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Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2分,共16分)
A
(眉山中考)What subject do you worry about the most at school? Many students worry about Maths. Some students can't sleep well the day before a Maths exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself. But there might be a way to make the subject less stressful(有压力的).
"For students who are worried about Maths, posture(姿势) makes a big difference," Erik Peper, a researcher from a university told Daily Mail. That's right—sitting up straight can help you do better in Maths exams.
Researchers tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a Maths exam while sitting in a slumped-over(趴倒的) position, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56% of the students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.
"Slumping over is a defensive(防备的) posture. It can bring out negative(消极的) memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly," Peper said.
Students who were not nervous about taking the Maths exam didn't necessarily benefit(受益) from better posture. But they did find that doing Maths in a slumped-over position was more difficult, Science Daily reported.
Good posture isn't just helpful for taking Maths exams. Musicians, sports players and public speakers can all benefit from it. When you feel stressed out, you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall. It can help you feel more positive(积极的) and focus better.
1. According to the passage, how do many students feel when they face Maths?
A. Amazed.
B. Sleepy.
C. Stressed.
D. Afraid.
2. ＜跨学科 数学＞ How many students found it easier to do the Maths exam when sitting up straight?
A. 125.
B. 70.
C. 60.
D. 56.
3. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A. Good posture.
B. Taking Maths exams.
C. Defensive posture.
D. Science Daily.
4. ＜语言能力 归纳能力＞ What is the passage mainly about?
A. The benefits of positive posture.
B. A good way to relax in an exam.
C. The benefits of a slumped-over position.
D. A good way to have Maths tests.
B
One day, the students at Sunshine International School filled out papers about their experience at school. The teachers looked at all the answers. The students were very happy with the teachers, the buildings and the after-school activities. However, everybody disliked the school lunches.
The head teacher thought about this. She asked some students to find out more. She told them to ask the students what exactly they wanted on the lunch menu.
Li Ming, Nick, Karen and Sarah all offered to help out. They named their group the "Lunch Committee(委员会)". Nick thought they sounded important.
"The school doesn't give students enough choices," said Karen. "We have dishes for vegetarians. It is never very nice to have potatoes, cabbages and tomatoes all the time."
"Yes!" Li Ming agreed.
"I think that the menu is too American. Not everyone likes burgers and pasta(意大利面). We should have dishes from different countries," said Sarah.
"We should offer more dessert(甜品) choices. Dessert is the best part of any meal," said Nick excitedly. "We need ..."
Karen cut in, "We need more fruit and salads."
Sarah agreed with Karen.
"We should ask them for a chocolate fountain(喷泉)," Nick said happily.
The four friends talked to different groups of students. Then they took the ideas and the students' advice to the cooks.
After that, the cooks made changes to the lunch menus. They offered menus for students with different eating habits. They added more fruit and vegetables. They made noodles, dumplings, small pies and soup. Everyone was happy, except(除了) Nick.
"I hate salads and fresh fruit," he said sadly. "I really wanted a chocolate fountain."
5. What does the head teacher want to know after getting the answers on the papers?
A. Who are students' favourite teachers?
B. Which building is the most popular?
C. What do students hope to eat for lunch?
D. What fun activity do students like best?
6. According to Paragraph 4, which might vegetarians have for lunch?
A. Fruit salad.
B. Fish burgers.
C. Chicken soup.
D. Beef noodles.
7. Which is the RIGHT order according to the passage?
①The four students talked to student groups.
②The cooks at school changed the lunch menu.
③ The four students set up the Lunch Committee.
④ The head teacher asked students about their school experience.
A. ①-③-②-④
B. ④-③-①-②
C. ③-②-④-①
D. ②-④-①-③
8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The head teacher didn't like the school lunches at all.
B. Every student loved the idea of having more desserts.
C. Sarah wanted to add more American food to the lunch menu.
D. Not all students were happy with the changes to the lunch menu.
A
(眉山中考)What subject do you worry about the most at school? Many students worry about Maths. Some students can't sleep well the day before a Maths exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself. But there might be a way to make the subject less stressful(有压力的).
"For students who are worried about Maths, posture(姿势) makes a big difference," Erik Peper, a researcher from a university told Daily Mail. That's right—sitting up straight can help you do better in Maths exams.
Researchers tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a Maths exam while sitting in a slumped-over(趴倒的) position, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56% of the students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.
