知识点 When the great composer Robert Schumann first heard a work which was written by young Chopin, he said, “Hats off, gentlemen! A genius!”
本句是多层嵌套的主从复合句,整体框架为[时间状语从句(嵌套关系从句)+主句(含直接引语)]。
句首是从属连词
While I was reading a novel that was written by Dickens, my mother knocked at the door.
当我在读一本狄更斯创作的小说时,妈妈敲响了房门。
As soon as he met the teacher who taught him physics, he greeted her warmly.
他一见到教他物理的那位老师,就热情地和她打招呼。
【即学即用】
单项选择。
① When he a song which by his favourite star last night, he couldn’t help singing along. (
A. hears; is sung B. heard; was sung
C. heard; sang D. hears; is singing
② The boy said to his friend, “I really like the toy car you gave me for my birthday.” (
A. which B. who C. when D. whose
本句是多层嵌套的主从复合句,整体框架为[时间状语从句(嵌套关系从句)+主句(含直接引语)]。
句首是从属连词
When
引导的时间状语从句,交代主句动作发生的时间背景。在这个从句中,核心主语是 the great composer,Robert Schumann 为同位语,用于补充说明主语的具体身份,heard 是谓语动词,a work 是宾语,同时 a work 后是一个由关系代词 which 引导的关系从句 which was written by young Chopin,该从句使用一般过去时的被动语态 was written,介词短语 by young Chopin 点明动作的执行者,说明这部作品的创作者;主句部分中 he(指代 Robert Schumann)为主语,谓语动词为 said,后接直接引语 “Hats off, gentlemen! A genius!”,Hats off, gentlemen! 为名词开头的祈使句,意为“诸位,脱帽致敬!”;A genius! 为省略句,相当于“(He is such) A genius!”。如:While I was reading a novel that was written by Dickens, my mother knocked at the door.
当我在读一本狄更斯创作的小说时,妈妈敲响了房门。
As soon as he met the teacher who taught him physics, he greeted her warmly.
他一见到教他物理的那位老师,就热情地和她打招呼。
【即学即用】
单项选择。
① When he a song which by his favourite star last night, he couldn’t help singing along. (
B
)A. hears; is sung B. heard; was sung
C. heard; sang D. hears; is singing
② The boy said to his friend, “I really like the toy car you gave me for my birthday.” (
A
)A. which B. who C. when D. whose
答案
①B ②A
解析
【分析】
首先明确两道题均考查英语语法中的时态语态与定语从句用法。第①题需先根据时间状语确定时态,再结合定语从句的语态要求选答案;第②题需根据先行词的属性及定语从句的成分要求选择关系词。
【解析】
① 第一步:句中时间状语last night(昨晚)提示动作发生在过去,主从句均需用一般过去时,因此排除A(hears,一般现在时)、D(hears,一般现在时)选项;第二步:第二空为定语从句,先行词a song与动词sing是被动关系,需用一般过去时的被动语态was sung,故答案为B。
② 第一步:先行词the toy car指物,可先排除指人的关系代词who(B选项);第二步:定语从句you gave me中缺少宾语,when作时间状语、whose作定语,均不符合,需用指代物且作宾语的关系代词which,故答案为A。
【答案】
①B ②A
【知识点】
定语从句、一般过去时、被动语态
【点评】
本题为英语基础语法题,综合考查时态判断、被动语态及定语从句关系词的用法,需掌握时间状语对应时态的规则,以及定语从句中先行词、关系词的匹配逻辑,属于学生应熟练掌握的知识点。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先明确两道题均考查英语语法中的时态语态与定语从句用法。第①题需先根据时间状语确定时态,再结合定语从句的语态要求选答案;第②题需根据先行词的属性及定语从句的成分要求选择关系词。
【解析】
① 第一步:句中时间状语last night(昨晚)提示动作发生在过去,主从句均需用一般过去时,因此排除A(hears,一般现在时)、D(hears,一般现在时)选项;第二步:第二空为定语从句,先行词a song与动词sing是被动关系,需用一般过去时的被动语态was sung,故答案为B。
② 第一步:先行词the toy car指物,可先排除指人的关系代词who(B选项);第二步:定语从句you gave me中缺少宾语,when作时间状语、whose作定语,均不符合,需用指代物且作宾语的关系代词which,故答案为A。
【答案】
①B ②A
【知识点】
定语从句、一般过去时、被动语态
【点评】
本题为英语基础语法题,综合考查时态判断、被动语态及定语从句关系词的用法,需掌握时间状语对应时态的规则,以及定语从句中先行词、关系词的匹配逻辑,属于学生应熟练掌握的知识点。
【难度系数】
0.6
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