五、词汇运用(本题有15小题,每小题1分,共计15分)
A. 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。
everybody active on purpose safe inspire
Our school pays great attention to the $\underline{51}$ of all students. $\underline{52}$ in our class enjoys outdoor activities and stays $\underline{53}$ during breaks. Last week, our teacher told us a story about a brave firefighter $\underline{54}$ us. She explained that the firefighter didn't become a hero by accident; he worked hard $\underline{55}$ to achieve his dream. We all felt encouraged to be better people.
A. 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。
everybody active on purpose safe inspire
Our school pays great attention to the $\underline{51}$ of all students. $\underline{52}$ in our class enjoys outdoor activities and stays $\underline{53}$ during breaks. Last week, our teacher told us a story about a brave firefighter $\underline{54}$ us. She explained that the firefighter didn't become a hero by accident; he worked hard $\underline{55}$ to achieve his dream. We all felt encouraged to be better people.
答案
51. safety 52. Everybody 53. active 54. to inspire 55. on purpose
解析
【分析】
首先明确方框内词汇的词性与词义:everybody(不定代词,每个人)、active(形容词,活跃的)、on purpose(固定短语,故意地)、safe(形容词,安全的)、inspire(动词,激励)。再结合每个句子的结构、语境及语法要求逐个分析:
1. 第51空:空前有定冠词the,需填名词,safe的名词形式为safety,结合句意“学校关注所有学生的安全”,确定填safety;
2. 第52空:句子缺少主语,谓语动词enjoys为第三人称单数形式,不定代词everybody作主语符合语法,且句首需大写,故填Everybody;
3. 第53空:stay为系动词,后需接形容词作表语,方框中active是形容词,“stay active”表示“保持活跃”,符合语境,填active;
4. 第54空:老师讲消防员故事的目的是激励我们,此处用不定式作目的状语,inspire的不定式形式为to inspire,故填to inspire;
5. 第55空:根据句意,消防员努力实现梦想是“故意地”,固定短语on purpose符合语境,填on purpose。
【解析】
1. 第51空:定冠词the后需接名词,safe的名词形式是safety,结合语境“学校关注学生的安全”,故填safety;
2. 第52空:句子主语需为第三人称单数,everybody是不定代词,作主语时谓语用单数,且句首大写,故填Everybody;
3. 第53空:stay是系动词,后接形容词作表语,active为形容词,“stay active”符合“课间保持活跃”的语境,故填active;
4. 第54空:此处用不定式作目的状语,表“讲故事的目的是激励我们”,inspire的不定式为to inspire,故填to inspire;
5. 第55空:固定短语on purpose意为“故意地”,符合“消防员不是偶然成功,而是故意努力实现梦想”的语境,故填on purpose。
【答案】
51. safety 52. Everybody 53. active 54. to inspire 55. on purpose
【知识点】
词汇适当形式填空、词性转换、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题为基础词汇运用题,考查学生对方框内词汇的词性、词义及适当形式的掌握,需结合句子结构、语境和语法规则分析,难度适中,适合初中阶段学生巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】
0.7
首先明确方框内词汇的词性与词义:everybody(不定代词,每个人)、active(形容词,活跃的)、on purpose(固定短语,故意地)、safe(形容词,安全的)、inspire(动词,激励)。再结合每个句子的结构、语境及语法要求逐个分析:
1. 第51空:空前有定冠词the,需填名词,safe的名词形式为safety,结合句意“学校关注所有学生的安全”,确定填safety;
2. 第52空:句子缺少主语,谓语动词enjoys为第三人称单数形式,不定代词everybody作主语符合语法,且句首需大写,故填Everybody;
3. 第53空:stay为系动词,后需接形容词作表语,方框中active是形容词,“stay active”表示“保持活跃”,符合语境,填active;
4. 第54空:老师讲消防员故事的目的是激励我们,此处用不定式作目的状语,inspire的不定式形式为to inspire,故填to inspire;
5. 第55空:根据句意,消防员努力实现梦想是“故意地”,固定短语on purpose符合语境,填on purpose。
【解析】
1. 第51空:定冠词the后需接名词,safe的名词形式是safety,结合语境“学校关注学生的安全”,故填safety;
2. 第52空:句子主语需为第三人称单数,everybody是不定代词,作主语时谓语用单数,且句首大写,故填Everybody;
3. 第53空:stay是系动词,后接形容词作表语,active为形容词,“stay active”符合“课间保持活跃”的语境,故填active;
4. 第54空:此处用不定式作目的状语,表“讲故事的目的是激励我们”,inspire的不定式为to inspire,故填to inspire;
5. 第55空:固定短语on purpose意为“故意地”,符合“消防员不是偶然成功,而是故意努力实现梦想”的语境,故填on purpose。
