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Ⅲ. 阅读理解(每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
In the mountains and forests of southern China, there stand many stilt houses (吊脚楼). They are built on hillsides and supported by wooden pillars (木柱). They are homes to the Tujia people.
Stilt houses stand high above the ground. The tallest Tujia stilt house is in Zhangjiajie of Hunan. It is as tall as 109.9 meters. Taking a closer look at stilt houses, you will find their beautiful windows, eaves (屋檐) and roofs (屋顶). The windows are decorated with patterns of animals and plants. The eaves look like the wings of swallows (燕). They are really beautiful.
Why do the Tujia people build houses in the air? Well, it has something to do with the places where they live. Most Tujia people live in southern China’s Hunan and Hubei. The weather there is humid and often hot in summer. People can feel cooler and more comfortable living in taller houses. Also, taller houses can protect people from floods (洪水) and dangerous animals, such as snakes and spiders. Families raise animals, such as pigs and goats, on the lower floors of their stilt houses.
This clever way of living is also welcome in some other ethnic minorities (少数民族). You can also find stilt houses built by people of the Miao, Buyi and Dong ethnic minorities in Hunan, Guizhou, Guangxi and other places.
21. In the passage, which ethnic minorities are not mentioned (提及)?
A. The Tujia and Miao peoples.
B. The Dong and Miao peoples.
C. The Hui and Man peoples.
D. The Tujia and Buyi peoples.
22. Where can you probably (可能) see stilt houses?
A. In the northern part of China.
B. In the west of China.
C. In the southern part of China.
D. In any place all over China.
23. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. Who likes stilt houses best.
B. What stilt houses are like.
C. Where the Tujia people build their houses.
D. Why the Tujia people build stilt houses.
24. Why do the Tujia people choose to build their houses high above the ground?
A. To raise animals on the lower floors.
B. To protect themselves from floods as well as dangerous animals.
C. To make their life more comfortable, especially (尤其) in summer.
D. A, B and C.
25. In which newspaper column (专栏) can you read the passage?
A. Culture.
B. Sports.
C. History.
D. Science.
In the mountains and forests of southern China, there stand many stilt houses (吊脚楼). They are built on hillsides and supported by wooden pillars (木柱). They are homes to the Tujia people.
Stilt houses stand high above the ground. The tallest Tujia stilt house is in Zhangjiajie of Hunan. It is as tall as 109.9 meters. Taking a closer look at stilt houses, you will find their beautiful windows, eaves (屋檐) and roofs (屋顶). The windows are decorated with patterns of animals and plants. The eaves look like the wings of swallows (燕). They are really beautiful.
Why do the Tujia people build houses in the air? Well, it has something to do with the places where they live. Most Tujia people live in southern China’s Hunan and Hubei. The weather there is humid and often hot in summer. People can feel cooler and more comfortable living in taller houses. Also, taller houses can protect people from floods (洪水) and dangerous animals, such as snakes and spiders. Families raise animals, such as pigs and goats, on the lower floors of their stilt houses.
This clever way of living is also welcome in some other ethnic minorities (少数民族). You can also find stilt houses built by people of the Miao, Buyi and Dong ethnic minorities in Hunan, Guizhou, Guangxi and other places.
21. In the passage, which ethnic minorities are not mentioned (提及)?
A. The Tujia and Miao peoples.
B. The Dong and Miao peoples.
C. The Hui and Man peoples.
D. The Tujia and Buyi peoples.
22. Where can you probably (可能) see stilt houses?
A. In the northern part of China.
B. In the west of China.
C. In the southern part of China.
D. In any place all over China.
23. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. Who likes stilt houses best.
