用所给词的适当形式完成下面语段
1. As a young , I try to many useful life skills at home. I to tidy my room and help with housework. Every can grow fast if they keep practising every single day. (learn)
2. The clever spent years trying to a helpful tool. After plenty of tests, he finished his amazing . It made people’s daily work much easier and quickly became popular around the whole country. (invent)
3. A group of scientists an old town and many ancient things. So the government planned to found (建立) a museum there. Their latest show how people lived hundreds of years ago. They bring people lots of new knowledge about the past. (find)
4. Tom and John joined a hiking club with their friends. One day, the guide led to walk through a forest. They prepared food and water all by . The trip taught to care for teammates(队友) and enjoy the quiet beauty of nature along the way. (they)

1. learner；learn；learn；learner
2. inventor；invent；invention
3. found；findings
4. them；themselves；them；their

【分析】
本题考查用所给词的适当形式填空，需结合句子成分、词性要求、固定搭配及时态等判断单词的正确形式：
1. 第一空：形容词young后需接表示人的名词，故用learner；第二空：try to do sth是固定搭配，用动词原形learn；第三空：主语是I，一般现在时，用动词原形learn；第四空：every后接名词，结合句意指人，用learner。
2. 第一空：形容词clever后接表示人的名词，用inventor；第二空：try to do sth，用动词原形invent；第三空：形容词amazing后接名词，用invention。
3. 第一空：句子缺谓语，结合语境用find的过去式found；第二空：latest后接名词，用findings（常用复数表示调查结果）。
4. 第一空：动词led后接宾格，用them；第二空：by oneself是固定搭配，用反身代词themselves；第三空：动词taught后接宾格，用them；第四空：修饰名词teammates用形容词性物主代词their。
【解析】
1. 第一空：learn的名词形式learner（学习者），符合“年轻的学习者”；第二空：try to do sth，填learn；第三空：主语I，一般现在时，动词原形learn；第四空：every后接名词learner，符合“每个学习者”。
2. 第一空：invent的名词形式inventor（发明家）；第二空：try to do sth，填invent；第三空：invent的名词形式invention（发明物）。
3. 第一空：find的过去式found（发现），作谓语；第二空：findings（发现物，调查结果），符合“最新发现”。
4. 第一空：they的宾格them，作led的宾语；第二空：by themselves（他们自己）；第三空：taught后接宾格them；第四空：their（他们的），修饰teammates。
【答案】
1. learner；learn；learn；learner
2. inventor；invent；invention
3. found；findings
4. them；themselves；them；their
【知识点】
词性转换、人称代词、物主代词
【点评】
本题为基础词形转换题，考察学生对英语中不同词性在句子中的运用，以及固定搭配、时态的掌握，是英语学习的核心基础题型，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6

1. against
() ①She stands against the tall tree and reads a book.
() ②Most people are against this plan.
() ③We wear hats and gloves against cold in winter.
() ④We should fight against bad habits in our daily life.
A. prep. 反对；与……相反；逆
B. prep. 紧靠；倚着
C. prep. 预防；抵御
2. guide
() ①This guide book tells us many places of interest.
() ②The guide shows visitors around the old town.
() ③ My teacher guides me in learning English well.
() ④ Parents should guide their kids in forming good habits.
A. n. 导游；向导
B. n. 指南；手册
C. v. 指引；指导

1. BACA
2. BACC

【分析】本题需结合具体语境判断单词的含义及对应词性，再匹配选项。对于against，要区分“紧靠”“反对”“抵御”的不同语境；对于guide，要区分名词“指南/导游”和动词“指引/指导”的用法。
【解析】1. ①句中stands against the tall tree表示“靠在树上”，对应B（prep. 紧靠；倚着）；②句中are against this plan表示“反对计划”，对应A（prep. 反对；与……相反；逆）；③句中against cold表示“抵御寒冷”，对应C（prep. 预防；抵御）；④句中fight against bad habits表示“对抗坏习惯”，对应A。故1题答案为BACA。2. ①句中guide book是“指南手册”，对应B（n. 指南；手册）；②句中The guide shows visitors是“导游带游客”，对应A（n. 导游；向导）；③句中guides me是动词“指导我”，对应C（v. 指引；指导）；④句中should guide their kids是动词“指引孩子”，对应C。故2题答案为BACC。
【答案】1. BACA 2. BACC
【知识点】介词词义辨析、名词动词词义辨析
【点评】本题考查常用单词的多义用法，需结合语境判断单词的含义和词性，属于基础词汇题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6