【答案】
51. safety 52. Everybody 53. active 54. to inspire 55. on purpose
【知识点】
词汇适当形式填空、词性转换、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题为基础词汇运用题,考查学生对方框内词汇的词性、词义及适当形式的掌握,需结合句子结构、语境和语法规则分析,难度适中,适合初中阶段学生巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】
0.7
B. 阅读下面的短文,根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空限填一词)。
Last summer, I travelled to the $\underline{56}$ (北方的) part of China with my family. I have a strong $\underline{57}$ (志向) to climb the Great Wall there one day. However, $\underline{58}$ (是否) we could go depended on the weather. On the $\underline{59}$ (第二) day, the sky was clear! The wall stood high $\underline{60}$ (在……上面) the mountains. The shops there were $\underline{61}$ (供应) free water for visitors. I enjoyed $\underline{62}$ (我自己) very much walking on the ancient wall. Luckily, we $\underline{63}$ (避免) the crowd by going early. I saw many $\underline{64}$ (青少年) like me who were also excited. An old man smiled $\underline{65}$ (热情) at us and told us stories about the wall. It was an unforgettable trip.
Last summer, I travelled to the $\underline{56}$ (北方的) part of China with my family. I have a strong $\underline{57}$ (志向) to climb the Great Wall there one day. However, $\underline{58}$ (是否) we could go depended on the weather. On the $\underline{59}$ (第二) day, the sky was clear! The wall stood high $\underline{60}$ (在……上面) the mountains. The shops there were $\underline{61}$ (供应) free water for visitors. I enjoyed $\underline{62}$ (我自己) very much walking on the ancient wall. Luckily, we $\underline{63}$ (避免) the crowd by going early. I saw many $\underline{64}$ (青少年) like me who were also excited. An old man smiled $\underline{65}$ (热情) at us and told us stories about the wall. It was an unforgettable trip.
答案
56. northern 57. ambition 58. whether 59. second 60. above 61. supplying 62. myself 63. avoided 64. teenagers 65. warmly
解析
【分析】
本题为根据汉语提示填写单词正确形式的英语基础题,解题思路为:先分析每个空格在句中的成分,确定所需词性;再结合汉语提示确定单词基本形式;最后根据句子时态、单复数、固定搭配等语法规则调整单词形式,确保符合句子逻辑和语法要求。
【解析】
56. 空格修饰名词part,需用形容词,汉语“北方的”对应形容词northern;
57. 空格前有不定冠词a,需用可数名词单数,汉语“志向”对应名词ambition;
58. 空格引导主语从句,表“是否”含义,对应连词whether;
59. 空格修饰名词day表顺序,汉语“第二”对应序数词second;
60. 空格表示位置关系“在……上面”,对应介词above;
61. 句子为过去进行时(were + 现在分词),主语shops与“供应”是主动关系,故用supplying;
62. 固定搭配enjoy oneself,汉语“我自己”对应反身代词myself;
63. 句子为一般过去时,谓语动词需用过去式,汉语“避免”对应avoided;
64. 空格前有many,需用名词复数,汉语“青少年”对应teenagers;
65. 空格修饰动词smiled,需用副词,汉语“热情”对应副词warmly;
【答案】
56. northern 57. ambition 58. whether 59. second 60. above 61. supplying 62. myself 63. avoided 64. teenagers 65. warmly
【知识点】
词汇运用、词性变化、语法规则
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的正确运用,涉及词性转换、时态、固定搭配等知识点,需结合句子语境和语法规则解题,是英语学习中常见的基础题型,能有效考查学生的词汇掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为根据汉语提示填写单词正确形式的英语基础题,解题思路为:先分析每个空格在句中的成分,确定所需词性;再结合汉语提示确定单词基本形式;最后根据句子时态、单复数、固定搭配等语法规则调整单词形式,确保符合句子逻辑和语法要求。
【解析】
56. 空格修饰名词part,需用形容词,汉语“北方的”对应形容词northern;
57. 空格前有不定冠词a,需用可数名词单数,汉语“志向”对应名词ambition;
58. 空格引导主语从句,表“是否”含义,对应连词whether;
59. 空格修饰名词day表顺序,汉语“第二”对应序数词second;
