五、完形填空
字数: 280 体裁: 记叙文 核心素养: 思维品质
话题: 朱宇的故事 难度: 难 建议用时: 7分钟
Zhu Yu, a survivor(幸存者) of Sichuan's terrible Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008, saw her gaokao dream . In 2022, she was admitted (录取) to the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Zhu her left leg in the disaster when she was only 5. She was in an art class at a preschool the earthquake hit Wenchuan. Houses fell down and Zhu was injured.
When she was sent to the hospital, doctors found her left leg was . At that time, there were still aftershocks(余震) following the main quake. Doctors risked their own lives to cut her left leg so her could be saved.
on the hospital bed, Zhu didn't know what amputation(截肢) meant, she just smiled. From then on, Zhu began to on prosthesis(假肢).
In 2021, Zhu took the gaokao and her score was than the admission line of some universities, but she chose to prepare for the next year's .
After a year's hard work, Zhu got her and was admitted to her favourite university with a score of 571. "I've been waiting for so long. It is preparing for the exam for the second time," Zhu wrote on her WeChat Moments.
When asked why she was so in her study of medicine, she said, "My grandpa is a doctor in my village. He tried best to help the villagers in need. He was a real hero in my heart. To become a doctor was always my dream, after what I've experienced. I want to help more people in need."
1. A. make sure B. come true
C. stick to D. show up
2. A. lost B. found
C. treated D. repaired
3. A. if B. because
C. when D. but
4. A. badly B. quietly C. hardly D. easily
5. A. short B. saved
C. broken D. long
6. A. leg B. arm C. head D. life
7. A. Sleeping B. Playing
C. Lying D. Watching
8. A. jump B. walk C. run D. bow
9. A. higher B. lower C. fewer D. more
10. A. exam B. study C. lesson D. subject
11. A. story B. wish C. way D. style
12. A. necessary B. worth
C. wise D. thankful
13. A. interested B. rich
C. successful D. weak
14. A. he B. him
C. himself D. his
15. A. luckily B. however
C. especially D. lastly

五、【文章大意】本文主要讲述了2008年四川汶川大地震中的幸存者朱宇在经历变故后,依然努力考上自己心仪院校的励志故事。
1. B [解析]考查动词短语辨析。句意:2008年四川汶川大地震中的幸存者朱宇看到了她的高考梦想成真了。make sure确保;come true实现,成真;stick to坚持;show up出现。结合后文“In 2022, she was admitted(录取) to the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.”可知,此处表示她的高考梦想成真了。故选B。
2. A [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:朱宇在这场灾难中失去了左腿,当时她只有5岁。lose失去;find找到;treat治疗;repair修理。根据“Zhu... her left leg in the disaster”可知,此处应是表示在灾难中失去了左腿。故选A。
3. C [解析]考查连词辨析。句意:汶川发生地震时,她正在幼儿园里上美术课。if如果,是否;because因为;when当……时;but但是。根据“She was in an art class at a preschool... the earthquake hit Wenchuan.”可知,此空应是when引导时间状语从句,表示地震发生时。故选C。
4. A [解析]考查副词辨析。句意:房屋倒塌,朱宇受了重伤。badly严重地;quietly安静地;hardly几乎不;easily容易地。根据“Houses fell down and Zhu was... injured.”可知,朱宇应是受伤很严重。故选A。
5. C [解析]考查形容词辨析。句意:当她被送到医院时,医生发现她的左腿骨折了。short短的;saved获救的;broken伤残的,破碎的;long长的。结合下文“Doctors risked their own lives to cut her left leg...”可知,此处“doctors found her left leg was...”应是表示她的左腿已骨折。故选C。