"Slumping over is a defensive(防备的) posture. It can bring out negative(消极的) memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly," Peper said.
Students who were not nervous about taking the Maths exam didn't necessarily benefit(受益) from better posture. But they did find that doing Maths in a slumped-over position was more difficult, Science Daily reported.
Good posture isn't just helpful for taking Maths exams. Musicians, sports players and public speakers can all benefit from it. When you feel stressed out, you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall. It can help you feel more positive(积极的) and focus better.
1. According to the passage, how do many students feel when they face Maths?
A. Amazed.
B. Sleepy.
C. Stressed.
D. Afraid.
2. ＜跨学科 数学＞ How many students found it easier to do the Maths exam when sitting up straight?
A. 125.
B. 70.
C. 60.
D. 56.
3. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A. Good posture.
B. Taking Maths exams.
C. Defensive posture.
D. Science Daily.
4. ＜语言能力 归纳能力＞ What is the passage mainly about?
A. The benefits of positive posture.
B. A good way to relax in an exam.
C. The benefits of a slumped-over position.
D. A good way to have Maths tests.
B
One day, the students at Sunshine International School filled out papers about their experience at school. The teachers looked at all the answers. The students were very happy with the teachers, the buildings and the after-school activities. However, everybody disliked the school lunches.
The head teacher thought about this. She asked some students to find out more. She told them to ask the students what exactly they wanted on the lunch menu.
Li Ming, Nick, Karen and Sarah all offered to help out. They named their group the "Lunch Committee(委员会)". Nick thought they sounded important.
"The school doesn't give students enough choices," said Karen. "We have dishes for vegetarians. It is never very nice to have potatoes, cabbages and tomatoes all the time."
"Yes!" Li Ming agreed.
"I think that the menu is too American. Not everyone likes burgers and pasta(意大利面). We should have dishes from different countries," said Sarah.
"We should offer more dessert(甜品) choices. Dessert is the best part of any meal," said Nick excitedly. "We need ..."
Karen cut in, "We need more fruit and salads."
Sarah agreed with Karen.
"We should ask them for a chocolate fountain(喷泉)," Nick said happily.
The four friends talked to different groups of students. Then they took the ideas and the students' advice to the cooks.
After that, the cooks made changes to the lunch menus. They offered menus for students with different eating habits. They added more fruit and vegetables. They made noodles, dumplings, small pies and soup. Everyone was happy, except(除了) Nick.
"I hate salads and fresh fruit," he said sadly. "I really wanted a chocolate fountain."
5. What does the head teacher want to know after getting the answers on the papers?
A. Who are students' favourite teachers?
B. Which building is the most popular?
C. What do students hope to eat for lunch?
D. What fun activity do students like best?
6. According to Paragraph 4, which might vegetarians have for lunch?
A. Fruit salad.
B. Fish burgers.
C. Chicken soup.
D. Beef noodles.
7. Which is the RIGHT order according to the passage?
①The four students talked to student groups.
②The cooks at school changed the lunch menu.
③ The four students set up the Lunch Committee.
④ The head teacher asked students about their school experience.
A. ①-③-②-④
B. ④-③-①-②
C. ③-②-④-①
D. ②-④-①-③
8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The head teacher didn't like the school lunches at all.