60. 空格表示位置关系“在……上面”,对应介词above;
61. 句子为过去进行时(were + 现在分词),主语shops与“供应”是主动关系,故用supplying;
62. 固定搭配enjoy oneself,汉语“我自己”对应反身代词myself;
63. 句子为一般过去时,谓语动词需用过去式,汉语“避免”对应avoided;
64. 空格前有many,需用名词复数,汉语“青少年”对应teenagers;
65. 空格修饰动词smiled,需用副词,汉语“热情”对应副词warmly;
【答案】
56. northern 57. ambition 58. whether 59. second 60. above 61. supplying 62. myself 63. avoided 64. teenagers 65. warmly
【知识点】
词汇运用、词性变化、语法规则
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的正确运用,涉及词性转换、时态、固定搭配等知识点,需结合句子语境和语法规则解题,是英语学习中常见的基础题型,能有效考查学生的词汇掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.6
六、语法填空(本题有10小题,每小题1分,共计10分)(真题·绍兴上虞)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
"Wow! It really looks like it's straight out of a movie! 66 cool that is!" When a ball-shaped robot appeared on the streets of Wenzhou with policemen, many people shouted with 67 (excite).
Weighing 125 kilograms, the robot can run at a speed of 35 kilometres an hour. Its special shape stops it from falling over. The robot can not only work on land 68 also in water, following criminals and helping the police catch 69 much more easily.
A research team from Zhejiang University 70 (develop) this robot. In 2017, the team got the idea from a Mercury exploration project(水星探索项目) at Uppsala University in Sweden. After several 71 (year) of effort(努力), the team created the robot. In December 2024, people tested it in police work.
The robot 72 (catch) the attention of people from other countries as well so far. Some people from the Middle East even called the research team for more information about it.
Now, the cost of making such a robot is 73 300,000 yuan and 400,000 yuan. The team said, "In 74 future, as the technology improves, the cost will go down." The team 75 (strong) believes ball-shaped robots will be able to offer service to people in their homes one day.
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
"Wow! It really looks like it's straight out of a movie! 66 cool that is!" When a ball-shaped robot appeared on the streets of Wenzhou with policemen, many people shouted with 67 (excite).
Weighing 125 kilograms, the robot can run at a speed of 35 kilometres an hour. Its special shape stops it from falling over. The robot can not only work on land 68 also in water, following criminals and helping the police catch 69 much more easily.
A research team from Zhejiang University 70 (develop) this robot. In 2017, the team got the idea from a Mercury exploration project(水星探索项目) at Uppsala University in Sweden. After several 71 (year) of effort(努力), the team created the robot. In December 2024, people tested it in police work.
The robot 72 (catch) the attention of people from other countries as well so far. Some people from the Middle East even called the research team for more information about it.
Now, the cost of making such a robot is 73 300,000 yuan and 400,000 yuan. The team said, "In 74 future, as the technology improves, the cost will go down." The team 75 (strong) believes ball-shaped robots will be able to offer service to people in their homes one day.
