用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Great changes (take) place in our city over the past five years.
2. My grandparents used to (live) in a small house, but now they live in a big apartment.
3. There (be) no shopping malls in this area ten years ago.
4. The government (build) a new bridge to connect the two villages so far.
5. People in my hometown (not have) enough food to eat in the past, but now they have a balanced diet.

1. have taken
2. live
3. were
4. has built
5. didn't have

1. 句中时间状语over the past five years是现在完成时的典型标志，主语Great changes是复数，助动词用have，take的过去分词为taken，因此填have taken。
2. 考查固定搭配used to do sth.，意为“过去常常做某事”，to后接动词原形，因此填live。
3. 句中时间状语ten years ago表示过去的时间，需用一般过去时，后面的主语shopping malls是复数，there be句型的be动词用were。
4. 句中so far是现在完成时的标志词，主语The government是单数概念，助动词用has，build的过去分词为built，因此填has built。
5. 句中时间状语in the past表示过去的时间，需用一般过去时，实义动词have的否定形式要借助助动词didn't，后接动词原形have，因此填didn't have。

一、完形填空。
My hometown is a small town in the south of China. It has changed a lot 1 the past ten years. When I was a child, it was a quiet village with green mountains and clear rivers. People lived a 2 life. Most of them were farmers and they 3 crops in the fields. There were only a few small roads, and the transportation was very 4. If people wanted to go to the city, they had to take a bumpy（颠簸的）bus for several hours.
Now, great changes have 5 place. The government has built wide roads and a new railway station. The transportation has become much more convenient. Many people have bought cars, and going to the city by train only 6 one hour now. Tall buildings have been built everywhere, 7 places that used to be old shops and small houses. People's lives have become more convenient and comfortable. They can buy all kinds of things in the shopping malls and get good medical care in the hospitals.
But some things have not 8. The people in my hometown are still kind and friendly. They still like to help each other. The green mountains and clear rivers are still there, and the 9 is still fresh. Every time I go back, I can feel the warmth of my hometown.

1. over/in 2. simple/quiet 3. grew 4. poor 5. taken 6. takes 7. including 8. changed 9. air

1. 第1空：固定搭配over/in the past ten years常用于现在完成时，意为“在过去十年间”，符合语境表达家乡在这十年发生了很大变化，是八年级核心时间表达用法。
2. 第2空：前文提到过去家乡是有青山绿水的安静村庄，此处描述过去村民的生活状态，填simple（简单的）/quiet（平静的）都符合语义，贴合过去乡村的生活特点。
3. 第3空：前文说明大部分村民是农民，搭配后文的crops（庄稼）表达“种植庄稼”，句子时态为一般过去时，填grow的过去式grew。
4. 第4空：后文提到过去去城里要坐几小时颠簸的公交，说明过去交通状况很差、很不便，填poor符合语义。
5. 第5空：固定短语take place意为“发生”，本句是现在完成时，空前已有助动词have，需填take的过去分词taken。
6. 第6空：此处表达“坐火车去城里仅花费1小时”，主语是动名词短语，视作单数，句子为一般现在时，填takes，符合“事物作主语+take+时间”的花费时间的常用结构。
7. 第7空：此处句意是高楼随处可见，覆盖的范围也包含过去是旧商店和小房子的区域，填介词including（包括）符合语义。
8. 第8空：后文提到家乡的人依旧和善、青山绿水还保留着，说明有些事物没有发生改变，本句是现在完成时，空前有have not，填changed。
9. 第9空：后文的fresh（清新的）修饰该空名词，结合语境描述家乡的自然环境，填air（空气），表示空气依旧清新。