B. Every student loved the idea of having more desserts.
C. Sarah wanted to add more American food to the lunch menu.
D. Not all students were happy with the changes to the lunch menu.
答案
Ⅲ.1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章从如何更好地应对数学考试引出姿势对人们状态的影响,经过研究发现姿势不仅对学习有影响,对人们生活中别的方面也有作用。
1. C 解析:细节理解题。根据“Many students worry about Maths. Some students can't sleep well the day before a Maths exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself.”可知,许多学生担心数学,一些学生在数学考试的前一天睡不好,其他学生在考试期间可能会感到非常紧张。由此可推知很多学生在面对数学时感到焦虑,有压力。故选 C。
2. B 解析:数字计算题。根据“Researchers tested 125 college students.”及“After the test, 56% of the students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.”可知,共有 125 名学生参加了测试,其中 56%,即 70 名学生发现坐直参加数学考试会更容易。故选 B。
3. A 解析:代词指代题。根据“Good posture isn't just helpful for taking Maths exams. Musicians, sports players and public speakers can all benefit from it.”可知,良好的姿势不仅有助于参加数学考试,音乐家、体育运动员和公共演说家都可以从中受益。故画线部分指的是上文中提到的 Good posture。故选 A。
4. A 解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文从哪种姿势能更好地应对数学考试引出姿势对人们状态的影响,经过研究发现姿势不仅对学习有影响,对人们生活中别的方面也有作用。故本文主要介绍了良好的身体姿势的好处。故选 A。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了阳光国际学校的学生在填写关于学校体验的问卷后,校长发现大家都不喜欢学校午餐,便让李明、尼克、凯伦和萨拉去了解学生们对午餐的需求,他们成立“午餐委员会”,改善学校午餐的故事。
5. C 解析:细节理解题。根据“She asked some students to find out more. She told them to ask the students what exactly they wanted on the lunch menu.”可知,校长想知道学生们希望午餐吃什么,故选 C。
6. A 解析:推理判断题。根据“‘We have dishes for vegetarians. It is never very nice to have potatoes, cabbages and tomatoes all the time.’”可知,素食者不吃肉,所以他们的午餐可能有水果沙拉,其他选项鱼肉汉堡包、鸡肉汤、牛肉面条都含有肉类,不适合素食者,故选 A。
7. B 解析:事件排序题。根据“The head teacher thought about this. She asked some students to find out more. She told them to ask the students what exactly they wanted on the lunch menu.”可知,先是校长询问学生关于学校体验(④);根据“Li Ming, Nick, Karen and Sarah all offered to help out. They named their group the ‘Lunch Committee’. Nick thought they sounded important.”可知,接着李明等人成立午餐委员会(③);根据“The four friends talked to different groups of students.”可知,然后他们与不同学生群体交流(①);根据“After that, the cooks made changes to the lunch menus.”可知,最后厨师更改午餐菜单(②),所以正确顺序是④-③-①-②,故选 B。
8. D 解析:判断正误题。根据“Everyone was happy, except Nick.”可知,并非所有学生都对午餐菜单的变化感到满意,故选 D。
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章从如何更好地应对数学考试引出姿势对人们状态的影响,经过研究发现姿势不仅对学习有影响,对人们生活中别的方面也有作用。
1. C 解析:细节理解题。根据“Many students worry about Maths. Some students can't sleep well the day before a Maths exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself.”可知,许多学生担心数学,一些学生在数学考试的前一天睡不好,其他学生在考试期间可能会感到非常紧张。由此可推知很多学生在面对数学时感到焦虑,有压力。故选 C。
2. B 解析:数字计算题。根据“Researchers tested 125 college students.”及“After the test, 56% of the students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.”可知,共有 125 名学生参加了测试,其中 56%,即 70 名学生发现坐直参加数学考试会更容易。故选 B。
3. A 解析:代词指代题。根据“Good posture isn't just helpful for taking Maths exams. Musicians, sports players and public speakers can all benefit from it.”可知,良好的姿势不仅有助于参加数学考试,音乐家、体育运动员和公共演说家都可以从中受益。故画线部分指的是上文中提到的 Good posture。故选 A。
4. A 解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文从哪种姿势能更好地应对数学考试引出姿势对人们状态的影响,经过研究发现姿势不仅对学习有影响,对人们生活中别的方面也有作用。故本文主要介绍了良好的身体姿势的好处。故选 A。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了阳光国际学校的学生在填写关于学校体验的问卷后,校长发现大家都不喜欢学校午餐,便让李明、尼克、凯伦和萨拉去了解学生们对午餐的需求,他们成立“午餐委员会”,改善学校午餐的故事。