答案
66. How 67. excitement 68. but 69. them 70. developed 71. years 72. has caught 73. between 74. the 75. strongly
解析
【分析】
本题为语法填空,需结合语法规则、固定搭配、词性变化等逐一分析:
1. 第66题:考查感叹句,结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”,此处修饰形容词cool,故用How。
2. 第67题:介词with后需接名词,excite的名词形式为excitement,构成短语with excitement(兴奋地),故填excitement。
3. 第68题:考查固定搭配not only...but also...(不仅...而且...),连接并列成分,故填but。
4. 第69题:指代前文复数名词criminals,作catch的宾语,需用宾格代词them,故填them。
5. 第70题:研发机器人的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填develop的过去式developed。
6. 第71题:several后接可数名词复数,故填year的复数years。
7. 第72题:so far是现在完成时的标志,主语the robot为单数,故用has caught。
8. 第73题:考查固定搭配between...and...,表示成本范围,故填between。
9. 第74题:考查固定短语in the future,需加定冠词the,故填the。
10. 第75题:修饰动词believes,需用副词,strong的副词形式为strongly,故填strongly。
【解析】
66. 感叹句中,修饰形容词cool用How,符合“How + adj + 主语+谓语”结构,故填How。
67. with为介词,后接名词,excite的名词形式是excitement,构成with excitement短语,故填excitement。
68. 固定搭配not only...but also...表示“不仅...而且...”,连接两个并列成分,故填but。
69. 此处指代前文的criminals(复数),作动词catch的宾语,用宾格them,故填them。
70. 研发机器人的动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,develop的过去式为developed,故填developed。
71. several后接可数名词复数,year的复数是years,故填years。
72. so far(到目前为止)是现在完成时的标志,主语the robot是单数,助动词用has,catch的过去分词是caught,故填has caught。
73. 固定搭配between...and...表示“在...和...之间”,用于说明成本范围,故填between。
74. 固定短语in the future意为“在未来”,需加定冠词the,故填the。
75. 此处修饰动词believes,用副词,strong的副词形式是strongly,故填strongly。
【答案】
66. How 67. excitement 68. but 69. them 70. developed 71. years 72. has caught 73. between 74. the 75. strongly
【知识点】
感叹句;词性转换;固定搭配;动词时态
【点评】
本题为绍兴上虞真题语法填空,涵盖感叹句、固定短语、词性变化、时态等基础语法考点,侧重考查学生对基础语法规则的运用能力,难度适中,是初中阶段常见的语法考查题型。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为语法填空,需结合语法规则、固定搭配、词性变化等逐一分析:
1. 第66题:考查感叹句,结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”,此处修饰形容词cool,故用How。
2. 第67题:介词with后需接名词,excite的名词形式为excitement,构成短语with excitement(兴奋地),故填excitement。
3. 第68题:考查固定搭配not only...but also...(不仅...而且...),连接并列成分,故填but。
4. 第69题:指代前文复数名词criminals,作catch的宾语,需用宾格代词them,故填them。
5. 第70题:研发机器人的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填develop的过去式developed。
6. 第71题:several后接可数名词复数,故填year的复数years。
7. 第72题:so far是现在完成时的标志,主语the robot为单数,故用has caught。
8. 第73题:考查固定搭配between...and...,表示成本范围,故填between。
9. 第74题:考查固定短语in the future,需加定冠词the,故填the。
10. 第75题:修饰动词believes,需用副词,strong的副词形式为strongly,故填strongly。
【解析】
66. 感叹句中,修饰形容词cool用How,符合“How + adj + 主语+谓语”结构,故填How。
67. with为介词,后接名词,excite的名词形式是excitement,构成with excitement短语,故填excitement。
68. 固定搭配not only...but also...表示“不仅...而且...”,连接两个并列成分,故填but。
69. 此处指代前文的criminals(复数),作动词catch的宾语,用宾格them,故填them。
70. 研发机器人的动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,develop的过去式为developed,故填developed。
71. several后接可数名词复数,year的复数是years,故填years。
72. so far(到目前为止)是现在完成时的标志,主语the robot是单数,助动词用has,catch的过去分词是caught,故填has caught。
73. 固定搭配between...and...表示“在...和...之间”,用于说明成本范围,故填between。
74. 固定短语in the future意为“在未来”,需加定冠词the,故填the。
75. 此处修饰动词believes,用副词,strong的副词形式是strongly,故填strongly。
【答案】
66. How 67. excitement 68. but 69. them 70. developed 71. years 72. has caught 73. between 74. the 75. strongly
【知识点】
感叹句;词性转换;固定搭配;动词时态
【点评】
本题为绍兴上虞真题语法填空,涵盖感叹句、固定短语、词性变化、时态等基础语法考点,侧重考查学生对基础语法规则的运用能力,难度适中,是初中阶段常见的语法考查题型。
【难度系数】
0.7
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