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五、阅读表达。〔人与社会——医学先驱与职业精神〕
Florence Nightingale was the world’s first great nurse. She was born in a rich family in 1820, in Florence, Italy. She could have lived an easy, comfortable life. But she chose to work hard and care for the sick. Because she is one of the world’s greatest nurses, every year on her birthday, May 12, people celebrate International Nurses Day to remember the love and help that she gave to so many people.
When she was young, she told her parents she wanted to be a nurse. But they didn’t like the idea. The family had lots of money, so they thought it would be better if she didn’t work. Nurses were not very well respected(尊敬)at that time. But Nightingale went on with her dream. She went to Germany to learn to be a nurse. There were no nursing schools at that time. She had to learn by practicing. During a war in 1854, Nightingale and a team of 38 nurses from England went to care for soldiers. She made the hospitals much cleaner there. At night, she would look after the soldiers. She carried a lamp with her, and soldiers began to call her the “Lady with the Lamp”. In 1860, after the war, Nightingale opened the first nursing school. She also worked to make hospitals better and make rules for nurses.
Nightingale died in 1910 in London, England at the age of 90. Nightingale’s birthday became International Nurses Day in 1974.
1. When is International Nurses Day?
2. Why did the soldiers call Nightingale the “Lady with the Lamp”?
3. Describe the most important quality of being a good nurse in your mind and explain your reason.
Florence Nightingale was the world’s first great nurse. She was born in a rich family in 1820, in Florence, Italy. She could have lived an easy, comfortable life. But she chose to work hard and care for the sick. Because she is one of the world’s greatest nurses, every year on her birthday, May 12, people celebrate International Nurses Day to remember the love and help that she gave to so many people.
When she was young, she told her parents she wanted to be a nurse. But they didn’t like the idea. The family had lots of money, so they thought it would be better if she didn’t work. Nurses were not very well respected(尊敬)at that time. But Nightingale went on with her dream. She went to Germany to learn to be a nurse. There were no nursing schools at that time. She had to learn by practicing. During a war in 1854, Nightingale and a team of 38 nurses from England went to care for soldiers. She made the hospitals much cleaner there. At night, she would look after the soldiers. She carried a lamp with her, and soldiers began to call her the “Lady with the Lamp”. In 1860, after the war, Nightingale opened the first nursing school. She also worked to make hospitals better and make rules for nurses.
Nightingale died in 1910 in London, England at the age of 90. Nightingale’s birthday became International Nurses Day in 1974.
1. When is International Nurses Day?
It's on May 12.
2. Why did the soldiers call Nightingale the “Lady with the Lamp”?
Because Nightingale could bring hope to others. /Because she carried a lamp with her when she looked after the soldiers at night.
3. Describe the most important quality of being a good nurse in your mind and explain your reason.
Patience. Because looking after patients is a tough job and a patient nurse is willing to take the time to care for patients. (言之有理即可)
答案
五、1. It's on May 12. 2. Because Nightingale could bring hope to others. /Because she carried a lamp with her when she looked after the soldiers at night. 3. Patience. Because looking after patients is a tough job and a patient nurse is willing to take the time to care for patients. (言之有理即可)
解析
【分析】
这是人物传记主题的阅读表达题，解题时可以按照先通读全文了解南丁格尔的生平事迹，再逐个对应题干找答案的思路走：1. 第1题询问国际护士节的日期，属于细节类问题，直接定位原文提及国际护士节的段落就能提取到准确时间信息；2. 第2题询问"提灯女士"称呼的由来，回到原文该称呼出现的前后句查找对应描述，既可以提取表层行为原因，也可以结合人物行为的深层意义作答；3. 第3题是开放性问题，结合护士的职业属性，选择一个合理的优秀品质，搭配通顺合理的理由即可，不需要拘泥于固定答案，言之有理就符合要求。
【解析】
1. 回到原文第一段定位到句子"every year on her birthday, May 12, people celebrate International Nurses Day to remember the love and help that she gave to so many people"，直接提取日期信息即可得到答案。
2. 回到原文第二段定位到称呼相关的描述"At night, she would look after the soldiers. She carried a lamp with her, and soldiers began to call her the “Lady with the Lamp”"，既可以直接提取她夜晚照料士兵时随身带灯的表层原因，也可以结合她在战地为受伤士兵带去关怀与希望的深层内涵作答，两种表述均正确。
3. 本题无固定标准答案，只要给出的品质符合护士的职业要求，理由逻辑通顺、表述正确即可得分，示例给出的"耐心"及对应理由是符合要求的典型作答。
【答案】
1. It's on May 12.
2. Because she carried a lamp with her when she looked after the soldiers at night. /Because Nightingale could bring hope to others.
