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三、阅读理解。（每小题2分，共10分）
活动进入公益研学环节。学校自然保护俱乐部牵头，组织同学们研读了一篇关于保护非洲大象的文章。结合《疯狂动物城2》中“守护动物伙伴”的理念，同学们深刻认识到，现实中的动物保护远比动画中更迫切，也更加坚定了参与公益、守护生灵的信念。
Even though African elephants are protected, many of them are still being killed for their ivory.
At the end of the 1970s, over 1.3 million elephants walked around Africa, but today, their numbers have fallen to around 450,000. This is mainly caused by illegal(非法的) hunting for ivory. Need for ivory in markets, especially in Asia and Africa, continues to push the illegal trade. This has resulted in the deaths of at least 20,000 African elephants each year.
Ivory, also known as "white gold", has long been considered precious. Its unusual look has led to its use in lots of expensive things. And the ivory material itself can stand the test of time. So many people are willing to pay a high price for ivory products.
However, no matter how much real ivory is sold for, it's certainly not worth the harm to elephants. That's why some scientists are working to achieve the same beauty of ivory without killing any animals.
Thaddäa Rath and her team at the University of Vienna have created the ivory called "Digory". The high-tech ivory is made from synthetic resin(合成树脂) and calcium phosphate particles(磷酸钙颗粒). It's first formed into the shape by a 3D printer. And then it is colour-matched and coloured. Next, it is polished to make it look like real natural ivory.
Although Digory looks so real that it is hard to tell it from real ivory, its chemical structure is completely different from that of the real one. Fritz Vollrath, a biologist who is against killing elephants for ivory, felt excited about the invention and spoke highly of it for the fact that Digory could save many elephants from risks.
Scientists have made some achievements, but we still need to do more research to make sure that it is widely used. It's still hopeful that scientists can protect African elephants by making high-tech materials to take the place of the real ivory.
1. 创新考法 行文方式 How does the author show the dangerous situations of elephants in Paragraph 2?
A. By telling a story.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By giving examples.
D. By asking a question.
2. What does the underlined word "precious" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Normal.
B. Simple.
C. Valuable.
D. Modern.
3. What's the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. Why ivory products are popular.
B. What people can do to save elephants.
C. Where the ivory trade is the most popular.
D. How the scientists develop the high-tech ivory.
4. What do we know about making "Digory"?
① Its cost. ② Its time. ③ Its steps. ④ Its materials.
A. ①②
B. ③④
C. ①③
D. ②④
5. Which of the following opinions does the author probably agree with?
A. Technology can replace people to create art.
B. It won't take long to make Digory widely used.
C. It's difficult for people to accept high-tech products.
D. The use of technology can support the protection of wildlife.
活动进入公益研学环节。学校自然保护俱乐部牵头，组织同学们研读了一篇关于保护非洲大象的文章。结合《疯狂动物城2》中“守护动物伙伴”的理念，同学们深刻认识到，现实中的动物保护远比动画中更迫切，也更加坚定了参与公益、守护生灵的信念。
Even though African elephants are protected, many of them are still being killed for their ivory.
At the end of the 1970s, over 1.3 million elephants walked around Africa, but today, their numbers have fallen to around 450,000. This is mainly caused by illegal(非法的) hunting for ivory. Need for ivory in markets, especially in Asia and Africa, continues to push the illegal trade. This has resulted in the deaths of at least 20,000 African elephants each year.
Ivory, also known as "white gold", has long been considered precious. Its unusual look has led to its use in lots of expensive things. And the ivory material itself can stand the test of time. So many people are willing to pay a high price for ivory products.
However, no matter how much real ivory is sold for, it's certainly not worth the harm to elephants. That's why some scientists are working to achieve the same beauty of ivory without killing any animals.
Thaddäa Rath and her team at the University of Vienna have created the ivory called "Digory". The high-tech ivory is made from synthetic resin(合成树脂) and calcium phosphate particles(磷酸钙颗粒). It's first formed into the shape by a 3D printer. And then it is colour-matched and coloured. Next, it is polished to make it look like real natural ivory.
Although Digory looks so real that it is hard to tell it from real ivory, its chemical structure is completely different from that of the real one. Fritz Vollrath, a biologist who is against killing elephants for ivory, felt excited about the invention and spoke highly of it for the fact that Digory could save many elephants from risks.
