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3 Read the passage. 阅读短文。
Organisations fighting against pollution
Pollution comes in many forms — air, water, plastic and more. Around the world, there are different organisations working hard to fight against it.
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
Based in Nairobi, Kenya, UNEP was founded in 1972 as an international intergovernmental organisation responsible for global environmental issues and promoting sustainable development. For example, it has supported some countries in improving policies to cut industrial and vehicle emissions (排放). With a team of nearly 3,000 staff members in 41 countries and regions, UNEP aims to encourage people to live better lives and protect the environment for future generations.
WaterAid
WaterAid is an international not-for-profit and non-governmental organisation which was established in 1981 and has its headquarters in London, UK. It works to deal with water pollution and provide clean drinking water. It operates in 22 countries across Africa, Asia, South America and the Pacific region. Since its establishment, it has helped about 29 million people get safe water. In Ethiopia, it has built many wells so villagers no longer need to drink from polluted rivers.
China Environmental Protection Foundation (CEPF)
Founded in Beijing in 1993, CEPF is China’s first national public foundation dedicated to environmental protection, operating as a non-governmental organisation. It organises beach and wetland clean-up activities to reduce plastic pollution in cities such as Shanghai and Guangzhou. It also runs environmental volunteer projects to raise public awareness of environmental issues and promote low-carbon practices. So far, it has provided over 90,000 hours of volunteer service across 421 communities and schools in 39 cities.
Thanks to the efforts of these organisations, progress is being made in the fight against pollution. By working together — across borders and communities — they are helping to create a cleaner, healthier planet for both people and wildlife.
3-1 Complete the summary of the passage. 补全文章概要。
The passage introduces three organisations that are working to fight (1)
3-2 Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Then find evidence from the passage to support your answer. 判断下列句子是否符合文章内容，符合的用 “T” 表示，不符合的用 “F” 表示，并从文章中找出支持你答案的依据。
(1) Among the three organisations, UNEP has the longest history.
(2) All three organisations work in multiple countries around the world.
(3) All three organisations were founded by governments.
(4) Among the three organisations, UNEP reaches the most countries around the world.
3-3 Answer the question. 回答问题。
The three organisations mentioned in the passage are helping to create a cleaner, healthier planet. What can young people like you do to join this effort?
Organisations fighting against pollution
Pollution comes in many forms — air, water, plastic and more. Around the world, there are different organisations working hard to fight against it.
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
Based in Nairobi, Kenya, UNEP was founded in 1972 as an international intergovernmental organisation responsible for global environmental issues and promoting sustainable development. For example, it has supported some countries in improving policies to cut industrial and vehicle emissions (排放). With a team of nearly 3,000 staff members in 41 countries and regions, UNEP aims to encourage people to live better lives and protect the environment for future generations.
WaterAid
WaterAid is an international not-for-profit and non-governmental organisation which was established in 1981 and has its headquarters in London, UK. It works to deal with water pollution and provide clean drinking water. It operates in 22 countries across Africa, Asia, South America and the Pacific region. Since its establishment, it has helped about 29 million people get safe water. In Ethiopia, it has built many wells so villagers no longer need to drink from polluted rivers.
China Environmental Protection Foundation (CEPF)
Founded in Beijing in 1993, CEPF is China’s first national public foundation dedicated to environmental protection, operating as a non-governmental organisation. It organises beach and wetland clean-up activities to reduce plastic pollution in cities such as Shanghai and Guangzhou. It also runs environmental volunteer projects to raise public awareness of environmental issues and promote low-carbon practices. So far, it has provided over 90,000 hours of volunteer service across 421 communities and schools in 39 cities.
Thanks to the efforts of these organisations, progress is being made in the fight against pollution. By working together — across borders and communities — they are helping to create a cleaner, healthier planet for both people and wildlife.
3-1 Complete the summary of the passage. 补全文章概要。
The passage introduces three organisations that are working to fight (1)
different/various forms/types/kinds of
pollution. UNEP is (2) an international intergovernmental
organisation founded in 1972. It works to promote sustainable development. WaterAid is a not-for-profit group that focuses on the issue of (3) water pollution
and has helped (4) about 29 million people
get safe water across Africa, Asia, South America and the Pacific region. CEPF is (5) China’s first national public foundation
for environmental protection. It organises clean-up activities to reduce (6) plastic pollution
in cities like Shanghai and Guangzhou. It also (7) runs environmental volunteer projects
to educate the public and encourage low-carbon living.3-2 Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Then find evidence from the passage to support your answer. 判断下列句子是否符合文章内容，符合的用 “T” 表示，不符合的用 “F” 表示，并从文章中找出支持你答案的依据。
(1) Among the three organisations, UNEP has the longest history.
