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五、（2025·苏州高新区实验初中二模）阅读表达
词数：321 体裁：记叙文 核心素养：语言能力
话题：人生如水 难度：难 建议用时：8分钟
Life is like water
There was a man who couldn't achieve his ambition. So he was recommended to visit a sage(圣人).
The sage silently scooped up the water and asked, “What is the shape of the water?” The sage poured the water into a glass before the man could answer. The man answered, “I know water is like a glass.” The sage said nothing and poured the water into the vase nearby. The man realized it, “I know water is like a vase.” The sage shook his head, gently carried the vase in both hands and poured the water into a pot filled with sand. The clear water disappeared into the sand.
The sage said, “Look, the water died away like this. This is a lifetime!”
The man said happily, “I know you want to tell me that the society is like various containers. So people should be like water. When you are in a certain container, you will become its shape and nothing can change!”
“Yes and no,” the sage said. The sage went out of the house, followed by the man. Under the eaves(屋檐), the sage bent over, touched the flagstone steps for a while and stopped. The man reached out his hand to where the sage had just touched and felt a concave(凹面), but he didn't know what secret the concave in the flagstone steps hid.
The sage said, “On rainy days, the rainwater would fall from the eaves, so the concave is the result the water falls.”
The man got inspired(启发) suddenly. He said, “I understand people may be put into the regular containers, but they should be like the little drop of water, holing the hard flagstones until changing the containers.”
The sage said, “Right. This concave will turn into a hole!”
Life is like water, so we must adapt(适应) to the environment and we should try to change the environment to realize our own value.
1. How did the sage inspire the man?
2. What can you learn from the passage?
3. 新考法 开放式谈看法 What do you think of the sage? Why?
词数：321 体裁：记叙文 核心素养：语言能力
话题：人生如水 难度：难 建议用时：8分钟
Life is like water
There was a man who couldn't achieve his ambition. So he was recommended to visit a sage(圣人).
The sage silently scooped up the water and asked, “What is the shape of the water?” The sage poured the water into a glass before the man could answer. The man answered, “I know water is like a glass.” The sage said nothing and poured the water into the vase nearby. The man realized it, “I know water is like a vase.” The sage shook his head, gently carried the vase in both hands and poured the water into a pot filled with sand. The clear water disappeared into the sand.
The sage said, “Look, the water died away like this. This is a lifetime!”
The man said happily, “I know you want to tell me that the society is like various containers. So people should be like water. When you are in a certain container, you will become its shape and nothing can change!”
“Yes and no,” the sage said. The sage went out of the house, followed by the man. Under the eaves(屋檐), the sage bent over, touched the flagstone steps for a while and stopped. The man reached out his hand to where the sage had just touched and felt a concave(凹面), but he didn't know what secret the concave in the flagstone steps hid.
The sage said, “On rainy days, the rainwater would fall from the eaves, so the concave is the result the water falls.”
The man got inspired(启发) suddenly. He said, “I understand people may be put into the regular containers, but they should be like the little drop of water, holing the hard flagstones until changing the containers.”
The sage said, “Right. This concave will turn into a hole!”
Life is like water, so we must adapt(适应) to the environment and we should try to change the environment to realize our own value.
1. How did the sage inspire the man?
The sage used water as an example.
2. What can you learn from the passage?
We must adapt to the environment and we should try to change the environment to realize our own value.
3. 新考法 开放式谈看法 What do you think of the sage? Why?
The sage is very wise because he uses the water as an example to tell the man that he should adopt to the environment. (开放性试题，言之有理即可)
答案
五、［文章大意］本文通过展示一名男子与圣人的对话，揭示了人生如水的哲理。
1. The sage used water as an example.
2. We must adapt to the environment and we should try to change the environment to realize our own value.
3. The sage is very wise because he uses the water as an example to tell the man that he should adopt to the environment. (开放性试题，言之有理即可)
［素养考向］本文主要考查学生的语言能力、思维品质和文化意识，通过“人生如水”的哲理故事，引导学生理解适应环境与坚守自我价值的辩证关系，培养积极的人生态度和正确的价值观，提升在复杂情境中进行思辨与表达的能力。
1. The sage used water as an example.
2. We must adapt to the environment and we should try to change the environment to realize our own value.
3. The sage is very wise because he uses the water as an example to tell the man that he should adopt to the environment. (开放性试题，言之有理即可)
［素养考向］本文主要考查学生的语言能力、思维品质和文化意识，通过“人生如水”的哲理故事，引导学生理解适应环境与坚守自我价值的辩证关系，培养积极的人生态度和正确的价值观，提升在复杂情境中进行思辨与表达的能力。
解析
【分析】首先通读全文，理解“人生如水”的哲理故事内容；第1题需定位圣人启发男子的方式，找到文中圣人以水为媒介的相关事例；第2题提取文章主旨句，明确核心哲理；第3题为开放性试题，结合圣人的启发方式（用具体事例而非直接说教）进行评价，言之有理即可。
【解析】1. 圣人通过用水作为例子，先后展示水在不同容器中的形态、滴水穿石的现象，启发男子领悟人生哲理；2. 文章最后一段直接点明主旨，即我们必须适应环境，同时应努力改变环境以实现自身价值；3. 开放性问题，可结合圣人善于用具体事例启发他人、而非直接说教的特点，评价其智慧，表述合理即可。
【答案】1. The sage used water as an example. 2. We must adapt to the environment and we should try to change the environment to realize our own value. 3. The sage is very wise because he uses the water as an example to tell the man that he should adapt to the environment. (开放性试题，言之有理即可)
【知识点】记叙文阅读理解、主旨大意、开放性表达题
【点评】本题以哲理记叙文为载体，考查学生的阅读理解、信息提取及思辨表达能力，引导学生领悟适应与改变的辩证关系，树立正确价值观，符合核心素养要求。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 圣人通过用水作为例子，先后展示水在不同容器中的形态、滴水穿石的现象，启发男子领悟人生哲理；2. 文章最后一段直接点明主旨，即我们必须适应环境，同时应努力改变环境以实现自身价值；3. 开放性问题，可结合圣人善于用具体事例启发他人、而非直接说教的特点，评价其智慧，表述合理即可。
【答案】1. The sage used water as an example. 2. We must adapt to the environment and we should try to change the environment to realize our own value. 3. The sage is very wise because he uses the water as an example to tell the man that he should adapt to the environment. (开放性试题，言之有理即可)
【知识点】记叙文阅读理解、主旨大意、开放性表达题
【点评】本题以哲理记叙文为载体，考查学生的阅读理解、信息提取及思辨表达能力，引导学生领悟适应与改变的辩证关系，树立正确价值观，符合核心素养要求。
【难度系数】0.6