Scientists have made some achievements, but we still need to do more research to make sure that it is widely used. It's still hopeful that scientists can protect African elephants by making high-tech materials to take the place of the real ivory.
1. 创新考法 行文方式 How does the author show the dangerous situations of elephants in Paragraph 2?
A. By telling a story.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By giving examples.
D. By asking a question.
2. What does the underlined word "precious" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Normal.
B. Simple.
C. Valuable.
D. Modern.
3. What's the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. Why ivory products are popular.
B. What people can do to save elephants.
C. Where the ivory trade is the most popular.
D. How the scientists develop the high-tech ivory.
4. What do we know about making "Digory"?
① Its cost. ② Its time. ③ Its steps. ④ Its materials.
A. ①②
B. ③④
C. ①③
D. ②④
5. Which of the following opinions does the author probably agree with?
A. Technology can replace people to create art.
B. It won't take long to make Digory widely used.
C. It's difficult for people to accept high-tech products.
D. The use of technology can support the protection of wildlife.
答案
三、1. B 行文方式题。根据第二段中 "At the end of the 1970s, over 1.3 million elephants ..." 和 "... at least 20,000 African elephants each year" 可知，作者通过列举具体数字说明大象数量锐减的危机。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据第三段中 "Its unusual look ... So many people are willing to pay a high price for ivory products." 可知，许多人愿意为象牙制品支付高价。由此推知，象牙被认为是珍贵的，precious 与 valuable 同义。
3. A 段落大意题。第三段主要描述象牙因外观独特、经久耐用而被视为奢侈品，解释了象牙制品受欢迎的原因。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第五段中 "The high-tech ivory is made from synthetic resin and calcium phosphate particles. It's first ... then ... Next ..." 可知，本段提及了制作 Digory 的材料和步骤。
5. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 scientists can protect African elephants by making high-tech materials 可知，作者认为科技能助力野生动物保护。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据第三段中 "Its unusual look ... So many people are willing to pay a high price for ivory products." 可知，许多人愿意为象牙制品支付高价。由此推知，象牙被认为是珍贵的，precious 与 valuable 同义。
3. A 段落大意题。第三段主要描述象牙因外观独特、经久耐用而被视为奢侈品，解释了象牙制品受欢迎的原因。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第五段中 "The high-tech ivory is made from synthetic resin and calcium phosphate particles. It's first ... then ... Next ..." 可知，本段提及了制作 Digory 的材料和步骤。
5. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 scientists can protect African elephants by making high-tech materials 可知，作者认为科技能助力野生动物保护。
解析
【分析】
我会逐题引导你梳理解题思路：
1. 第1题是行文方式题，先定位到第二段，梳理作者描述大象危险处境用到的表达方法，观察段落里出现的各类具体数字，对应匹配选项即可。
