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三、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1. I said to
2. After the earthquake, some people were
3. After the illness, Lucy felt even
4. The teachers had to raise their
5. The mother
信息还原
1. I said to
myself
(me) that I should study harder for the exam.2. After the earthquake, some people were
trapped
(trap) under the bricks.3. After the illness, Lucy felt even
weaker
(weak) than before.4. The teachers had to raise their
voices
(voice) to make sure everyone could hear them.5. The mother
calmed
(calm) the baby down by playing soft music last night.信息还原
答案
1. myself
2. trapped
3. weaker
4. voices
5. calmed
2. trapped
3. weaker
4. voices
5. calmed
解析
【分析】本题为英语词汇形式填空题，需结合句子结构、固定搭配、语法规则（如被动语态、比较级、时态、名词单复数、反身代词）对括号内单词变形。第1题考查固定短语“say to oneself”，需用反身代词；第2题考查被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”；第3题由“than”判断用形容词比较级；第4题由“their”判断用名词复数；第5题由时间状语“last night”判断用一般过去时。
【解析】1. 固定搭配“say to oneself”表示“自言自语”，主语为I，故填反身代词myself；2. 句子为被动语态，结构“were+过去分词”，trap的过去分词为trapped，故填trapped；3. 句中出现比较级标志词than，形容词weak的比较级为weaker，故填weaker；4. 形容词性物主代词their后接可数名词复数，voice的复数为voices，故填voices；5. 时间状语last night表明用一般过去时，calm的过去式为calmed，故填calmed。
【答案】1. myself；2. trapped；3. weaker；4. voices；5. calmed
【知识点】反身代词；被动语态；形容词比较级；名词复数；一般过去时
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇变形，涉及多个核心语法点，属于基础题型，需掌握相关固定搭配和语法规则即可解答。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 固定搭配“say to oneself”表示“自言自语”，主语为I，故填反身代词myself；2. 句子为被动语态，结构“were+过去分词”，trap的过去分词为trapped，故填trapped；3. 句中出现比较级标志词than，形容词weak的比较级为weaker，故填weaker；4. 形容词性物主代词their后接可数名词复数，voice的复数为voices，故填voices；5. 时间状语last night表明用一般过去时，calm的过去式为calmed，故填calmed。
【答案】1. myself；2. trapped；3. weaker；4. voices；5. calmed
【知识点】反身代词；被动语态；形容词比较级；名词复数；一般过去时
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇变形，涉及多个核心语法点，属于基础题型，需掌握相关固定搭配和语法规则即可解答。
【难度系数】0.7
阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空格处的最佳选项，有一个多余选项。
Lightning is amazing, and it happens all over the world! It was once estimated that there were more than 8.6 million lightning strikes (袭击) every day in the world—about 100 strikes every second.
1
So, why does lightning strike? Lightning strikes happen when ice and water in clouds rub (摩擦) together, and cause changes in the air. 3
Lightning can strike in different places. It can strike inside a cloud, between two clouds, or between a cloud and the earth. 4
So, what should we do when lightning strikes? It’s best to stay inside a big building. 5
A. Lightning can also be very dangerous.
B. As we know, thunder comes after lightning.
C. The last one is the most dangerous for humans.
D. Between 1942 and 1977, lightning hit him seven times!
E. When this happens, it creates static charges (静电电荷).
F. To stay safe, do not stand under trees, near water or on hills.
1.
Lightning is amazing, and it happens all over the world! It was once estimated that there were more than 8.6 million lightning strikes (袭击) every day in the world—about 100 strikes every second.
1
A
Every year, it kills people. It can also start big fires. Sometimes, it gets as hot as 28,000℃. An American named Roy Sullivan worked in a park. He was hit by lightning many times and still lived. 2D
So, why does lightning strike? Lightning strikes happen when ice and water in clouds rub (摩擦) together, and cause changes in the air. 3
E
When the charges become too strong, we see a bright flash of lightning.Lightning can strike in different places. It can strike inside a cloud, between two clouds, or between a cloud and the earth. 4
C
Because we live on earth, and it’s easy for lightning to hit us, our houses, or other things on the ground. In the United States, about 200 people are hit by lightning every year, and around 20 of them die.So, what should we do when lightning strikes? It’s best to stay inside a big building. 5
F
Lightning likes to hit tall things like trees. Water can carry electricity well. Standing on a hill makes you an easy target (目标). Also, don’t lie on the ground. Electricity can go through you and you may be badly hurt.A. Lightning can also be very dangerous.
B. As we know, thunder comes after lightning.
C. The last one is the most dangerous for humans.
D. Between 1942 and 1977, lightning hit him seven times!
E. When this happens, it creates static charges (静电电荷).
F. To stay safe, do not stand under trees, near water or on hills.
1.
A
2. D
3. E
4. C
5. F
答案
1.A 2.D 3.E 4.C 5.F
解析
【分析】这是一道英语选词填空题，解题思路为：1. 通读全文，把握文章主旨（介绍闪电的相关知识及安全注意事项）；2. 逐个分析每个空格前后的语境，结合选项的语义和逻辑关系，匹配最恰当的句子；3. 注意有一个多余选项，需排除不符合语境的选项（本题多余选项为B，因B提及雷声，与全文内容无关）。具体到每个空，需结合前后句的衔接逻辑选择。
【解析】1. 空格后提到闪电每年致人死亡、引发火灾，说明闪电具有危险性，选项A“闪电也可能非常危险”能承接上文对闪电数量的介绍，引出其危害，故选A。
2. 空格前介绍Roy Sullivan被多次闪电击中仍存活，选项D“1942到1977年间，闪电击中了他7次”是对“多次被击中”的具体举例，承接上文，故选D。
3. 空格前说明闪电发生的原因是云内冰和水摩擦，空格后提到电荷过强产生闪电，选项E“当这种情况发生时，会产生静电电荷”衔接了摩擦与电荷的逻辑，故选E。
4. 空格前列举闪电击中的不同位置，空格后说明对人类的影响，选项C“最后一种对人类最危险”对应前文提到的“云与地之间”的闪电，衔接上下文，故选C。
5. 空格前询问闪电时的安全做法，空格后列举了危险的地点，选项F“为了安全，不要站在树下、水边或山上”符合安全建议的语境，故选F。
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.E 4.C 5.F
【知识点】英语阅读理解、选词填空
【点评】本题考查学生的英语语篇理解能力与逻辑衔接能力，需结合上下文语境判断句子的连贯性，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】1. 空格后提到闪电每年致人死亡、引发火灾，说明闪电具有危险性，选项A“闪电也可能非常危险”能承接上文对闪电数量的介绍，引出其危害，故选A。
2. 空格前介绍Roy Sullivan被多次闪电击中仍存活，选项D“1942到1977年间，闪电击中了他7次”是对“多次被击中”的具体举例，承接上文，故选D。
3. 空格前说明闪电发生的原因是云内冰和水摩擦，空格后提到电荷过强产生闪电，选项E“当这种情况发生时，会产生静电电荷”衔接了摩擦与电荷的逻辑，故选E。
4. 空格前列举闪电击中的不同位置，空格后说明对人类的影响，选项C“最后一种对人类最危险”对应前文提到的“云与地之间”的闪电，衔接上下文，故选C。
5. 空格前询问闪电时的安全做法，空格后列举了危险的地点，选项F“为了安全，不要站在树下、水边或山上”符合安全建议的语境，故选F。
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.E 4.C 5.F
【知识点】英语阅读理解、选词填空
【点评】本题考查学生的英语语篇理解能力与逻辑衔接能力，需结合上下文语境判断句子的连贯性，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】0.5
