登录
阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空格处的最佳选项，有一个多余选项。
The old Chinese saying, "ruxiangsuisu", means "When in Rome, do as the Romans do." 1 This guide will help you understand Chinese dining customs.
1. Seating arrangement (安排). 2 At formal meals, guests should follow the host's seating plan. The seat facing the entrance (入口) is the most important and is usually reserved (预留) for the host or the guest of honour. The seat with its back to the entrance is for the co-host to have direct communication with others and to make sure the ordering of food goes smoothly. 3
2. Chopsticks rules. In China, where dishes are commonly shared, it is considered impolite to use personal chopsticks for serving food. Instead, dishes are often accompanied by communal serving chopsticks, known as "gongkuai". 4 Private chopsticks are black and are meant for personal use. Serving chopsticks are white and should be used for picking up food.
3. Compliments (赞美) throughout eating. Chinese hosts are good at making guests feel welcome. 5 And it helps strengthen relationships with Chinese friends. You should always try everything the host offers and give compliments on their hospitality (热情).
A. It is important to respect and understand local customs.
B. Other guests will be seated according to their status (身份).
C. Remember not to use chopsticks to move the bowl or plate.
D. In China, seating arrangements at meals are taken seriously.
E. Some restaurants now offer "private chopsticks and serving chopsticks".
F. Attending a dinner is a fantastic way to experience Chinese culture.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
The old Chinese saying, "ruxiangsuisu", means "When in Rome, do as the Romans do." 1 This guide will help you understand Chinese dining customs.
1. Seating arrangement (安排). 2 At formal meals, guests should follow the host's seating plan. The seat facing the entrance (入口) is the most important and is usually reserved (预留) for the host or the guest of honour. The seat with its back to the entrance is for the co-host to have direct communication with others and to make sure the ordering of food goes smoothly. 3
2. Chopsticks rules. In China, where dishes are commonly shared, it is considered impolite to use personal chopsticks for serving food. Instead, dishes are often accompanied by communal serving chopsticks, known as "gongkuai". 4 Private chopsticks are black and are meant for personal use. Serving chopsticks are white and should be used for picking up food.
3. Compliments (赞美) throughout eating. Chinese hosts are good at making guests feel welcome. 5 And it helps strengthen relationships with Chinese friends. You should always try everything the host offers and give compliments on their hospitality (热情).
A. It is important to respect and understand local customs.
B. Other guests will be seated according to their status (身份).
C. Remember not to use chopsticks to move the bowl or plate.
D. In China, seating arrangements at meals are taken seriously.
E. Some restaurants now offer "private chopsticks and serving chopsticks".
F. Attending a dinner is a fantastic way to experience Chinese culture.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案
A
D
B
E
F
D
B
E
F
解析
【解析】
1. 空1前引用“入乡随俗”的古语，后句提及指南帮助理解中国用餐习俗，A选项“尊重和理解当地习俗很重要”能自然衔接上下文，引出下文的用餐习俗指南，故选A。
2. 空2所在段落主题是座位安排，D选项“在中国，用餐时的座位安排是很受重视的”总起该段落，符合段落主旨，故选D。
3. 空3前介绍了主位和副主位的安排，B选项“其他客人会根据他们的身份就座”承接前文的座位安排细节，补充说明其他客人的座位规则，故选B。
4. 空4后分别介绍了私人筷子和公筷的颜色及用途，E选项“现在一些餐厅提供‘私筷和公筷’”引出下文对两种筷子的具体介绍，故选E。
5. 空5前讲用餐时的赞美，后句说明其对增进关系的作用，F选项“参加晚宴是体验中国文化的绝佳方式”衔接上下文，体现用餐的文化意义，同时呼应赞美能增进关系的内容，故选F。
【答案】
1. A；2. D；3. B；4. E；5. F
【知识点】
语篇衔接与逻辑；文化常识应用；完形填空解题技巧
【点评】
本题围绕中国用餐习俗展开，从座位安排、筷子使用、用餐时的赞美三个方面介绍餐桌礼仪，考查学生对语篇逻辑的把握能力与跨文化常识的理解，要求学生结合上下文语境选择合适语句，既提升阅读理解能力，也加深对中国传统文化的认知。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 空1前引用“入乡随俗”的古语，后句提及指南帮助理解中国用餐习俗，A选项“尊重和理解当地习俗很重要”能自然衔接上下文，引出下文的用餐习俗指南，故选A。
2. 空2所在段落主题是座位安排，D选项“在中国，用餐时的座位安排是很受重视的”总起该段落，符合段落主旨，故选D。
3. 空3前介绍了主位和副主位的安排，B选项“其他客人会根据他们的身份就座”承接前文的座位安排细节，补充说明其他客人的座位规则，故选B。
4. 空4后分别介绍了私人筷子和公筷的颜色及用途，E选项“现在一些餐厅提供‘私筷和公筷’”引出下文对两种筷子的具体介绍，故选E。
5. 空5前讲用餐时的赞美，后句说明其对增进关系的作用，F选项“参加晚宴是体验中国文化的绝佳方式”衔接上下文，体现用餐的文化意义，同时呼应赞美能增进关系的内容，故选F。
【答案】
1. A；2. D；3. B；4. E；5. F
【知识点】
语篇衔接与逻辑；文化常识应用；完形填空解题技巧
【点评】
本题围绕中国用餐习俗展开，从座位安排、筷子使用、用餐时的赞美三个方面介绍餐桌礼仪，考查学生对语篇逻辑的把握能力与跨文化常识的理解，要求学生结合上下文语境选择合适语句，既提升阅读理解能力，也加深对中国传统文化的认知。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、词汇运用
根据句意、中文释义和首字母提示，写出句中所缺单词。
1. The boy likes to (称呼) his mother as "Ms Chen" at school to show his respect.
2. Tom failed to get praise because of (表现) badly at school.
3. Letters from customers are not always (回复) to.
4. How to organize the talk on good manners is still under (讨论).
5. (欺骗) others will be punished seriously.
