Passage 3
The day went well, but school left me feeling tired. I lay on the sofa, scrolling(滚屏) through social media(社交媒体), envious(羡慕的) of others' perfect lives. I didn't even realize I was comparing myself to them.
You know what? It's normal to compare ourselves to others. Experts say that one in ten of our thoughts is about comparing. Social comparison theory states that people would judge their own social and personal worth by comparing themselves to others around them.
For a long time, comparing myself made me unhappy. I finally understood that it's useless to compare our weaknesses to someone else's strengths. I used to feel bad about myself whenever I saw Kayla doing well in school. I wished I could be as smart as her. But then I realized, it's not fair to myself.
So, I made a change. Instead of comparing, I focused on becoming better. I started reading a book every month and tried new hobbies. This helped me find out more about myself.
I learned to be thankful for what I have. I wrote down things that made me happy every day and hung out with people who lifted my spirits. This made me appreciate my life more.
I also changed how I used social media. Instead of just scrolling aimlessly, I made sure to see more educational and inspiring posts. This made me happier and less likely to compare myself to others.
Here's something to think about: Are we tending(照料) to our own life garden, or just admiring others' gardens without taking care of our own? Remember, everyone is exceptional. Find your talents and shine bright!
1. What was the writer envious of on social media?

2. What's the writer's opinion about comparing ourselves to others?

3. What advice does the writer give at the end of the passage?

4. Do you agree with the writer's idea of stopping comparing? Why? (Please give two reasons.)

1. Someone else's perfect life. 2. It's useless. 3. Find our talents and shine bright. 4. Yes, I do. Because comparing yourself to others makes you feel bad. Besides, it can mask your own talent.

【分析】
这是一篇围绕理性看待社会比较主题的英语阅读主观问答题，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：首先通读全文把握核心主旨，再逐个提取题干的关键词，回到原文对应段落精准定位信息：第1题提取关键词"envious of on social media"，直接回到第一段找对应描述即可；第2题提取关键词"opinion about comparing ourselves to others"，回到作者阐述自身感悟的第三段提取明确观点；第3题提取关键词"advice at the end of the passage"，定位最后一段的总结内容就能得到答案；第4题是开放性问题，结合全文传递的“专注自身成长、不必盲目和他人比较”的核心观点，给出符合逻辑的两个理由即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第二句"I lay on the sofa, scrolling through social media, envious of others' perfect lives."，直接提取对应信息即可得出答案。
2. 定位原文第三段第二句"I finally understood that it's useless to compare our weaknesses to someone else's strengths."，可直接得到作者对和他人攀比的核心看法。
3. 定位原文最后一段末尾的总结语句"Remember, everyone is exceptional. Find your talents and shine bright!"，即可提取作者给出的文末建议。
4. 本题为开放作答题，首先明确表态同意作者的观点，再结合文本主旨给出两个合理的支撑理由即可。
【答案】
1. Someone else's perfect lives.
2. It's useless.
3. Find our talents and shine bright.
4. Yes, I do. Because comparing yourself to others makes you feel bad. Besides, it can mask your own talent.
【知识点】
英语阅读细节定位，阅读主旨归纳，开放问答表达
【点评】
本题属于典型的初中英语阅读主观问答题型，前3道均为基础细节查找题，学生只要掌握题干关键词回文定位的基本技巧就可以轻松得分，最后一道开放题既考察学生的英语语言输出能力，也引导学生树立正确的自我认知观念，避免盲目攀比，兼具知识性和正向引导性。
【难度系数】
0.8

Passage 4
A box of strawberries is bad in front of you. Without any doubt, you throw it away. But it's more than just strawberries that you are wasting.
The life of a strawberry starts from a seed. A farmer plants the seed and waters it. Later, people pick the strawberries and pack them in boxes. Trucks take them far to supermarkets. Water, labour, fuel and money must all be spent in order for a strawberry to come to you. If you waste it, you waste all of these things.
It's hard for people to realize how much work goes into the food we eat every day. That makes food waste a big problem around the world. Every year, 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted around the world. That's one third of the total amount of food we have. In China alone, people waste about 35 million tons of food each year, according to CCTV.
As we throw food away, there are still 820 million people starving(挨饿) around the world. Many children go to sleep but still feel hungry, and 3.1 million of them die of hunger each year. When diseases or natural disasters break out, things will be even worse.
"Wasting food means wasting natural resources and missing the opportunity to feed a growing population in the future," said UN Food and Agriculture Organization Director General Qu Dongyu. It's time to take action now.
1. What is a big problem in the world?

2. How much food is wasted in China each year?

3. Why shouldn't we throw food away?

4. In order to stop wasting food, what should we do?

1. Food waste. 2. 35 million tons of food. 3. Because there are millions of people starving around the world./If you throw food away, you waste many people's effort. 4. We should only order as much food as we can eat in a restaurant and we shouldn't keep too much food at home, especially fruit and vegetables.

【分析】
这是一篇围绕食物浪费主题的英语阅读简答题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心介绍了食物浪费的现状、危害，呼吁大众节约粮食。之后带着每道题的题干关键词回到原文精准定位对应段落：第1、2题属于直接细节题，找到题干关键词"big problem""China each year"就能直接锁定答案句提取信息；第3题需要整合原文中浪费食物的危害相关表述，梳理出不能随意丢弃食物的原因；第4题属于开放性拓展题，结合文章主旨和日常生活实际，给出合理可行的杜绝食物浪费的做法即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第三段第二句"That makes food waste a big problem around the world"，直接提取核心信息即可得到对应答案。
2. 定位原文第三段末尾句"In China alone, people waste about 35 million tons of food each year, according to CCTV"，提取对应食物浪费的数值信息即可。
3. 可从原文两处信息整合原因：一是第二段提到每一份食物背后都投入了水、人力、燃料、资金等大量成本，丢弃食物就是浪费所有人的付出；二是第四段提到全球仍有大量人口处于挨饿状态，每年有数百万儿童死于饥饿，浪费食物意味着浪费自然资源，也错失了养活未来新增人口的机会，任选合理表述作答即可。
4. 结合生活实际给出可行的节约食物的做法即可，比如外出就餐按需点餐、吃不完的食物打包带走，在家不要囤积过多易变质的生鲜食材，做饭按需准备分量等，表述通顺合理即可。
【答案】
1. Food waste.
2. 35 million tons of food.
3. Because there are millions of people starving around the world./If you throw food away, you waste many people's effort.
4. We should only order as much food as we can eat in a restaurant and we shouldn't keep too much food at home, especially fruit and vegetables.
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，食物浪费常识，英语简答表达
【点评】
本题难度较低，大部分答案都可以直接从原文中定位提取，既考察了学生的英语文本信息检索能力，也通过文本内容向学生传递了节约粮食、反对食物浪费的正确价值观，最后一道开放题也能引导学生结合生活实际思考践行节约的具体做法。
【难度系数】
0.8