一、完形填空 热考内容 传统文化 KEY→P5
范畴:人与自我 主题:自我提升 体裁:记叙文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:8分钟 评价:/10
It is true that hard workers are always fighting against the attraction of sleep. The allusion(典故) xuan liang ci gu, which means tying one's hair to the house beam(房梁) and stabbing one's thigh(大腿) with a sharp tool, tells 1 stories about the hard experience of keeping awake.
In the Han Dynasty, there was a 2 politician named Sun Jing, who really enjoyed studying, even in the 3. In case he fell asleep when reading at night, Sun 4 a special way that would help him. He tied his hair to the beam while 5. Then, if he felt sleepy, his hair would be pulled upward by the rope and the 6 would wake him up.
Before you are 7 by Sun's action, the story of Su Qin, another celebrated man who lived in the Warring States Period, is more shocking. According to Strategies of the Warring States(《战国策》), when Su was young, he 8 so many times to get a governmental position that he even let his family down. So he 9 to work harder. When he felt sleepy at night, he used a sharp tool to stab at his thigh so that he would become awake and focus on reading again.
10, Su's hard work was rewarded. Finally, he realized his dream and became successful. Then, people joined Su's story and Sun's and created the allusion xuan liang ci gu. At present, although we are not supposed to follow their actions, their amazing spirits are still meaningful and encouraging.
()1. A. two B. three C. four D. five
()2. A. lucky B. famous C. polite D. poor
()3. A. morning B. afternoon C. evening D. daytime
()4. A. joined in B. heard from C. thought of D. made sure
()5. A. sleeping B. reading C. eating D. resting
()6. A. sound B. hair C. pain D. light
()7. A. excited B. satisfied C. ashamed D. surprised
()8. A. failed B. cried C. tried D. fell
()9. A. regretted B. decided C. agreed D. preferred
()10. A. Directly B. Correctly C. Exactly D. Certainly

完形填空
短文主要讲述了孙敬和苏秦“悬梁刺股”的故事。他们刻苦的精神至今仍鼓舞着人们。
1. A 根据下文内容可知，该典故涉及两个人的故事。
2. B 根据下文中 another celebrated man 可知孙敬和苏秦都是历史上非常著名的人物。
3. C 根据 In case he fell asleep when reading at night 可知，他即使在夜里也会学习。
4. C 根据“He tied his hair to the beam while ...”可知，他想出了这个办法。
5. B 根据 In case he fell asleep when reading at night 可知，他在读书时将头发系在房梁上。
6. C 根据 his hair would be pulled upward by the rope 可知，头发被往上拉会产生疼痛感。
7. D 根据“the story of Su Qin ... was more shocking”可知，此处指对孙敬的举动感到惊讶。
8. A 根据 he even let his family down 可知他多次失败。
9. B 苏秦谋求官职经历多次失败，因此他决定更加努力。
10. D 根据 he realized his dream and became successful 可知，他的努力是有回报的。certainly 无疑。

【分析】做完形填空需先通读全文，把握文章主旨（本文围绕“悬梁刺股”典故，讲述孙敬、苏秦刻苦学习的故事）；再逐题分析，结合上下文语境、词汇含义及用法、逻辑关系等线索，逐一排除错误选项，选出最符合文意的答案。
【解析】
1. A 下文提到孙敬和苏秦两个人的故事，可知“悬梁刺股”涉及两个故事，故选A。
2. B 由下文“another celebrated man”可知，孙敬是著名的政治家，故选B。
3. C 根据后文“In case he fell asleep when reading at night”可知，他即使在夜里也学习，故选C。
4. C 他为防止读书时睡着，想出了把头发系在房梁的办法，think of表示“想出”，故选C。
5. B 结合前文“reading at night”可知，他读书时把头发系在房梁上，故选B。
6. C 头发被绳子向上拉会产生疼痛感，从而让他清醒，故选C。
7. D 根据后文“the story of Su Qin... was more shocking”可知，此处指对孙敬的举动感到惊讶，故选D。
8. A 由后文“let his family down”可知，苏秦多次谋求官职失败，故选A。
9. B 苏秦多次失败后，决定更加努力学习，故选B。
10. D 苏秦的努力最终获得了回报，certainly表示“无疑，当然”，符合语境，故选D。
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.D
【知识点】完形填空、词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】本文是围绕传统文化典故“悬梁刺股”展开的记叙文，主题为自我提升，既考查学生的完形填空解题能力，又传递了刻苦学习的精神，帮助学生积累传统文化知识，难度适中，适合学生练习。
【难度系数】0.4

二、阅读理解
A 新模态 复合型文本 KEY→P5
范畴:人与自然 主题:热爱自然 体裁:应用文 难度:★★★ 建议用时:5分钟 评价:/3
Here's an experiment.

()1. The small rocks soaked are put into the refrigerator to keep the rocks .
A. fresh B. frozen C. longer D. more beautiful
()2. 新考法·信息排序 What is the RIGHT order in which a mountain is torn down into sand?
① Water freezes. ② Water expands. ③ The rocks are turned into sand.
④ The rocks chip slowly. ⑤ Water goes into cracks in the rocks.
A. ②⑤①③④ B. ②①⑤④③ C. ⑤④①②③ D. ⑤①②④③
()3. The information mainly tells us .
A. how sand forms
B. the force of nature is not huge
C. a simple force can tear down huge mountains
D. why rocks soaked are put into the refrigerator

阅读理解
A
材料通过一个冰箱冷冻岩石的实验说明了小力量也可以摧毁大山的道理。
1. B 推理判断题。根据实验步骤及常识可推知，把经过水浸泡的岩石放进冰箱里，目的是让其冷冻。
2. D 信息排序题。阅读“What will happen?”部分下的信息可知，首先水进入岩石的裂缝里，接着水结冰、膨胀，然后岩石慢慢碎裂，最后变成沙子。
3. C 主旨大意题。材料通过冰箱冷冻岩石的实验解释了岩石如何变成沙子，其目的是告诉我们小力量能摧毁大山的道理。

【分析】
本题是一篇关于自然力量的实验类应用文，包含三道不同题型的题目：第1题是推理判断题，需结合实验步骤和原理判断操作目的；第2题是信息排序题，需定位文本中岩石被风化的过程并梳理正确顺序；第3题是主旨大意题，需把握文本核心观点。
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：根据实验步骤2“Put them into the bag. Seal the bag and put the bag in the refrigerator.”及后续原理“Water expands when it freezes and the rocks slowly chip.”可知，将浸泡后的岩石放入冰箱是为了让水结冰，即让岩石冷冻，故选B。
2. 信息排序题：定位文本“What will happen?”部分，岩石被风化的正确顺序为：⑤水进入岩石裂缝→①水结冰→②水膨胀→④岩石慢慢碎裂→③岩石变成沙子，对应选项D。
3. 主旨大意题：文本开头点明“Here is a simple force that is powerful enough to tear down huge mountains.”，并通过冷冻岩石的实验举例说明，核心是阐述简单力量可摧毁大山的道理，故选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. D 3. C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、信息排序、主旨归纳
【点评】
本题结合实验文本考察学生的信息提取、逻辑梳理和主旨理解能力，贴合常见英语阅读考法，能帮助学生理解自然现象背后的科学原理。
【难度系数】
0.6