6. Don't trouble trouble until trouble (麻烦) you.
7. It takes some time to f understand the grammar point.
8. Seeing his old friend again, Tom gave him a big bear h.
9. Don't say yes to every request (要求). You should learn to r sometimes.
10. Her parents p her a new bicycle when she turned 12.
根据句意、中文释义和首字母提示，写出句中所缺单词。
1. The boy likes to (称呼) his mother as "Ms Chen" at school to show his respect.
2. Tom failed to get praise because of (表现) badly at school.
3. Letters from customers are not always (回复) to.
4. How to organize the talk on good manners is still under (讨论).
5. (欺骗) others will be punished seriously.
6. Don't trouble trouble until trouble (麻烦) you.
7. It takes some time to f understand the grammar point.
8. Seeing his old friend again, Tom gave him a big bear h.
9. Don't say yes to every request (要求). You should learn to r sometimes.
10. Her parents p her a new bicycle when she turned 12.
答案
call
behaving
replied
discussion
Cheating
troubles
ully
ug
efuse
resented
behaving
replied
discussion
Cheating
troubles
ully
ug
efuse
resented
解析
【解析】
1. 句意：这个男孩在学校喜欢称呼他妈妈为“陈女士”来表示尊敬。“称呼”对应英文call，like to后接动词原形，故填call。
2. 句意：汤姆因为在学校表现不好没能得到表扬。“表现”是behave，because of后接动名词形式，故填behaving。
3. 句意：客户的信件并不总是被回复。“回复”是reply，此处为被动语态，用过去分词replied。
4. 句意：如何组织关于礼貌的讲座还在讨论中。“讨论”的名词形式是discussion，under discussion为固定搭配，意为“在讨论中”。
5. 句意：欺骗他人会受到严厉惩罚。“欺骗”是cheat，此处作主语，用动名词形式Cheating，句首首字母大写。
6. 句意：不要自找麻烦，除非麻烦来找你。这是谚语，主语trouble为第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式troubles。
7. 句意：完全理解这个语法点需要一些时间。结合首字母f提示，填fully（完全地）。
8. 句意：再次见到老朋友，汤姆给了他一个大大的熊抱。bear hug为固定短语，结合首字母h提示，填hug。
9. 句意：不要对每个要求都答应。有时候你应该学会拒绝。结合首字母r提示和句意，填refuse。
10. 句意：当她12岁时，她父母送给她一辆新自行车。结合首字母p提示和过去时态，填presented。
【答案】
1. call
2. behaving
3. replied
4. discussion
5. Cheating
6. troubles
7. fully
8. hug
9. refuse
10. presented
【知识点】
动词形式变化、固定短语搭配、动名词用法
【点评】
本题考查词汇的灵活运用，涵盖动词原形、动名词、过去分词、名词等多种形式，同时结合固定短语和语境作答，既考查词汇积累，也考查语法运用能力，有助于提升学生的语言综合运用水平。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 句意：这个男孩在学校喜欢称呼他妈妈为“陈女士”来表示尊敬。“称呼”对应英文call，like to后接动词原形，故填call。
2. 句意：汤姆因为在学校表现不好没能得到表扬。“表现”是behave，because of后接动名词形式，故填behaving。
3. 句意：客户的信件并不总是被回复。“回复”是reply，此处为被动语态，用过去分词replied。
4. 句意：如何组织关于礼貌的讲座还在讨论中。“讨论”的名词形式是discussion，under discussion为固定搭配，意为“在讨论中”。
5. 句意：欺骗他人会受到严厉惩罚。“欺骗”是cheat，此处作主语，用动名词形式Cheating，句首首字母大写。
6. 句意：不要自找麻烦，除非麻烦来找你。这是谚语，主语trouble为第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式troubles。
7. 句意：完全理解这个语法点需要一些时间。结合首字母f提示，填fully（完全地）。
8. 句意：再次见到老朋友，汤姆给了他一个大大的熊抱。bear hug为固定短语，结合首字母h提示，填hug。
9. 句意：不要对每个要求都答应。有时候你应该学会拒绝。结合首字母r提示和句意，填refuse。
10. 句意：当她12岁时，她父母送给她一辆新自行车。结合首字母p提示和过去时态，填presented。
【答案】
1. call
2. behaving
3. replied
4. discussion
5. Cheating
6. troubles
7. fully
8. hug
9. refuse
10. presented
【知识点】
动词形式变化、固定短语搭配、动名词用法
【点评】
本题考查词汇的灵活运用，涵盖动词原形、动名词、过去分词、名词等多种形式，同时结合固定短语和语境作答，既考查词汇积累，也考查语法运用能力，有助于提升学生的语言综合运用水平。
【难度系数】
0.6
