二、语法填空
In the 1930s, the American people met two big problems. The land was very dry 16. many people had no jobs. This 17. (call) the Great Depression.
President Roosevelt made a new plan 18. (help). A big programme aimed to build dams and canals. Workers made many water projects. These 19. (give) larger water supplies to dry areas. 20. (they) work helped both people and nature. 21. (use) smart ideas, they made deserts green. What great changes they made!
22. plan gave jobs to many workers. A beautiful lake was formed behind each dam. Water was saved 23. dry seasons. Farmers used it for their crops. Food grew much 24. (good) with enough water. People had more to eat and new jobs. Families felt hopeful again.
This 25. (show) how to work with nature. Dry lands became farms and parks. Animals found new homes by water. Trees grew tall along the rivers. Children learnt to love nature.
We still remember this lesson today. Taking care of nature is important. People can live well with the earth.

16. and
17. was called 18. to help 19. gave
20. Their 21. Using 22. The 23. for
24. better 25. showed

【分析】首先通读全文，明确文章讲述20世纪30年代美国应对大萧条的相关举措，结合上下文语境和语法规则逐个分析空格：16题前后是两个并列问题，需用并列连词；17题主语指代前文情况，与动词是被动关系，结合过去时态确定形式；18题考查不定式作目的状语的用法；19题需用一般过去时，主语与动词是主动关系；20题修饰名词需用形容词性物主代词；21题用现在分词作方式状语表主动；22题特指前文计划需用定冠词；23题考查介词搭配；24题much修饰副词比较级；25题结合全文过去时态确定动词形式。
【解析】
16. 考查并列连词。空格前后是两个并列的名词性短语（两个问题），需用并列连词and连接，故填and。
17. 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语this指代前文“土地干燥、人们失业”的情况，与动词call是被动关系，描述过去的事情，故用was called。
18. 考查非谓语动词（不定式作目的状语）。make a plan to do sth是固定搭配，表“制定计划做某事”，此处表目的，故填to help。
19. 考查一般过去时。全文讲述过去的事，主语these指代water projects，与动词give是主动关系，故用give的过去式gave。
20. 考查形容词性物主代词。空格后是名词work，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，they对应的形容词性物主代词是Their，故填Their。
21. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词作方式状语）。主语they与动词use是主动关系，此处用现在分词作方式状语，故填Using。
22. 考查定冠词。此处特指前文提到的罗斯福制定的新计划，需用定冠词The，故填The。
23. 考查介词。save sth for sth是固定搭配，表“为...储备某物”，此处指“为旱季储备水”，故填for。
24. 考查副词比较级。much修饰比较级，good的副词形式是well，其比较级为better，故填better。
25. 考查一般过去时。全文时态为一般过去时，主语this指代前文举措，动词show用过去式showed，故填showed。
【答案】16. and 17. was called 18. to help 19. gave 20. Their 21. Using 22. The 23. for 24. better 25. showed
【知识点】并列连词的用法、动词的时态与语态、非谓语动词的用法
【点评】本题围绕历史话题考查初中英语核心语法知识点，涵盖连词、时态语态、非谓语、冠词、代词等，需结合语境和语法规则解题，是巩固基础语法的典型题型。
【难度系数】0.6

三、阅读理解
Spring is an exciting time of the year! Do you know there are many cool things about spring apart from just the warm weather?
During spring, the bad weather can be all over the place. That’s because warm air from the south and cold air from the north are fighting, making the weather really ▲. It’s like nature’s way of keeping us guessing!
Lots of baby animals are born in spring. They come into the world when they can get more time to oy the sunshine and warmer weather. Deer, squirrels, foxes, and even whales welcome their little ones during spring when food is easy to find.
Spring can make you feel much happier. As the weather gets warmer, your brain makes more serotonin(血清素)—something that makes you feel good.
That’s why people feel more positive when spring rolls around.
Do you know that spring doesn’t start at the same time everywhere? In the Northern Hemisphere(北半球), spring begins in March, but for people in the Southern Hemisphere, such as Australians, it starts in September.
So, while some people are enjoying spring, people in the other hemisphere are experiencing fall!
()26. Which word best fits the blank in the text?
A. clear
B. windy
C. changeable
D. beautiful
()27. Why are many baby animals born in spring?
A. Because they will have fewer enemies.
B. Because it is warm with more food.
C. Because they can sleep more at night.
D. Because they can spend more time with their parents.
()28. What’s the main purpose of this text?
A. To explain why there is warm weather in spring.
B. To explain why spring is an exciting time of the year.
C. To explain why people feel positive in spring.
D. To explain what people and animals do in spring.
词汇拓展 Can you guess the part of speech and the meaning of the underlined words in the passage(s) above?
29. supply:
30. form:

26.C 27.B 28.B
29. n. 供应 30. v. 形成

【分析】
26题需结合上下文判断天气特点：前文提到冷暖空气对抗，后文说“让我们猜不透”，说明天气多变，对应选项；27题定位原文幼崽出生的原因，找到关于天气和食物的描述；28题抓文章开头主旨句，判断写作目的；29、30题根据语境判断词汇的词性和词义。
【解析】
26题：由“warm air from the south and cold air from the north are fighting”及“keeping us guessing”可知，冷暖空气对抗使天气多变，A.clear（晴朗）、B.windy（有风）、D.beautiful（美丽）均不符合，C.changeable（多变的）正确，故选C。
27题：根据原文第二段“they can get more time to enjoy the sunshine and warmer weather... when food is easy to find”，可知幼崽春天出生是因为天气温暖且食物充足，A、C、D未提及，故选B。
28题：文章开篇点明“Spring is an exciting time of the year!”，后续内容围绕春天的天气、动物出生、人的情绪等展开，目的是解释春天为何令人兴奋，故选B。
29题：supply在此处为名词，意为“供应”；
30题：form在此处为动词，意为“形成”。
【答案】
26.C 27.B 28.B 29.n. 供应 30.v. 形成
【知识点】
英语阅读理解；细节理解；主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的核心能力，涵盖细节查找、主旨归纳及词汇理解，题型全面，难度适中，适合中等水平学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6