1.「2024河南中考」计算$(\underbrace{a· a· ··· · a}_{a个})^3$的结果是(
A.$a^5$
B.$a^6$
C.$a^{a+3}$
D.$a^{3a}$
D
)A.$a^5$
B.$a^6$
C.$a^{a+3}$
D.$a^{3a}$
答案
原式=$(a^a)^3=a^{3a}$.故选D.
2.「2026广东惠州期中」下列计算正确的是(
A.$(-a^n)^2 = a^{n+2}$
B.$(a^4)^4 = (a^2)^8$
C.$(a^4)^4 = a^4 · a^4$
D.$(-a^5)^4 = (-a^4)^5$
B
)A.$(-a^n)^2 = a^{n+2}$
B.$(a^4)^4 = (a^2)^8$
C.$(a^4)^4 = a^4 · a^4$
D.$(-a^5)^4 = (-a^4)^5$
答案
$(-a^n)^2=a^{2n};(a^4)^4=a^{16}=(a^2)^8;(a^4)^4=a^{16},a^4·a^4=a^8,\therefore (a^4)^4≠ a^4·a^4;(-a^5)^4=(a^4)^5≠(-a^4)^5$.故选B.
3.「2026山东德州期中」如果$a+3b-2=0$,那么$3^a × 27^b$的值为
9
.答案
$\because a+3b-2=0,\therefore a+3b=2$,
$\therefore 3^a×27^b=3^a×(3^3)^b=3^{a+3b}=3^2=9$.故答案为9.
$\therefore 3^a×27^b=3^a×(3^3)^b=3^{a+3b}=3^2=9$.故答案为9.
4.计算:
(1)$(a^3)^2 · (a^4)^3 + (a^2)^5$.
(2)$2x^4 + x^2 + (x^3)^2 -5x^6$.
(3)$-(x^3)^4 + 3× (x^2)^4 · x^4$.
(1)$(a^3)^2 · (a^4)^3 + (a^2)^5$.
(2)$2x^4 + x^2 + (x^3)^2 -5x^6$.
(3)$-(x^3)^4 + 3× (x^2)^4 · x^4$.
答案
(1)原式=$a^6·a^{12}+a^{10}=a^{18}+a^{10}$.
(2)原式=$2x^4+x^2+x^6-5x^6=-4x^6+2x^4+x^2$.
(3)原式=$-x^{12}+3×x^8·x^4=-x^{12}+3x^{12}=2x^{12}$.
(2)原式=$2x^4+x^2+x^6-5x^6=-4x^6+2x^4+x^2$.
(3)原式=$-x^{12}+3×x^8·x^4=-x^{12}+3x^{12}=2x^{12}$.
5.「2025山东临沂质检」给出下列等式:①$a^{2m}=(a^2)^m$;②$a^{2m}=(a^m)^2$;③$a^{2m}=(-a^m)^2$;④$a^{2m}=(-a^2)^m$.
其中正确的有(
A.1个
B.2个
C.3个
D.4个
其中正确的有(
C
)A.1个
B.2个
C.3个
D.4个
答案
①$a^{2m}=(a^2)^m$,正确;②$a^{2m}=(a^m)^2$,正确;③$a^{2m}=(-a^m)^2$,正确;④当m为奇数时不成立,故④错误.故正确的有①②③,共3个.故选C.
6.「2026上海浦东新区期中」已知$2^a = x$,$2^b = y$,则$2^{2a+3b} =$
$x^2y^3$
(用含$x$和$y$的式子表示)答案
$\because 2^a=x,2^b=y$,
$\therefore 2^{2a+3b}=2^{2a}×2^{3b}=(2^a)^2×(2^b)^3=x^2y^3$.
$\therefore 2^{2a+3b}=2^{2a}×2^{3b}=(2^a)^2×(2^b)^3=x^2y^3$.
7.已知$x^{2n}=2$,则$(x^{3n})^2 - 3(x^2)^{2n} =$
-4
.答案
原式=$x^{6n}-3x^{4n}=(x^{2n})^3-3(x^{2n})^2$,
$\because x^{2n}=2,\therefore$原式=$2^3-3×2^2=-4$.
$\because x^{2n}=2,\therefore$原式=$2^3-3×2^2=-4$.
8.「2025吉林中考」计算$(2a^2)^3$的结果为(
A.$2a^5$
B.$2a^6$
C.$8a^5$
D.$8a^6$
D
)A.$2a^5$
B.$2a^6$
C.$8a^5$
D.$8a^6$
答案
$(2a^2)^3=2^3·(a^2)^3=8a^6$.故选D.
9. 学科 特色 数形结合思想 「2026辽宁大连期末」下列各图中,能直观地解释“$(3a)^2=9a^2$”的是(

C
)答案
A中图形的面积为$a·3a=3a^2$;B中图形的面积为$3×3a=9a$;C中图形的面积为$(3a)^2=9a^2$;D中图形的面积为$(3×3)×3a=27a$.故选C.
10.「2026河北邯郸月考」计算$(-5×10^{4})^{3}$的结果,并用科学记数法表示为
$-1.25×10^{14}$
.答案
$(-5×10^4)^3=(-5)^3×(10^4)^3=-125×10^{12}=-1.25×10^{14}$.
11. 学科特色教材变式 计算:
(1)$(-2m^{2}n)^{6}+(-3m^{4}n^{2})^{3}.$
(2)$2x· x^{2}· x^{3}+(-3x^{2})^{3}+(-2x^{3})^{2}.$
(1)$(-2m^{2}n)^{6}+(-3m^{4}n^{2})^{3}.$
(2)$2x· x^{2}· x^{3}+(-3x^{2})^{3}+(-2x^{3})^{2}.$
答案
(1)原式=$(-2)^6·m^{12}n^6+(-3)^3·m^{12}n^6$
$=64m^{12}n^6-27m^{12}n^6$
$=37m^{12}n^6$.
(2)原式=$2x^6-27x^6+4x^6=-21x^6$.
$=64m^{12}n^6-27m^{12}n^6$
$=37m^{12}n^6$.
(2)原式=$2x^6-27x^6+4x^6=-21x^6$.
12.已知$3^{x+1} · 2^{x+1} = 36^{x-2}$,则$x$的值是
5
。答案
$\because 3^{x+1}·2^{x+1}=(3×2)^{x+1}=6^{x+1},36^{x-2}=(6^2)^{x-2}=6^{2x-4},\therefore 6^{x+1}=6^{2x-4},\therefore x+1=2x-4$,解得$x=5$.
13.计算:(1)$8^{2027}×(-0.125)^{2027}$.(2)$(\dfrac{12}{5})^{2025}×$
$^{2026}×(\dfrac{1}{2})^{2027}$.
答案
(1)原式=$(-8×0.125)^{2027}=-1$.
(2)原式=$(-\dfrac{12}{5}×\dfrac{5}{6}×\dfrac{1}{2})^{2025}×(-\dfrac{5}{6})×(\dfrac{1}{2})^2$
$=-1×(-\dfrac{5}{6})×\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{5}{24}$.
(2)原式=$(-\dfrac{12}{5}×\dfrac{5}{6}×\dfrac{1}{2})^{2025}×(-\dfrac{5}{6})×(\dfrac{1}{2})^2$
$=-1×(-\dfrac{5}{6})×\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{5}{24}$.
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