四、首字母填空
KEY→P11
范畴:人与自然 主题:生态特征 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 评价:/10
根据短文意思和首字母提示,写出一个完整正确的单词。
An ecosystem is a lively community of living things and their non-living environment. In a healthy one, all small living things d 1 on each other to stay alive, and the whole system stays balanced—some are small like a garden, and some are as h 2 as a rainforest.
Tropical rainforests near the equator(赤道) have warm and wet w 3 , which helps plants grow fast. T 4 of living things live here, and many are rare—they can't s 5 anywhere else.
The wetland is p 6 for young fish. Lots of animals lay eggs here because it's a safe place with lots of food. Small insects fly around, making it a great place for insect-eating animals.
The tundra(苔原) is very cold and w 7 , but polar bears can get used to it well. They have s 8 skills to stand the freezing wind, showing how living things fit in with their living places.
We must be aware of the i 9 of ecosystems and keep them safe. Taking small a 10 can help keep these living things' homes safe, letting nature stay lively and full of different things.
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首字母填空
本文介绍了不同类型的生态系统及其特点，并呼吁大家保护生态环境。
1. depend 根据首字母d和on each other可知，此处为固定短语depend on(依靠)。
2. huge 根据首字母h和“some are small ... and some are as ... as a rainforest”的对比可知，此处表示“巨大的”。
3. weather 根据首字母w和warm and wet可知，此处指“天气”。
4. Thousands 根据首字母T和of living things可知，此处为固定短语thousands of。
5. survive 根据首字母s和“many are rare—they can't ... anywhere else”可知，此处表示“生存”，指许多珍稀物种不能在其他地方生存。
6. perfect 根据首字母p和it's a safe place with lots of food可知，此处表示“完美的”。
7. windy 根据首字母w和the freezing wind可知，苔原是极寒且“多风的”。
8. special 根据首字母s和skills to stand the freezing cold可知，此处表示“特殊的”。
9. importance 根据首字母i和“be aware of the ... of ecosystems”可知，此处表示“重要性”。
10. actions 根据首字母a和“Taking small ...”可知，此处表示采取小行动，填actions。

五、(2026·名师原创)语法填空
KEY→P11
范畴:人与自然 主题:自然环境 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:8分钟 评价:/10
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhalong National Nature Reserve is a wetland reserve in Heilongjiang Province, China. It was set up in 1979. In April 1987, it became a 1(nation) nature reserve. It is known as a "natural park" for birds and especially waterfowl (水禽). It is one of the world's 2(important) wetlands. The reserve covers an area of about 2,100 $\mathrm{km}^2$.
It is an ideal home for different kinds of 3(plant), fish and birds. Many birds live comfortably in Zhalong National Nature Reserve all year round, 4 some only stay there for a short time. There are many fish in the wetlands, and the birds can 5(easy) catch them for food.

Zhalong is called "the home of the crane". It is 6 important living area for the rare red-crowned cranes. Reed marshes(芦苇荡) and sedge(莎草) are home 7 the red-crowned crane. Reeds can grow to 1 to 3 metres tall. It is hard for people to go into these areas. This 8(give) these valuable water birds safe places to live and have babies. Every spring and summer, red-crowned cranes 9(lay) and hatch(孵化) their eggs in Zhalong.
In addition, the area is home to many other water birds, such as 10(goose), ducks and gulls(海鸥). There are also grassland birds like demoiselle cranes. In all, there are more than 260 kinds of birds here.
——文章选自 Top China Travel
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语法填空
本文介绍了黑龙江扎龙国家级自然保护区，它是重要湿地与鸟类天然公园，为多种植物、鱼类和鸟类，尤其是丹顶鹤提供了理想的生存环境，对保护珍稀鸟类意义重大。
1. national 修饰名词短语nature reserve，用形容词。nation为名词，其形容词为national，意为“国家的”。
2. most important “one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”。important为多音节词，最高级加most。
3. plants 这里different kinds of后接可数名词复数，意为“各种各样的植物”。
4. but/while 前后句意转折，一些鸟常年居住，但是一些只短暂停留。
5. easily 修饰动词catch，用副词形式，easily意为“容易地”。
6. an 这里important以元音音素开头，用an修饰，表示“一个重要的栖息地”。
7. to 短语“be home to ...”表示“……的家园/栖息地”。
8. gives 主语This为单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
9. lay 主语red-crowned cranes为复数，时态为一般现在时，用动词原形。
10. geese 与ducks、gulls并列，用goose的复数形式geese。