二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. We ate too much ice cream yesterday, so we all have a (stomach) today.
2. We should learn to look after (we) when our parents are not with us.
3. He has a high (fever) and his mother is worried about him.
4. She (cough) all night, so she didn't sleep well.
5. He avoided (tell) me the truth.
6. My knee (ache) on rainy days.

1. stomachache 2. ourselves 3. fever
4. coughed 5. telling 6. aches

【分析】
本题为英语词形填空题，需结合句子语境、语法规则（固定搭配、时态、反身代词、动名词用法等）对所给单词进行正确变形。解题时需先分析每个句子的结构和语境，再对应知识点选择合适的单词形式：
1. 第1题考查固定短语搭配；2. 第2题考查反身代词用法；3. 第3题考查固定短语；4. 第4题考查一般过去时；5. 第5题考查动名词固定搭配；6. 第6题考查一般现在时第三人称单数形式。
【解析】
1. 固定短语have a stomachache意为“肚子疼”，故将stomach变形为stomachache；
2. look after oneself表示“照顾自己”，主语为we，对应反身代词ourselves；
3. 固定搭配have a fever意为“发烧”，直接填fever；
4. 由后半句didn't sleep可知时态为一般过去时，cough的过去式为coughed；
5. avoid doing sth是固定用法，意为“避免做某事”，故将tell变为动名词telling；
6. 主语my knee为第三人称单数，且句子描述常态，用一般现在时，ache的第三人称单数形式为aches。
【答案】
1. stomachache 2. ourselves 3. fever 4. coughed 5. telling 6. aches
【知识点】
词形变化、固定搭配、动词时态
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词形转换，涉及常见固定短语、反身代词、不同时态及动名词用法，是英语学习的核心基础题型，需熟练掌握相关规则。
【难度系数】
0.7

三、用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。
see a dentist sore throat suffer from
be careless with press down
1. She her spelling and often makes mistakes.
2. Drinking warm water with honey helps when I have a .
3. I think you should if your toothache continues.
4. To start the machine, you need to this button firmly.
5. Many people back pain after sitting for long hours.

1. is careless with 2. sore throat 3. see a dentist
4. press down 5. suffer from

【分析】
首先明确各短语含义：see a dentist（看牙医）、sore throat（喉咙痛）、suffer from（遭受）、be careless with（对……粗心）、press down（按压）。再结合句子语境和语法规则（主谓一致、情态动词用法、固定搭配等）选择并调整短语形式：1. 主语是第三人称单数，结合“常犯拼写错误”的语境选对应短语并变形；2. 利用固定搭配have a + 疾病名词匹配语境；3. 情态动词should后接动词原形，结合牙痛场景选短语；4. need to后接动词原形，结合启动机器的动作选短语；5. 复数主语搭配一般现在时短语，结合背痛场景选短语。
【解析】
1. 句子主语为第三人称单数she，时态是一般现在时，短语be careless with表示“对……粗心”，符合“经常犯拼写错误”的语境，故填is careless with；
2. 固定搭配have a + 疾病类名词，sore throat意为“喉咙痛”，符合“喝蜂蜜温水有帮助”的语境，故填sore throat；
3. 句中should为情态动词，后接动词原形，牙痛时应看牙医，see a dentist意为“看牙医”，符合语境，故填see a dentist；
4. need to后接动词原形，启动机器需要按压按钮，press down意为“按压”，符合语境，故填press down；
5. 主语many people为复数，时态是一般现在时，suffer from意为“遭受”，符合“长时间坐后背痛”的语境，故填suffer from。
【答案】
1. is careless with 2. sore throat 3. see a dentist 4. press down 5. suffer from
【知识点】
动词短语运用；固定搭配；一般现在时
【点评】
本题考查常用动词短语的含义及正确形式、英语固定搭配和一般现在时的基本用法，属于基础题型，需结合句子语境和语法规则选择合适的短语，难度适中，多数学生可掌握。
【难度系数】
0.8

能力提升
四、阅读短文，选择最佳答案。
Most people have a body temperature of around 37 ℃. ▲ Some people have a normal temperature that is a little higher, while others have a normal temperature that is a little lower. Most people's body temperatures change a little bit during the whole day. It's usually a little lower in the morning and a little higher in the evening.
When a fever starts, your body will get hotter than usual at first, and then you may feel very cold even though the room isn't cold. It's very important for you to drink lots of water because your body loses more fluids when it has a fever.
Fever itself is often not a serious problem. When you have a fever, you should have a good rest and drink plenty of water. After a few hours, the fever may go away on its own. This is why many doctors agree that most people with a fever don't need to take special medicine unless the temperature is very high or they feel very unwell.
1. Which of the following can be put in " ▲ " in paragraph 1? ()
A. When people have a fever, it goes up.
B. People may get sick if they feel very cold.
C. Taking a temperature is not difficult for people.
D. In fact, there can be differences in normal temperature.
2. When a fever starts, what will happen first? ()
A. The body gets hotter than usual.
B. People feel very cold in a warm room.
C. There isn't enough water in the body.
D. There is a bad headache.
3. Why is it important to drink lots of water when having a fever? ()
A. To make the fever go away quickly.
B. To get enough water into the body.
C. To keep cool when feeling hot.
D. To help the medicine work better.
4. What do many doctors agree on about the fever? ()
A. People who get a fever must take special medicine at once.
B. The fever won't go away on its own.
C. People had better take medicine if they cough.
D. Most fevers don't need special medicine unless the temperature is very high.
5. What's the main purpose of the passage? ()
A. To tell people how to take body temperature.
B. To explain why people have different normal body temperatures.
C. To introduce some knowledge about the body temperature and fever.
D. To advise people to drink more water when they are ill.

1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C

【分析】
1. 第1题：需选填句，结合上下文逻辑，前文提及多数人体温约37℃，后文说明不同人正常体温有高低差异，空格处应承上启下说明正常体温存在差异，据此分析选项。
2. 第2题：为细节理解题，需定位原文中“发烧开始时首先发生的情况”的相关语句，直接匹配选项。
3. 第3题：为细节理解题，定位原文中“发烧时多喝水的原因”的表述，对应选项。
4. 第4题：为细节理解题，定位原文中“医生对发烧的观点”的内容，匹配选项。
5. 第5题：为主旨大意题，需通读全文，梳理核心内容，确定文章主要目的。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据上下文，前文说多数人体温约37℃，后文提到“有些人正常体温稍高，另一些稍低”，说明正常体温存在差异，对应选项D。A选项“发烧时体温上升”、B选项“感觉冷会生病”、C选项“测体温不难”均与上下文逻辑不符，故选D。
2. 第2题：定位原文第二段第一句“When a fever starts, your body will get hotter than usual at first”，明确发烧开始时首先身体比平时热，对应选项A。B是之后的感受，C、D未提及，故选A。
3. 第3题：定位原文第二段最后一句“because your body loses more fluids when it has a fever”，fluids指水分，说明发烧时身体流失更多水分，需补充，对应选项B。A、C、D与原因不符，故选B。
4. 第4题：定位原文第三段最后一句“most people with a fever don't need to take special medicine unless the temperature is very high or they feel very unwell”，对应选项D。A与原文相反，B、C未提及，故选D。
5. 第5题：通读全文，文章围绕正常体温的差异、发烧的表现及应对知识展开，核心是介绍体温和发烧的相关知识，对应选项C。A、B、D仅涉及部分内容，非主旨，故选C。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文是关于体温与发烧的科普类短文，题型涵盖细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意，解题需结合原文定位信息，理清上下文逻辑，整体难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7