Ⅳ. 阅读短文,用方框中所给词的恰当形式填空,每词仅用一次。
with geology universe resource benefit
With the continuous development of space technology, more and more countries are making efforts to explore the vast 1. . For instance, a new satellite, which is equipped 2. advanced instruments, has been sent into space. It can assist(帮助) us in monitoring(监测) climate change and predicting natural disasters. At the same time, scientists study 3. . By doing so, they can understand how Earth was formed and learn how to protect its natural 4. . It is believed that the results of space exploration can 5. all human beings—they might even help us solve the problem of resource shortages in the future.

1. universe 2. with 3. geology 4. resources
5. benefit

【分析】本题为选词填空题，需根据句子语境、固定搭配及词性变化，从方框所给词汇（with、geology、universe、resource、benefit）中选择恰当形式填空，且每词仅用一次。解题时先通读全文把握主旨（太空探索的意义），再逐个分析空格的语法功能与语义需求，结合词汇用法完成填空。
【解析】1. 句意：随着太空技术的持续发展，越来越多国家努力探索广阔的宇宙。此处需名词，结合太空探索的语境，选universe（宇宙）。
2. 考查固定搭配be equipped with，意为“配备有”，此处填介词with。
3. 句意：科学家研究地质学，以此了解地球的形成过程。此处需学科名词，选geology（地质学）。
4. natural resources是固定短语，意为“自然资源”，resource为可数名词，此处用复数形式resources。
5. 情态动词can后接动词原形，句意：太空探索的结果能有益于全人类，故填benefit。
【答案】1. universe 2. with 3. geology 4. resources 5. benefit
【知识点】英语选词填空、固定搭配、名词单复数变化
【点评】本题侧重考查语境理解、固定搭配及名词形式变化，难度适中，需注意每词仅用一次的要求，适合基础阶段学生巩固词汇运用能力。
【难度系数】0.6

Ⅴ. 选择恰当的句子补全对话，其中有两项多余。
William: Wow! What a cool spaceship model! 1.
Daming: Yes, I did. I have just finished it. It took me two weeks.
William: It looks like a real one. 2.
Daming: Yes, I am. And I like learning about space.
William: What are you going to be when you grow up?
Daming: 3.
William: How will you make your dream come true?
Daming: 4.
William: That's great. 5.
Daming: Thanks, William.
A. Are you interested in space travel?
B. I'm sure you'll be successful.
C. Did you make it by yourself?
D. I will work harder and enter a good university to study space.
E. Long time no see.
F. I'd like to be an astronaut.
G. My father gave it to me as a birthday present.

1. C 2. A 3. F 4. D 5. B

【分析】先通读对话把握整体语境，围绕太空模型制作和未来梦想展开交流。根据上下句的问答逻辑逐一匹配句子：第1空答语用“Yes, I did”，对应一般过去时的一般疑问句，选C；第2空答语用“Yes, I am”，对应一般现在时的一般疑问句，结合太空话题选A；第3空问未来职业，选F；第4空问实现梦想的方式，选D；第5空对应感谢的答语，选B。
【解析】1. 答语“Yes, I did”是一般过去时的一般疑问句回答，C选项“Did you make it by yourself?”符合语境，故选C；2. 答语“Yes, I am”对应一般现在时的一般疑问句，结合太空模型话题，A选项“Are you interested in space travel?”符合，故选A；3. 问句问长大后的职业，F选项“I'd like to be an astronaut.”是职业回答，故选F；4. 问句问实现梦想的方式，D选项说明具体做法，故选D；5. 答语是感谢，B选项是祝福，符合语境，故选B。
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. F 4. D 5. B
【知识点】情景交际（补全对话）
【点评】本题考查情景对话的逻辑匹配，需结合上下文问答关系选句，是初中英语基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7

Ⅵ. 阅读理解。
Many of us spent our childhoods dreaming of becoming astronauts. But only a few can make it. Does that mean you'll never get a chance to work in space? Not really.
In fact, there are some cool space jobs besides being an astronaut. One of the most interesting is the "chief sniffer(首席嗅探官)". NASA has George Aldrich, whose job is to smell materials before they're used in spaceships. Using your nose at work might sound strange, but it's very important. The spaceship is a sealed space and has high temperature, which makes smells inside stronger. Once a spaceship is launched, astronauts can't get away from unpleasant smells. What's more, smelling objects can help find things that may harm astronauts' health.
Another job is the "space tour guide". It may seem a bit ahead of time because there are no tourists in space yet. But now, many companies are starting to provide space trips, and some wealthy space lovers have ordered such tours. It might not be long before space becomes a top travel destination. To be a space tour guide, you need rich knowledge to help passengers enjoy their journey. You also need to be a great storyteller so that passengers can experience the true beauty of space travel.
Astronauts often stay in space with the same group for a long time, so a "space psychologist" is needed to help them overcome bad feelings. Rohit Talwar, CEO of the Fast Future, said, "We're crossing the boundaries between science fiction and reality. Things we've seen in movies are now becoming reality!"
()1. How many space jobs are mentioned in the passage?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
()2. A space tour guide needs to be .
A. helpful in relaxing and full of energy
B. rich in money and interested in space
C. excellent in knowledge and good at storytelling
D. successful in research and active in communicating
()3. What is the main duty of a "space psychologist"?
A. To tell interesting stories to the passengers.
B. To check the temperature inside the spaceship.
C. To help astronauts deal with negative feelings.
D. To guide rich tourists around the space station.
()4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. True Beauty of Space Travel
B. Bright Future of Space Research
C. Dangerous Life of Being a Sniffer
D. More Choices of Working in Space

1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D

【分析】
本题为阅读理解题，需通过定位原文关键信息解答各题：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需查找文中提到的太空工作数量；
2. 第2题是细节理解题，需定位太空导游的任职要求；
3. 第3题是细节理解题，需明确太空心理学家的主要职责；
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需归纳全文核心内容。
【解析】
1. 第1题：通读全文，文中提到的太空工作有“chief sniffer（首席嗅探官）”“space tour guide（太空导游）”“space psychologist（太空心理学家）”，共3种，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 第2题：定位第3段关于太空导游的描述：“To be a space tour guide, you need rich knowledge to help passengers enjoy their journey. You also need to be a great storyteller...”，可知太空导游需要丰富的知识和擅长讲故事，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 第3题：定位第4段关于太空心理学家的描述：“help them overcome bad feelings”，即帮助宇航员处理负面情绪，对应选项C，故选C。
4. 第4题：全文围绕“除宇航员外的其他太空工作”展开，选项A（太空旅行之美）、B（太空研究的光明未来）、C（嗅探官的危险生活）均偏离主题，选项D（更多太空工作选择）符合主旨，故选D。
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D
【知识点】
阅读理解，细节理解题，主旨大意题
【点评】
本文介绍了除宇航员外的三种特色太空工作，题目设置涵盖细节查找和主旨归纳，需学生快速定位原文关键信息，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固阅读理解解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.6