6. D [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:医生冒着生命危险切断了她的左腿,这样她的生命才得以挽救。leg腿;arm手臂;head头;life生命。根据“to cut her left leg so her... could be saved”可知,截肢应是为了救命,此空应是life符合语境。故选D。
7. C [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:躺在病床上的朱宇并不知道截肢意味着什么,她只是笑了笑。sleep睡觉;play玩;lie躺;watch看。根据“... on the hospital bed, Zhu didn't know what amputation(截肢) meant, she just smiled.”可知,此处“... on the hospital bed”应是表示躺在病床上。故选C。
8. B [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:从那时起,朱宇便开始用假肢走路。jump跳;walk走路;run跑;bow鞠躬。根据“From then on, Zhu began to... on prosthesis(假肢).”可知,此处应是表示用假肢走路。故选B。
9. A [解析]考查形容词比较级。句意:2021年,朱宇参加了高考,并且她的分数高于一些大学的录取分数线。higher更高的;lower更低的;fewer更少的;more更多的。结合后文“In 2021, Zhu took the gaokao and her score was... than the admission line of some universities, but she chose to prepare for the next year's...”可知,but表示转折,表示虽然朱宇在2021年的高考分数高于一些大学的录取分数线,但她选择准备下一年的高考。故选A。
10. A [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:但她选择准备下一年的考试。exam考试;study学习;lesson课程;subject科目。结合前文“In 2021, Zhu took the gaokao and her score was... than the admission line of some universities”可知,此处“she chose to prepare for the next year's...”表示她准备下一年的高考。故选A。
11. B [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:经过一年的努力学习,朱宇如愿以偿,以571的成绩被她最喜爱的大学录取了。story故事;wish愿望;way路,方法;style风格。结合后文“was admitted to her favourite university with a score of 571”可知,此处“Zhu got her...”可知,此处应是表示她“如愿以偿”,get one's wish如愿以偿。故选B。
12. B [解析]考查形容词辨析。句意:为第二次考试做准备是值得的。necessary必要的;worth值得的,有价值的;wise明智的;thankful感激的。根据“It is... preparing for the exam for the second time”可知,此处可用be worth doing sth意为“值得做某事”。故选B。
13. A [解析]考查形容词辨析。句意:当被问及为什么对学习医学如此感兴趣时,她说:“我爷爷是村里的一名医生……”。interested感兴趣的;rich富有的;successful成功的;weak虚弱的。结合下文“My grandpa is a doctor in my village...”可知,此处应是表示她对医学感兴趣。故选A。
14. D [解析]考查代词辨析。句意:他尽他最大的努力去帮助有需要的村民。he他(主格);him他(宾格);himself他自己;his他的。根据“tried... best”可知,此处是try one's best,意为“尽某人最大的努力”,应填形容词性物主代词his。故选D。
15. C [解析]考查副词辨析。句意:成为医生一直是我的梦想,尤其是在我经历这些事后。luckily幸运地;however然而;especially尤其;lastly最后。根据“To become a doctor was always my dream... after what I've experienced.”可知,此空应是especially,表示强调,符合语境。故选C。

【分析】
做完形填空需遵循“通读全文把握主旨→逐空结合语境分析→验证答案”的思路：首先通读全文，明确文章讲述汶川地震幸存者朱宇历经截肢后坚持备考，最终考上心仪中医药大学的励志故事，把握核心情感与逻辑；接着针对每个空，结合上下文语境、词汇辨析（动词、副词、连词等）、固定搭配逐一分析选项，比如第1题结合后文“被录取”判断是梦想实现，第2题结合地震灾难语境判断失去左腿，以此类推；最后验证所选答案是否符合文章整体逻辑与语境。
【解析】
1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：2008年四川汶川大地震中的幸存者朱宇看到了她的高考梦想成真了。make sure确保；come true实现，成真；stick to坚持；show up出现。结合后文“In 2022, she was admitted to the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.”可知，此处表示她的高考梦想成真了。故选B。
2. 考查动词辨析。句意：朱宇在这场灾难中失去了左腿，当时她只有5岁。lose失去；find找到；treat治疗；repair修理。根据“Zhu... her left leg in the disaster”可知，此处应是表示在灾难中失去了左腿。故选A。
3. 考查连词辨析。句意：汶川发生地震时，她正在幼儿园里上美术课。if如果，是否；because因为；when当……时；but但是。根据“She was in an art class at a preschool... the earthquake hit Wenchuan.”可知，此空应是when引导时间状语从句，表示地震发生时。故选C。
4. 考查副词辨析。句意：房屋倒塌，朱宇受了重伤。badly严重地；quietly安静地；hardly几乎不；easily容易地。根据“Houses fell down and Zhu was... injured.”可知，朱宇应是受伤很严重。故选A。
5. 考查形容词辨析。句意：当她被送到医院时，医生发现她的左腿骨折了。short短的；saved获救的；broken伤残的，破碎的；long长的。结合下文“Doctors risked their own lives to cut her left leg...”可知，此处“doctors found her left leg was...”应是表示她的左腿已骨折。故选C。