3. Patience. Because looking after patients is a tough job and a patient nurse is willing to take the time to care for patients. (言之有理即可)
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，英语信息提取，职业主题表达
【点评】
本题选取医学先驱南丁格尔的生平作为阅读素材，贴合人与社会的学科素养导向，前两道基础细节题难度较低，学生只要具备基本的原文信息查找能力就能答对，第三道开放题兼顾考察学生的英语表达能力和对医护职业精神的理解，整体区分度不高，适合巩固基础阅读能力使用。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是人物传记主题的阅读表达题，解题时可以按照先通读全文了解南丁格尔的生平事迹，再逐个对应题干找答案的思路走：1. 第1题询问国际护士节的日期，属于细节类问题，直接定位原文提及国际护士节的段落就能提取到准确时间信息；2. 第2题询问"提灯女士"称呼的由来，回到原文该称呼出现的前后句查找对应描述，既可以提取表层行为原因，也可以结合人物行为的深层意义作答；3. 第3题是开放性问题，结合护士的职业属性，选择一个合理的优秀品质，搭配通顺合理的理由即可，不需要拘泥于固定答案，言之有理就符合要求。
【解析】
1. 回到原文第一段定位到句子"every year on her birthday, May 12, people celebrate International Nurses Day to remember the love and help that she gave to so many people"，直接提取日期信息即可得到答案。
2. 回到原文第二段定位到称呼相关的描述"At night, she would look after the soldiers. She carried a lamp with her, and soldiers began to call her the “Lady with the Lamp”"，既可以直接提取她夜晚照料士兵时随身带灯的表层原因，也可以结合她在战地为受伤士兵带去关怀与希望的深层内涵作答，两种表述均正确。
3. 本题无固定标准答案，只要给出的品质符合护士的职业要求，理由逻辑通顺、表述正确即可得分，示例给出的"耐心"及对应理由是符合要求的典型作答。
【答案】
1. It's on May 12.
2. Because she carried a lamp with her when she looked after the soldiers at night. /Because Nightingale could bring hope to others.
3. Patience. Because looking after patients is a tough job and a patient nurse is willing to take the time to care for patients. (言之有理即可)
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，英语信息提取，职业主题表达
【点评】
本题选取医学先驱南丁格尔的生平作为阅读素材，贴合人与社会的学科素养导向，前两道基础细节题难度较低，学生只要具备基本的原文信息查找能力就能答对，第三道开放题兼顾考察学生的英语表达能力和对医护职业精神的理解，整体区分度不高，适合巩固基础阅读能力使用。
【难度系数】
0.8
六、(2024·苏州期末)书面表达。
假如你是苏华，想成为国际儿童福利院(International Children’s Home)的志愿者，请根据提示问题，用英语给相关负责人写一封申请信，介绍自己的基本情况。
提示问题：· How old are you and where do you study? · What’s your hobby? · What can you do for the children?
注意：1. 词数 90 左右，已给出的部分不计入总词数；2. 短文须包括所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；3. 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
Dear Sir or Madam,
假如你是苏华，想成为国际儿童福利院(International Children’s Home)的志愿者，请根据提示问题，用英语给相关负责人写一封申请信，介绍自己的基本情况。
提示问题：· How old are you and where do you study? · What’s your hobby? · What can you do for the children?