2. 第2题是词义猜测题，定位划线词所在的第三段，根据后文给出的“人们愿意为象牙制品支付高价”的语境线索，推断出precious的含义，匹配同义选项。
3. 第3题是段落大意题，通读第三段，提炼整段的核心讲述内容，排除不属于本段的无关选项，选出对应主旨。
4. 第4题是细节理解题，定位第五段关于人造象牙Digory的介绍，逐一核对文中提到的信息，排除没有提及的内容，选出正确组合。
5. 第5题是推理判断题，结合全文尤其是最后一段的作者表述，推断作者支持的观点，排除无依据、和原文矛盾的错误选项。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段，段落中出现了over 1.3 million、around 450,000、at least 20,000等多处具体统计数字，通过对比不同时期非洲大象的种群数量、每年因非法象牙贸易死亡的大象数量，直观展现大象面临的生存危机，作者使用的是列数字的行文方式，A讲故事、C举例子、D提问题的表述在第二段均无体现。
2. 定位第三段划线词precious，后文明确提到象牙外观独特、质地耐久，很多人愿意为象牙制品支付高价，说明象牙被认为是非常贵重的，precious意为“珍贵的”，和C选项Valuable（贵重的、有价值的）含义一致，A普通的、B简单的、D现代的均不符合语境逻辑。
3. 通读第三段可知，整段围绕象牙被称为“白色黄金”展开，解释了象牙因外观特殊、经久耐用，受到大量消费者追捧的原因，核心主旨对应A选项。B“拯救大象的措施”第三段未提及，C“象牙贸易最热门的区域”属于第二段内容，D“高科技象牙的研发过程”属于第五段内容，均不符合第三段主旨。
4. 定位第五段关于Digory的描述：首先明确提到它的制作材料是合成树脂和磷酸钙颗粒，之后用first、then、next的顺序完整介绍了3D打印塑形、配色上色、抛光的制作步骤，全文没有提及Digory的制作成本和制作耗时，因此文中提到的信息是③制作步骤和④制作材料。
5. 结合全文最后一段的表述，作者提出科学家可以通过研发高科技替代材料保护非洲大象，可见作者认同科技的应用可以为野生动物保护提供助力，对应D选项。A“科技可以代替人类创造艺术”全文无相关表述，B“Digory很快就能广泛应用”和原文“仍需要开展更多研究才能保障它被广泛使用”的表述矛盾，C“人们很难接受高科技产品”属于无中生有，均排除。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D
【知识点】
细节信息查找，词义猜测，主旨大意判断
【点评】
本篇阅读以非洲象保护为主题，贴合公益研学的情境设置，考点覆盖了行文方式判断、词义猜测、段落大意提炼、细节筛选、推理判断多种常规阅读题型，既考查学生的基础信息定位能力，也渗透了野生动物保护的正向价值观，符合英语学科核心素养的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.7
我会逐题引导你梳理解题思路：
1. 第1题是行文方式题，先定位到第二段，梳理作者描述大象危险处境用到的表达方法，观察段落里出现的各类具体数字，对应匹配选项即可。
2. 第2题是词义猜测题，定位划线词所在的第三段，根据后文给出的“人们愿意为象牙制品支付高价”的语境线索，推断出precious的含义，匹配同义选项。
3. 第3题是段落大意题，通读第三段，提炼整段的核心讲述内容，排除不属于本段的无关选项，选出对应主旨。
4. 第4题是细节理解题，定位第五段关于人造象牙Digory的介绍，逐一核对文中提到的信息，排除没有提及的内容，选出正确组合。
5. 第5题是推理判断题，结合全文尤其是最后一段的作者表述，推断作者支持的观点，排除无依据、和原文矛盾的错误选项。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段，段落中出现了over 1.3 million、around 450,000、at least 20,000等多处具体统计数字，通过对比不同时期非洲大象的种群数量、每年因非法象牙贸易死亡的大象数量，直观展现大象面临的生存危机，作者使用的是列数字的行文方式，A讲故事、C举例子、D提问题的表述在第二段均无体现。
2. 定位第三段划线词precious，后文明确提到象牙外观独特、质地耐久，很多人愿意为象牙制品支付高价，说明象牙被认为是非常贵重的，precious意为“珍贵的”，和C选项Valuable（贵重的、有价值的）含义一致，A普通的、B简单的、D现代的均不符合语境逻辑。
3. 通读第三段可知，整段围绕象牙被称为“白色黄金”展开，解释了象牙因外观特殊、经久耐用，受到大量消费者追捧的原因，核心主旨对应A选项。B“拯救大象的措施”第三段未提及，C“象牙贸易最热门的区域”属于第二段内容，D“高科技象牙的研发过程”属于第五段内容，均不符合第三段主旨。
4. 定位第五段关于Digory的描述：首先明确提到它的制作材料是合成树脂和磷酸钙颗粒，之后用first、then、next的顺序完整介绍了3D打印塑形、配色上色、抛光的制作步骤，全文没有提及Digory的制作成本和制作耗时，因此文中提到的信息是③制作步骤和④制作材料。
5. 结合全文最后一段的表述，作者提出科学家可以通过研发高科技替代材料保护非洲大象，可见作者认同科技的应用可以为野生动物保护提供助力，对应D选项。A“科技可以代替人类创造艺术”全文无相关表述，B“Digory很快就能广泛应用”和原文“仍需要开展更多研究才能保障它被广泛使用”的表述矛盾，C“人们很难接受高科技产品”属于无中生有，均排除。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D
【知识点】
细节信息查找，词义猜测，主旨大意判断
【点评】
本篇阅读以非洲象保护为主题，贴合公益研学的情境设置，考点覆盖了行文方式判断、词义猜测、段落大意提炼、细节筛选、推理判断多种常规阅读题型，既考查学生的基础信息定位能力，也渗透了野生动物保护的正向价值观，符合英语学科核心素养的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.7