5. C 解析:细节理解题。根据“She asked some students to find out more. She told them to ask the students what exactly they wanted on the lunch menu.”可知,校长想知道学生们希望午餐吃什么,故选 C。
6. A 解析:推理判断题。根据“‘We have dishes for vegetarians. It is never very nice to have potatoes, cabbages and tomatoes all the time.’”可知,素食者不吃肉,所以他们的午餐可能有水果沙拉,其他选项鱼肉汉堡包、鸡肉汤、牛肉面条都含有肉类,不适合素食者,故选 A。
7. B 解析:事件排序题。根据“The head teacher thought about this. She asked some students to find out more. She told them to ask the students what exactly they wanted on the lunch menu.”可知,先是校长询问学生关于学校体验(④);根据“Li Ming, Nick, Karen and Sarah all offered to help out. They named their group the ‘Lunch Committee’. Nick thought they sounded important.”可知,接着李明等人成立午餐委员会(③);根据“The four friends talked to different groups of students.”可知,然后他们与不同学生群体交流(①);根据“After that, the cooks made changes to the lunch menus.”可知,最后厨师更改午餐菜单(②),所以正确顺序是④-③-①-②,故选 B。
8. D 解析:判断正误题。根据“Everyone was happy, except Nick.”可知,并非所有学生都对午餐菜单的变化感到满意,故选 D。
解析
【分析】
本题为中考阅读理解题，分为A、B两篇，A篇围绕“姿势对考试及日常状态的影响”展开，B篇讲述“阳光国际学校学生改善午餐”的故事。解题时需根据不同题型特点：细节理解题定位原文对应信息；数字计算题结合原文数据计算；代词指代题联系前文名词；主旨大意题梳理全文核心；推理判断题结合原文逻辑；事件排序题按事件发展顺序；判断正误题核对原文细节，逐一突破题目。
【解析】
A篇：
1. 细节理解题：根据原文“Many students worry about Maths...Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself”，可知学生面对数学时感到有压力（stressed），故选C。
2. 数字计算题：原文提到测试125名学生，56%的学生坐直时考试更容易，计算得125×56%≈70，故选B。
3. 代词指代题：前文提到“Good posture isn't just helpful for taking Maths exams”，此处it指代“Good posture”，故选A。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕良好姿势对考试、生活等方面的好处展开，核心是介绍良好姿势的益处，故选A。
B篇：
5. 细节理解题：原文提到校长让学生询问“what exactly they wanted on the lunch menu”，即想知道学生希望午餐吃什么，故选C。
6. 推理判断题：原文提到“dishes for vegetarians”，素食者不吃肉，选项中只有水果沙拉不含肉类，故选A。
7. 事件排序题：按事件发展顺序：④校长询问学生学校体验→③学生成立午餐委员会→①学生与不同群体交流→②厨师修改菜单，故选B。
8. 判断正误题：原文提到“Everyone was happy, except Nick”，说明并非所有学生都对午餐变化满意，故选D。
【答案】
Ⅲ.1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题、数字计算题、代词指代题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、事件排序题、判断正误题）
【点评】
本题为中考阅读理解真题，涵盖多种阅读题型，全面考察学生的信息查找、逻辑推理、主旨归纳等阅读能力，话题贴近学生生活，文本难度适中，符合初中阶段学生的阅读水平。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为中考阅读理解题，分为A、B两篇，A篇围绕“姿势对考试及日常状态的影响”展开，B篇讲述“阳光国际学校学生改善午餐”的故事。解题时需根据不同题型特点：细节理解题定位原文对应信息；数字计算题结合原文数据计算；代词指代题联系前文名词；主旨大意题梳理全文核心；推理判断题结合原文逻辑；事件排序题按事件发展顺序；判断正误题核对原文细节，逐一突破题目。
【解析】
A篇：
1. 细节理解题：根据原文“Many students worry about Maths...Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself”，可知学生面对数学时感到有压力（stressed），故选C。
2. 数字计算题：原文提到测试125名学生，56%的学生坐直时考试更容易，计算得125×56%≈70，故选B。
3. 代词指代题：前文提到“Good posture isn't just helpful for taking Maths exams”，此处it指代“Good posture”，故选A。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕良好姿势对考试、生活等方面的好处展开，核心是介绍良好姿势的益处，故选A。
B篇：
5. 细节理解题：原文提到校长让学生询问“what exactly they wanted on the lunch menu”，即想知道学生希望午餐吃什么，故选C。
6. 推理判断题：原文提到“dishes for vegetarians”，素食者不吃肉，选项中只有水果沙拉不含肉类，故选A。
7. 事件排序题：按事件发展顺序：④校长询问学生学校体验→③学生成立午餐委员会→①学生与不同群体交流→②厨师修改菜单，故选B。
8. 判断正误题：原文提到“Everyone was happy, except Nick”，说明并非所有学生都对午餐变化满意，故选D。
【答案】
Ⅲ.1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题、数字计算题、代词指代题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、事件排序题、判断正误题）
【点评】
本题为中考阅读理解真题，涵盖多种阅读题型，全面考察学生的信息查找、逻辑推理、主旨归纳等阅读能力，话题贴近学生生活，文本难度适中，符合初中阶段学生的阅读水平。
【难度系数】
0.7