6. 考查名词辨析。句意：医生冒着生命危险切断了她的左腿，这样她的生命才得以挽救。leg腿；arm手臂；head头；life生命。根据“to cut her left leg so her... could be saved”可知，截肢应是为了救命，此空应是life符合语境。故选D。
7. 考查动词辨析。句意：躺在病床上的朱宇并不知道截肢意味着什么，她只是笑了笑。sleep睡觉；play玩；lie躺；watch看。根据“... on the hospital bed, Zhu didn't know what amputation(截肢) meant, she just smiled.”可知，此处“... on the hospital bed”应是表示躺在病床上。故选C。
8. 考查动词辨析。句意：从那时起，朱宇便开始用假肢走路。jump跳；walk走路；run跑；bow鞠躬。根据“From then on, Zhu began to... on prosthesis(假肢).”可知，此处应是表示用假肢走路。故选B。
9. 考查形容词比较级。句意：2021年，朱宇参加了高考，并且她的分数高于一些大学的录取分数线。higher更高的；lower更低的；fewer更少的；more更多的。结合后文“In 2021, Zhu took the gaokao and her score was... than the admission line of some universities, but she chose to prepare for the next year's...”可知，but表示转折，表示虽然朱宇在2021年的高考分数高于一些大学的录取分数线，但她选择准备下一年的高考。故选A。
10. 考查名词辨析。句意：但她选择准备下一年的考试。exam考试；study学习；lesson课程；subject科目。结合前文“In 2021, Zhu took the gaokao and her score was... than the admission line of some universities”可知，此处“she chose to prepare for the next year's...”表示她准备下一年的高考。故选A。
11. 考查名词辨析。句意：经过一年的努力学习，朱宇如愿以偿，以571的成绩被她最喜爱的大学录取了。story故事；wish愿望；way路，方法；style风格。结合后文“was admitted to her favourite university with a score of 571”可知，此处“Zhu got her...”可知，此处应是表示她“如愿以偿”，get one's wish如愿以偿。故选B。
12. 考查形容词辨析。句意：为第二次考试做准备是值得的。necessary必要的；worth值得的，有价值的；wise明智的；thankful感激的。根据“It is... preparing for the exam for the second time”可知，此处可用be worth doing sth意为“值得做某事”。故选B。
13. 考查形容词辨析。句意：当被问及为什么对学习医学如此感兴趣时，她说：“我爷爷是村里的一名医生……”。interested感兴趣的；rich富有的；successful成功的；weak虚弱的。结合下文“My grandpa is a doctor in my village...”可知，此处应是表示她对医学感兴趣。故选A。
14. 考查代词辨析。句意：他尽他最大的努力去帮助有需要的村民。he他(主格)；him他(宾格)；himself他自己；his他的。根据“tried... best”可知，此处是try one's best，意为“尽某人最大的努力”，应填形容词性物主代词his。故选D。
15. 考查副词辨析。句意：成为医生一直是我的梦想，尤其是在我经历这些事后。luckily幸运地；however然而；especially尤其；lastly最后。根据“To become a doctor was always my dream... after what I've experienced.”可知，此空应是especially，表示强调，符合语境。故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧；词汇辨析；固定搭配
【点评】
本文是一篇励志记叙文，讲述汶川地震幸存者朱宇历经截肢磨难后，坚持备考高考并最终考上心仪中医药大学的故事，考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力、词汇（动词、副词、连词、代词等）的辨析运用能力及固定搭配的掌握，需结合文章情感与逻辑推理，难度较高。
【难度系数】
0.2

六、任务型阅读
极端天气——热浪是长期的自然灾害。全社会需要共同努力，保护环境才可以
让世界变得更好。
字数: 313 体裁: 说明文 核心素养: 思维品质
话题: 热浪问题 难度: 中 建议用时: 6分钟
Summer 2022 was a hard time for many. Huge heat waves(热浪) swept across European countries and parts of China. They brought extreme(极端) high temperatures and drought(干旱).
Europe has experienced its hottest summer since 1979. In Spain, temperatures quickly increased past $40° C$ and it was one of the hottest summers on record. In Italy and Greece, temperatures hit $38° C$ or more. Europe also experienced its most serious drought in the past 500 years. The dry conditions led to wildfires. The lack of rainfall caused water shortages(缺乏). As a result, water uses became a big problem. Back in China, similar things happened in the summer. Heat waves hit many places across the country. Chongqing's highest temperature reached $45° C$, breaking its historical record. In August, more than 20 forest fires happened in the area.
