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新素材 机器人装“猫眼” Cats are known for their amazing vision in both bright light and darkness. During the day, up-and-down crack-like pupils(瞳孔) help them focus and cut down on the bright light that might bother them. At night, their pupils widen to let in more light. And there’s a shiny layer(层) that makes their night vision(视力) better, giving their eyes that familiar light.
A team of Korean researchers headed by Professor Young Min Song from GIST made a new vision system. This system uses a fancy lens(镜头) and sensors that were inspired by cat eyes. There’s a part in it like a cat’s up-and-down pupil. It helps to remove unnecessary light and focus on key objects. The system also uses a special shiny layer similar to the one found in cats’ eyes. This layer makes it easier to see things when there’s not much light.
This research was published in the journal Science Advances on September 18, 2024. It’s a big step forward for artificial vision systems. The system can now recognize objects better, putting it among the top technological breakthroughs in self-controlled robotics.
“Robotic cameras often try hard to recognize objects in busy or hidden backgrounds, especially when lighting conditions change. Our design solves this by letting robots remove out unnecessary details and focus on important objects,” explains Professor Song. This method has the extra benefit, that is, it just relies on the design of the lens rather than on heavy computer processing which would need to operate at a very high power setting to deal with the required tasks.
This new technology is really amazing as it opens up great possibilities for real-life uses and changes how robotic vision works. The advanced vision system can make unmanned planes, security robots, and self-driving cars much safer. This helps them move around in complex places easily and do tasks much more correctly than before. Professor Song said, “From search-and-rescue work to watching over industries, these new high-tech robotic eyes are all set to help humans or even take their place in many important situations.”
1. What can we learn about the cats’ eyes from Paragraph 1?
A. They can change accordingly.
B. They perform better at night.
C. They can not focus well during the day.
D. They have pupils of the same size all day.
2. What is a special shiny layer in a new vision system used to do?
A. Make it more like cats’ up-and-down pupil.
B. Improve the ability to see clearly in poor light.
C. Help to deal with the unnecessary light.
D. Let this new system be welcomed warmly.
3. What extra advantage does this new technology have?
A. It’s more reliable.
B. It’s user-friendly.
C. It’s more powerful.
D. It’s energy-saving.
4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. What the scientists will study next.
B. Where the new technology can be used.
C. How the new technology changes robots.
D. Humans will be replaced by the new technology.
A team of Korean researchers headed by Professor Young Min Song from GIST made a new vision system. This system uses a fancy lens(镜头) and sensors that were inspired by cat eyes. There’s a part in it like a cat’s up-and-down pupil. It helps to remove unnecessary light and focus on key objects. The system also uses a special shiny layer similar to the one found in cats’ eyes. This layer makes it easier to see things when there’s not much light.
This research was published in the journal Science Advances on September 18, 2024. It’s a big step forward for artificial vision systems. The system can now recognize objects better, putting it among the top technological breakthroughs in self-controlled robotics.
“Robotic cameras often try hard to recognize objects in busy or hidden backgrounds, especially when lighting conditions change. Our design solves this by letting robots remove out unnecessary details and focus on important objects,” explains Professor Song. This method has the extra benefit, that is, it just relies on the design of the lens rather than on heavy computer processing which would need to operate at a very high power setting to deal with the required tasks.
This new technology is really amazing as it opens up great possibilities for real-life uses and changes how robotic vision works. The advanced vision system can make unmanned planes, security robots, and self-driving cars much safer. This helps them move around in complex places easily and do tasks much more correctly than before. Professor Song said, “From search-and-rescue work to watching over industries, these new high-tech robotic eyes are all set to help humans or even take their place in many important situations.”
1. What can we learn about the cats’ eyes from Paragraph 1?
A. They can change accordingly.
B. They perform better at night.
C. They can not focus well during the day.
D. They have pupils of the same size all day.
2. What is a special shiny layer in a new vision system used to do?
A. Make it more like cats’ up-and-down pupil.
B. Improve the ability to see clearly in poor light.
C. Help to deal with the unnecessary light.
D. Let this new system be welcomed warmly.
3. What extra advantage does this new technology have?
A. It’s more reliable.
B. It’s user-friendly.
C. It’s more powerful.
D. It’s energy-saving.
4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. What the scientists will study next.