B. What stilt houses are like.
C. Where the Tujia people build their houses.
D. Why the Tujia people build stilt houses.
24. Why do the Tujia people choose to build their houses high above the ground?
A. To raise animals on the lower floors.
B. To protect themselves from floods as well as dangerous animals.
C. To make their life more comfortable, especially (尤其) in summer.
D. A, B and C.
25. In which newspaper column (专栏) can you read the passage?
A. Culture.
B. Sports.
C. History.
D. Science.
答案
Ⅲ. [语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了中国南部土家族等少数民族居住的吊脚楼的相关情况。
21. C 细节理解题。文章第一段最后一句提到了土家族；文章最后一句提到了苗族、布依族和侗族。文章未提及回族和满族。故选 C。
22. C 细节理解题。根据文章第一句可知，在中国南部能看到吊脚楼。故选 C。
23. B 段落大意题。通读第二段可知，本段主要介绍了吊脚楼是什么样的。故选 B。
24. D 细节多选题。根据第三段可知，土家族居住的地方天气潮湿炎热，人们住在更高的房子里会感觉更凉爽、更舒适；较高的房屋可以保护人们免受洪水和蛇、蜘蛛等危险动物的侵袭；人们在吊脚楼的较低楼层饲养猪和山羊等动物。因此 A、B、C 三个选项中的内容都是吊脚楼高悬地面的理由。故选 D。
25. A 文章主题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了具有民族文化特色的吊脚楼，因此可推知在报纸的文化专栏能看到这篇文章。故选 A。
21. C 细节理解题。文章第一段最后一句提到了土家族；文章最后一句提到了苗族、布依族和侗族。文章未提及回族和满族。故选 C。
22. C 细节理解题。根据文章第一句可知，在中国南部能看到吊脚楼。故选 C。
23. B 段落大意题。通读第二段可知，本段主要介绍了吊脚楼是什么样的。故选 B。
24. D 细节多选题。根据第三段可知，土家族居住的地方天气潮湿炎热，人们住在更高的房子里会感觉更凉爽、更舒适；较高的房屋可以保护人们免受洪水和蛇、蜘蛛等危险动物的侵袭；人们在吊脚楼的较低楼层饲养猪和山羊等动物。因此 A、B、C 三个选项中的内容都是吊脚楼高悬地面的理由。故选 D。
25. A 文章主题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了具有民族文化特色的吊脚楼，因此可推知在报纸的文化专栏能看到这篇文章。故选 A。
解析
【分析】
1. 第21题：属于细节理解题，需回原文定位提及的少数民族，排除已出现的民族，找到未提及的选项。
2. 第22题：细节理解题，定位原文关于吊脚楼分布地点的表述，直接匹配对应选项。
3. 第23题：段落大意题，通读第二段内容，归纳核心描述的吊脚楼特征，对应选项。
4. 第24题：细节多选题，定位第三段中土家族建吊脚楼的原因，逐一核对选项是否符合原文。
5. 第25题：文章主题题，通读全文核心内容（少数民族特色建筑），判断所属专栏类型。
【解析】
21. 细节理解题：原文提及的少数民族有土家族（Tujia）、苗族（Miao）、布依族（Buyi）、侗族（Dong），未提及回族（Hui）和满族（Man），故选C。
22. 细节理解题：根据原文第一句“In the mountains and forests of southern China, there stand many stilt houses”可知，吊脚楼分布在中国南部，故选C。
23. 段落大意题：第二段主要介绍了吊脚楼的高度、外观（窗户、屋檐、屋顶等），即“吊脚楼是什么样的”，故选B。
24. 细节多选题：第三段提到建吊脚楼的原因：①天气炎热潮湿，住高处更凉爽舒适；②可防洪水和危险动物；③低层饲养家畜。A、B、C均符合，故选D。
25. 文章主题题：全文围绕少数民族特色建筑吊脚楼展开，属于文化范畴，应在报纸的文化专栏，故选A。
【答案】21.C 22.C 23.B 24.D 25.A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、段落大意题
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解专项练习，涵盖细节理解、段落大意、文章主题等常见题型，考查学生快速定位信息、归纳总结的能力，题材贴近民族文化，兼具知识性与趣味性。
【难度系数】0.6
1. 第21题：属于细节理解题，需回原文定位提及的少数民族，排除已出现的民族，找到未提及的选项。
2. 第22题：细节理解题，定位原文关于吊脚楼分布地点的表述，直接匹配对应选项。
3. 第23题：段落大意题，通读第二段内容，归纳核心描述的吊脚楼特征，对应选项。
4. 第24题：细节多选题，定位第三段中土家族建吊脚楼的原因，逐一核对选项是否符合原文。
5. 第25题：文章主题题，通读全文核心内容（少数民族特色建筑），判断所属专栏类型。
【解析】
21. 细节理解题：原文提及的少数民族有土家族（Tujia）、苗族（Miao）、布依族（Buyi）、侗族（Dong），未提及回族（Hui）和满族（Man），故选C。
22. 细节理解题：根据原文第一句“In the mountains and forests of southern China, there stand many stilt houses”可知，吊脚楼分布在中国南部，故选C。
23. 段落大意题：第二段主要介绍了吊脚楼的高度、外观（窗户、屋檐、屋顶等），即“吊脚楼是什么样的”，故选B。
24. 细节多选题：第三段提到建吊脚楼的原因：①天气炎热潮湿，住高处更凉爽舒适；②可防洪水和危险动物；③低层饲养家畜。A、B、C均符合，故选D。
25. 文章主题题：全文围绕少数民族特色建筑吊脚楼展开，属于文化范畴，应在报纸的文化专栏，故选A。
【答案】21.C 22.C 23.B 24.D 25.A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、段落大意题
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解专项练习，涵盖细节理解、段落大意、文章主题等常见题型，考查学生快速定位信息、归纳总结的能力，题材贴近民族文化，兼具知识性与趣味性。
【难度系数】0.6
