一 用 who、what、where、that、if、whether 填空
1. Many experts believe using apps can make learning more efficient.
2. I wonder online courses are really as effective as classroom teaching.
3. She discovered taking short breaks improved her concentration.
4. Do you know to focus on one subject or switch between them?
5. The research shows regular review improves memory greatly.
6. I can't remember told me about this useful learning website.
7. Please explain the most effective way to prepare for exams is.
8. He hasn't decided he will study tonight—at home or in the library.
9. Scientists have found a positive attitude influences learning speed.
10. None of us knows these new dictionaries can be bought.

1. that
2. if/whether
3. that
4. whether
5. that
6. who
7. what
8. where
9. that
10. where

本题考查宾语从句引导词的用法：
1. that用于引导陈述含义的宾语从句，在从句中不充当成分、无实际含义，仅起连接作用，适用于表述确定事实的从句，第1、3、5、9题的从句均为结构完整、表述确定事实的陈述句，因此用that。
2. if和whether含义为“是否”，用于引导表不确定疑问含义的宾语从句，其中只有whether可以后接不定式结构，if无此用法：第2题表述“我想知道网课是否和课堂教学一样有效”，可用if/whether；第4题后接不定式结构，只能用whether。
3. who含义为“谁”，在从句中指代人、充当主语，第6题从句缺少指代人的主语“告诉我这个学习网站的人”，因此用who。
4. what含义为“什么”，在从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语，第7题从句缺少表语，表述“最有效的备考方式是什么”，因此用what。
5. where含义为“哪里”，在从句中充当地点状语，第8题表述“还没决定今晚在哪里学习”，第10题表述“不知道这些新字典能在哪里买到”，两句从句都缺少地点状语，因此用where。

二 请从方框中选择合适的选项，补全短文
The Wisdom of Tu Youyou
Tu Youyou's story teaches us about smart learning. Her team was trying to find a cure for malaria long ago. At first, 11 they could find it with modern
science. So, they tried to learn from the past 12. The work was hard. When people asked her about success, Tu Youyou once explained 13. She believed learning never stopped. Others also wondered 14 during tough times. She always looked at the big picture.
15 hard work and new ideas were important. After many years, her team found artemisinin(青蒿素). This made her believe that 16. 17 her idea still helps young scientists. She showed that wisdom connects old and new.
A. by studying old medical books
B. She always said that
C. they did not know whether
D. real success means helping others
E. It is amazing to see
F. what the key was
G. how she did it
11. 12. 13. 14.
15. 16. 17.

11. C
12. A
13. F
14. G
15. B
16. D
17. E

我们结合上下文语义和句子语法结构逐一匹配选项：
11. 空格后是宾语从句，结合“最初开展研究”的语境，C选项"they did not know whether"（他们不知道是否）符合逻辑，表达一开始团队不确定仅靠现代科学能否找到疟疾的治愈方法。
12. 前文提到“他们尝试从过去的经验中学习”，A选项"by studying old medical books"（通过研读古老的医学典籍）是对应的具体实现方式，语义通顺。
13. 前文提到人们向屠呦呦询问关于成功的问题，F选项"what the key was"（关键是什么）作explained的宾语，对应她向大家解释成功的关键所在。
14. 后文提到她在艰难时期始终着眼大局，G选项"how she did it"（她是如何做到的）符合语境，对应其他人好奇她如何在困境中坚持推进研究。
15. 空格后是陈述观点的内容“努力和新想法都很重要”，B选项"She always said that"（她总是说）可以自然衔接，引出屠呦呦的观点。
16. 前文提到团队多年后成功发现青蒿素，这件事让她产生相关感悟，D选项"real success means helping others"（真正的成功意味着帮助他人）是她得出的相关结论，语义匹配。
17. 后文提到她的理念至今仍在帮助年轻科学家，E选项"It is amazing to see"（令人惊喜的是）衔接语境，表达对她的智慧持续发挥价值的感慨。