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五、语法填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
The history of Chinese ink painting stretches back more than 3,000 years. It
In Japan, the artist's way of thinking and concept of beauty determine the finished piece
In Japan, the
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The history of Chinese ink painting stretches back more than 3,000 years. It
was introduced
1 (introduce) to Japan from China in 1185, and has been evolving ever since. Chinese ink painting is characterized by sharp outlines, while Japanese ink painting, called
2 (call) “sumie”, emphasizes color gradients and blurred strokes. Researchers have guessed that this came about due to
3 Chinese artists using hard water (high in minerals) for their works, while Japanese artists work with soft water (low in minerals).In Japan, the artist's way of thinking and concept of beauty determine the finished piece
which/that
4 should be simple, to the point, and not too realistic. A lot can be learned about an
5 artist by studying their works, including their personalities
6 (personal) and views on life. Every picture is a gateway to a small universe.In Japan, the
central
7 (center) bristles of calligraphy brushes are made from hard animal hair. These are surrounded by soft fibers such as wool, making
8 (make) it possible to paint thick, thin and sharp lines. In contrast, brushes for ink painting contain almost no hard hair, and are divided into several types
9 (type) with individual uses. You'll generally
10 (general) need a variety of brushes to create an authentic Japanese ink painting.1.
was introduced
2.
called
3.
to
4.
which/that
5.
an
6.
personalities
7.
central
8.
making
9.
types
10.
generally
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国和日本水墨画的历史及其不同特点。
1. was introduced 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,空处为谓语动词;根据时间状语“in 1185”可知,应用一般过去时;introduce和主语It之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态;主语是第三人称单数,be动词应用was。故填was introduced。
2. called 解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句谓语动词为emphasizes,故空处需填非谓语动词,call和Japanese ink painting之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
3. to 解析:考查介词。due to是固定短语,意为“因为,由于”。故填to。
4. which/that 解析:考查定语从句。句意:在日本,艺术家的思维方式和对美的概念决定了成品应该简单,切中要害,不要过于写实。空处引导限制性定语从句,从句缺主语,先行词是the finished piece,指物,应用which或that引导从句。故填which或that。
5. an 解析:考查冠词。单数名词artist前需用冠词来修饰,此处表示泛指,artist发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
6. personalities 解析:考查名词。根据their及and views可知,空处需填名词复数,表示“他们的个性”。故填personalities。
7. central 解析:考查形容词。根据bristles可知,空处需填形容词作定语,修饰名词。故填central。
8. making 解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句谓语动词为are surrounded,故空处需填非谓语动词,此处应用现在分词making作结果状语,表示These are surrounded by soft fibers such as wool所产生的自然而然的结果,即“使得它能够画出粗的、细的和尖锐的线条”。故填making。
9. types 解析:考查名词的数。根据several可知,空处需填名词复数。故填types。
10. generally 解析:考查副词。空处需填副词作状语,修饰动词need。故填generally。
1. was introduced 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,空处为谓语动词;根据时间状语“in 1185”可知,应用一般过去时;introduce和主语It之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态;主语是第三人称单数,be动词应用was。故填was introduced。
2. called 解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句谓语动词为emphasizes,故空处需填非谓语动词,call和Japanese ink painting之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
3. to 解析:考查介词。due to是固定短语,意为“因为,由于”。故填to。
4. which/that 解析:考查定语从句。句意:在日本,艺术家的思维方式和对美的概念决定了成品应该简单,切中要害,不要过于写实。空处引导限制性定语从句,从句缺主语,先行词是the finished piece,指物,应用which或that引导从句。故填which或that。
5. an 解析:考查冠词。单数名词artist前需用冠词来修饰,此处表示泛指,artist发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
6. personalities 解析:考查名词。根据their及and views可知,空处需填名词复数,表示“他们的个性”。故填personalities。
7. central 解析:考查形容词。根据bristles可知,空处需填形容词作定语,修饰名词。故填central。
8. making 解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句谓语动词为are surrounded,故空处需填非谓语动词,此处应用现在分词making作结果状语,表示These are surrounded by soft fibers such as wool所产生的自然而然的结果,即“使得它能够画出粗的、细的和尖锐的线条”。故填making。
9. types 解析:考查名词的数。根据several可知,空处需填名词复数。故填types。
10. generally 解析:考查副词。空处需填副词作状语,修饰动词need。故填generally。