注意：1. 词数 90 左右，已给出的部分不计入总词数；2. 短文须包括所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；3. 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Su Hua. I'd like to be a volunteer at the International Children's Home. I'm 15 years old. I study at Yuhong Middle School. My hobbies are singing and dancing and I'm good at playing the piano. Most importantly, I like playing with children, so I can play games with them. I can also teach them to sing and dance and tell them interesting stories. Also I am outgoing and I like to make friends. I'm sure we will have a good time together.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Sincerely,
答案
六、One possible version:
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Su Hua. I'd like to be a volunteer at the International Children's Home. I'm 15 years old. I study at Yuhong Middle School. My hobbies are singing and dancing and I'm good at playing the piano. Most importantly, I like playing with children, so I can play games with them. I can also teach them to sing and dance and tell them interesting stories. Also I am outgoing and I like to make friends. I'm sure we will have a good time together.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Sincerely,
Su Hua
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Su Hua. I'd like to be a volunteer at the International Children's Home. I'm 15 years old. I study at Yuhong Middle School. My hobbies are singing and dancing and I'm good at playing the piano. Most importantly, I like playing with children, so I can play games with them. I can also teach them to sing and dance and tell them interesting stories. Also I am outgoing and I like to make friends. I'm sure we will have a good time together.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Sincerely,
Su Hua
解析
【分析】
这是一篇志愿申请类的英语应用文写作，解题时首先要明确写作身份是苏华，写作目的是向国际儿童福利院提交志愿者申请。首先第一步先开篇表明身份和写信的核心意图，之后按照题干给出的三个提示问题依次展开内容：首先介绍自己的年龄和就读学校，接着说明自身的兴趣爱好，再结合爱好和福利院儿童的需求，说明自己可以为孩子们提供的帮助，最后补充合理的性格优势佐证自己适合志愿者岗位，收尾礼貌表达期待回复即可，全程注意不要出现真实人名校名，控制总词数在90左右，保证行文连贯语气诚恳。
【解析】
写作可按照三步完成：
1. 开篇引入：直接自我介绍，开门见山说明自己想要申请成为国际儿童福利院的志愿者，清晰点明写作目的。
2. 主体内容：依次覆盖所有题干要求的要点：
① 说明自身基本信息：15岁，在指定的非真实校名的中学就读；
② 介绍个人爱好：说明自己爱好唱歌跳舞，还擅长弹钢琴，同时补充自己性格外向、很喜欢和孩子相处的特点；
③ 说明可提供的帮助：结合自身特长，说明自己可以陪孩子们玩游戏，教他们唱歌跳舞，还给他们讲有趣的故事，让孩子们收获陪伴和快乐。
3. 收尾：表达自己有信心可以和孩子们相处愉快，礼貌向对方表达期待回复的意愿，最后按书信格式落款即可，行文可适当用also, most importantly等连接词让内容更流畅自然。
【答案】
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Su Hua. I'd like to be a volunteer at the International Children's Home. I'm 15 years old. I study at Yuhong Middle School. My hobbies are singing and dancing and I'm good at playing the piano. Most importantly, I like playing with children, so I can play games with them. I can also teach them to sing and dance and tell them interesting stories. Also I am outgoing and I like to make friends. I'm sure we will have a good time together.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Sincerely,
Su Hua
【知识点】
申请信写作
英语应用文书写
志愿主题表达
【点评】
本题属于贴近学生生活的基础应用文写作，题干给出的提示要点清晰明确，既考查学生基础的英语语句组织能力，也引导学生了解志愿申请的书信格式，学生只需要完整覆盖所有给定要点，适当补充合理细节就能完成合格的作文，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇志愿申请类的英语应用文写作，解题时首先要明确写作身份是苏华，写作目的是向国际儿童福利院提交志愿者申请。首先第一步先开篇表明身份和写信的核心意图，之后按照题干给出的三个提示问题依次展开内容：首先介绍自己的年龄和就读学校，接着说明自身的兴趣爱好，再结合爱好和福利院儿童的需求，说明自己可以为孩子们提供的帮助，最后补充合理的性格优势佐证自己适合志愿者岗位，收尾礼貌表达期待回复即可，全程注意不要出现真实人名校名，控制总词数在90左右，保证行文连贯语气诚恳。
【解析】
写作可按照三步完成：
1. 开篇引入：直接自我介绍，开门见山说明自己想要申请成为国际儿童福利院的志愿者，清晰点明写作目的。
2. 主体内容：依次覆盖所有题干要求的要点：
① 说明自身基本信息：15岁，在指定的非真实校名的中学就读；
② 介绍个人爱好：说明自己爱好唱歌跳舞，还擅长弹钢琴，同时补充自己性格外向、很喜欢和孩子相处的特点；
③ 说明可提供的帮助：结合自身特长，说明自己可以陪孩子们玩游戏，教他们唱歌跳舞，还给他们讲有趣的故事，让孩子们收获陪伴和快乐。
3. 收尾：表达自己有信心可以和孩子们相处愉快，礼貌向对方表达期待回复的意愿，最后按书信格式落款即可，行文可适当用also, most importantly等连接词让内容更流畅自然。
【答案】
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Su Hua. I'd like to be a volunteer at the International Children's Home. I'm 15 years old. I study at Yuhong Middle School. My hobbies are singing and dancing and I'm good at playing the piano. Most importantly, I like playing with children, so I can play games with them. I can also teach them to sing and dance and tell them interesting stories. Also I am outgoing and I like to make friends. I'm sure we will have a good time together.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Sincerely,
Su Hua
【知识点】
申请信写作
英语应用文书写
志愿主题表达
【点评】
本题属于贴近学生生活的基础应用文写作，题干给出的提示要点清晰明确，既考查学生基础的英语语句组织能力，也引导学生了解志愿申请的书信格式，学生只需要完整覆盖所有给定要点，适当补充合理细节就能完成合格的作文，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