B. Where the new technology can be used.
C. How the new technology changes robots.
D. Humans will be replaced by the new technology.
答案
时文阅读
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项由韩国研究团队开发的新型视觉系统，灵感来自猫眼。该系统通过模仿猫的瞳孔结构，改善机器人在曝光及低光环境中的视觉表现。
1. A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“During the day, up-and-down crack-like pupils help them focus and cut down on the bright light that might bother them. At night, their pupils widen to let in more light.”可知，白天，猫的瞳孔变小，帮助它们集中注意力，晚上，它们的瞳孔变大，让更多的光线进来。由此可推知，猫的眼睛具有调节性，可以做出相应的改变。故选A。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The system also uses a special shiny layer similar to the one found in cats' eyes. This layer makes it easier to see things when there's not much light.”可知，这种特殊的闪光层使得系统在没有多少光线的时候更容易看到东西。故选B。
3. D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This method has the extra benefit, that is, it just relies on the design of the lens rather than on heavy computer processing which would need to operate at a very high power setting to deal with the required tasks.”可知，额外的好处是它依赖于镜头的设计，而不是依靠繁重的计算机处理。由此可推知，这项新技术额外的优势是节能。故选D。
4. B 段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段介绍了新技术为现实生活应用带来巨大的可能性，改变了机器人视觉方式，使无人机、安全机器人和自动驾驶汽车更安全、高效。宋教授称这些高科技机器人视觉可辅助甚至取代人类在许多重要领域的工作。所以本段的主要内容是介绍了这项新技术的应用。故选B。
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项由韩国研究团队开发的新型视觉系统，灵感来自猫眼。该系统通过模仿猫的瞳孔结构，改善机器人在曝光及低光环境中的视觉表现。
1. A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“During the day, up-and-down crack-like pupils help them focus and cut down on the bright light that might bother them. At night, their pupils widen to let in more light.”可知，白天，猫的瞳孔变小，帮助它们集中注意力，晚上，它们的瞳孔变大，让更多的光线进来。由此可推知，猫的眼睛具有调节性，可以做出相应的改变。故选A。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The system also uses a special shiny layer similar to the one found in cats' eyes. This layer makes it easier to see things when there's not much light.”可知，这种特殊的闪光层使得系统在没有多少光线的时候更容易看到东西。故选B。
3. D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This method has the extra benefit, that is, it just relies on the design of the lens rather than on heavy computer processing which would need to operate at a very high power setting to deal with the required tasks.”可知，额外的好处是它依赖于镜头的设计，而不是依靠繁重的计算机处理。由此可推知，这项新技术额外的优势是节能。故选D。
4. B 段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段介绍了新技术为现实生活应用带来巨大的可能性，改变了机器人视觉方式，使无人机、安全机器人和自动驾驶汽车更安全、高效。宋教授称这些高科技机器人视觉可辅助甚至取代人类在许多重要领域的工作。所以本段的主要内容是介绍了这项新技术的应用。故选B。
解析
【分析】
本题为英语时文阅读理解，共4道题，涵盖细节理解、推理判断、段落大意三类题型。解题思路：①第1题需定位第一段中猫瞳孔在昼夜的变化，通过原文信息推理猫眼睛的特性；②第2题直接定位第二段中特殊闪光层的功能，匹配原文与选项；③第3题定位第四段提及的“额外优势”，对比选项得出结论；④第4题梳理最后一段的核心内容，概括其主旨为新技术的应用场景。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“During the day, up-and-down crack-like pupils help them focus and cut down on the bright light... At night, their pupils widen to let in more light”可知，猫的瞳孔会随光线变化调整，说明眼睛能相应改变，故选A。
2. 第2题：根据第二段“This layer makes it easier to see things when there's not much light”可知，特殊闪光层用于改善弱光下的视力，故选B。
3. 第3题：根据第四段“it just relies on the design of the lens rather than on heavy computer processing which would need to operate at a very high power setting”可知，无需高功率的计算机处理，即节能，故选D。
4. 第4题：最后一段介绍了新技术在无人机、安全机器人、自动驾驶汽车等领域的应用，核心是其应用场景，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文是一篇关于仿生机器人视觉系统的时文阅读，贴近科技热点，考查学生的信息定位、推理判断和段落概括能力，题目设置常规，注重对原文细节的把握。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语时文阅读理解，共4道题，涵盖细节理解、推理判断、段落大意三类题型。解题思路：①第1题需定位第一段中猫瞳孔在昼夜的变化，通过原文信息推理猫眼睛的特性；②第2题直接定位第二段中特殊闪光层的功能，匹配原文与选项；③第3题定位第四段提及的“额外优势”，对比选项得出结论；④第4题梳理最后一段的核心内容，概括其主旨为新技术的应用场景。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“During the day, up-and-down crack-like pupils help them focus and cut down on the bright light... At night, their pupils widen to let in more light”可知，猫的瞳孔会随光线变化调整，说明眼睛能相应改变，故选A。
2. 第2题：根据第二段“This layer makes it easier to see things when there's not much light”可知，特殊闪光层用于改善弱光下的视力，故选B。
3. 第3题：根据第四段“it just relies on the design of the lens rather than on heavy computer processing which would need to operate at a very high power setting”可知，无需高功率的计算机处理，即节能，故选D。
4. 第4题：最后一段介绍了新技术在无人机、安全机器人、自动驾驶汽车等领域的应用，核心是其应用场景，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文是一篇关于仿生机器人视觉系统的时文阅读，贴近科技热点，考查学生的信息定位、推理判断和段落概括能力，题目设置常规，注重对原文细节的把握。
【难度系数】
0.7