Heat waves are more harmful than you might expect. If people stay in high temperatures for too long, the heat will harm their bodies and make people feel sick, pass out or even die. During the 2003 heat wave in Europe, about 70,000 people died. Besides this, heat waves make some infectious diseases(传染病) even more serious.
What caused the extreme weather event? Scientists said climate change was likely to be the reason. Countries and organizations are taking
action to deal with it. The European Union has set its goal to achieve net-zero emissions(净零排放) by 2050. China also has the goal of peaking carbon dioxide emissions(碳排放达到峰值) before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality(碳中和) before 2060. Many countries have carried out policies(政策), like supporting green energy and making more efficient(高效的) use of energy.
任务1:阅读短文,选择最佳选项。
1. What happened in Summer 2022 in the passage?
A. The world faced the highest temperatures in history.
B. Some infectious diseases broke out(爆发) in Europe.
C. Huge heat waves swept across European countries and parts of China.
D. Many people died because of heat waves.
2. ＜中考新考法＞细节多选 From the passage, what problems did heat waves bring?
①infectious diseases ②high temperatures
③drought ④heavy rain
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ①④
3. ＜中考新考法＞短语理解 The underlined phrase "pass out" probably means in Chinese.
A. 去世 B. 经过 C. 流汗 D. 晕倒
任务2:阅读短文,回答问题。
4. What might cause the extreme weather event according to the passage?

5. ＜中考新考法＞推断文章主旨 What's the passage mainly about?

六、【文章大意】本文介绍了巨大的热浪带来的问题以及各个国家和组织为此所做的努力。
1. C [解析]细节理解题。根据“Huge heat waves(热浪) swept across European countries and parts of China.”可知,巨大的热浪席卷了欧洲国家和中国部分地区。故选C。
2. B [解析]细节理解题。根据“They brought extreme(极端) high temperatures and drought(干旱).”可知,热浪带来了极端高温和干旱。故选B。
3. D [解析]词义猜测题。根据“If people stay in high temperatures for too long, the heat will harm their bodies and make people feel sick, pass out or even die.”可知,如果人们在高温中待得太久,热量会伤害他们的身体,此处pass out介于恶心和死亡之间,选项D“晕倒”符合语境。故选D。
4. Climate change. 5. Heat waves brought serious problems and countries and organizations are trying to deal with them.

【分析】
本题为关于热浪问题的说明文任务型阅读，包含细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意等题型。解题思路：1. 细节理解题需精准定位原文对应语句，对比选项排除干扰项；2. 词义猜测题需结合上下文语境，分析词汇在句中的逻辑递进关系；3. 主旨大意题需梳理全文核心内容，明确文章围绕“热浪的危害及应对措施”展开。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“Huge heat waves(热浪) swept across European countries and parts of China.”可知，2022年夏天热浪席卷欧洲多国和中国部分地区，对应选项C。A选项“全球历史最高温”与原文“欧洲自1979年以来最热”不符；B选项“欧洲爆发传染病”是热浪的后续影响，并非2022年夏天直接发生的事件；D选项“大量人员死亡”是2003年欧洲热浪的情况，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“They brought extreme(极端) high temperatures and drought(干旱).”可知，热浪带来极端高温和干旱，对应②③，故选B。①传染病是热浪的间接影响，④大雨与原文干旱相反，均排除。
3. 词义猜测题：划线短语“pass out”位于“make people feel sick”和“even die”之间，逻辑上是高温对身体危害程度的递进，“晕倒”介于“生病”和“死亡”之间，符合语境，故选D。
4. 细节理解题：根据原文第四段“Scientists said climate change was likely to be the reason.”可知，极端天气的可能原因是气候变化，故答案为Climate change.
5. 主旨大意题：全文先介绍2022年热浪的情况及危害，再说明极端天气的原因，最后阐述各国和组织的应对措施，核心是“热浪带来严重问题，各国及组织正努力应对”，故答案为Heat waves brought serious problems and countries and organizations are trying to deal with them.
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.Climate change. 5.Heat waves brought serious problems and countries and organizations are trying to deal with them.
【知识点】
细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为中考任务型阅读，涵盖多种常考题型，考查学生信息定位、语境理解及主旨归纳能力，符合中考新考法要求，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6