T
UNEP was founded in 1972, while WaterAid was established in 1981 and CEPF in 1993.
(2) All three organisations work in multiple countries around the world.
F
CEPF is a Chinese national public foundation and only works in China.
(3) All three organisations were founded by governments.
F
WaterAid and CEPF are non-governmental organisations.
(4) Among the three organisations, UNEP reaches the most countries around the world.
T
UNEP operates in 41 countries and regions, while WaterAid operates in 22 countries and CEPF only in China.
3-3 Answer the question. 回答问题。
The three organisations mentioned in the passage are helping to create a cleaner, healthier planet. What can young people like you do to join this effort?
We can join local clean-up events, use fewer plastic products, save water and electricity, and tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the environment.
答案
3-1
(1) different/various forms/types/kinds of (2) an international intergovernmental
(3) water pollution (4) about 29 million people (5) China’s first national public foundation
(6) plastic pollution (7) runs environmental volunteer projects
3-2(Answers may vary.)
(1) T; UNEP was founded in 1972, while WaterAid was established in 1981 and CEPF in 1993.
(2) F; CEPF is a Chinese national public foundation and only works in China.
(3) F; WaterAid and CEPF are non-governmental organisations.
(4) T; UNEP operates in 41 countries and regions, while WaterAid operates in 22 countries and CEPF only in China.
3-3(Answers may vary.)
We can join local clean-up events, use fewer plastic products, save water and electricity, and tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the environment.
(1) different/various forms/types/kinds of (2) an international intergovernmental
(3) water pollution (4) about 29 million people (5) China’s first national public foundation
(6) plastic pollution (7) runs environmental volunteer projects
3-2(Answers may vary.)
(1) T; UNEP was founded in 1972, while WaterAid was established in 1981 and CEPF in 1993.
(2) F; CEPF is a Chinese national public foundation and only works in China.
(3) F; WaterAid and CEPF are non-governmental organisations.
(4) T; UNEP operates in 41 countries and regions, while WaterAid operates in 22 countries and CEPF only in China.
3-3(Answers may vary.)
We can join local clean-up events, use fewer plastic products, save water and electricity, and tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the environment.
解析
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解综合题，分为补全概要、判断正误找依据、开放作答三部分。解题思路：1. 3-1需定位原文对应信息，匹配空缺处内容；2. 3-2需对比原文中各组织的成立时间、工作范围、性质等细节，判断正误并找原文依据；3. 3-3结合环保主题，联系学生可参与的实际行动作答。
【解析】3-1：(1) 原文提到“Pollution comes in many forms... different organisations working hard to fight against it”，故填different/various forms of；(2) 原文明确UNEP是“an international intergovernmental organisation”，故填该内容；(3) WaterAid的工作是“deal with water pollution”，故填water pollution；(4) 原文提到“it has helped about 29 million people get safe water”，故填about 29 million people；(5) 原文指出CEPF是“China’s first national public foundation”，故填该内容；(6) 原文提到“organises beach and wetland clean-up activities to reduce plastic pollution”，故填plastic pollution；(7) 原文提到“runs environmental volunteer projects to raise public awareness”，故填runs environmental volunteer projects。3-2：(1) 对比成立时间：UNEP1972，WaterAid1981，CEPF1993，故T，依据为UNEP was founded in 1972, while WaterAid was established in 1981 and CEPF in 1993；(2) CEPF仅在中国工作，故F，依据为CEPF is a Chinese national public foundation and only works in China；(3) WaterAid和CEPF是非政府组织，故F，依据为WaterAid and CEPF are non-governmental organisations；(4) UNEP在41国，WaterAid22国，CEPF仅中国，故T，依据为UNEP operates in 41 countries and regions, while WaterAid operates in 22 countries and CEPF only in China。3-3：结合学生可参与的环保行动，如参加清理活动、少用塑料、节约水电、宣传环保等，组织语言作答。
【答案】3-1
(1) different/various forms of (2) an international intergovernmental
(3) water pollution (4) about 29 million people (5) China’s first national public foundation
(6) plastic pollution (7) runs environmental volunteer projects
3-2
(1) T; UNEP was founded in 1972, while WaterAid was established in 1981 and CEPF in 1993.
(2) F; CEPF is a Chinese national public foundation and only works in China.
(3) F; WaterAid and CEPF are non-governmental organisations.
(4) T; UNEP operates in 41 countries and regions, while WaterAid operates in 22 countries and CEPF only in China.
3-3
We can join local clean-up events, use fewer plastic products, save water and electricity, and tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the environment.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节定位、开放表达
【点评】本题考查英语阅读的信息提取、细节判断及语言运用能力，题型全面，难度适中，适合学生巩固阅读技巧，同时引导学生树立环保意识。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】3-1：(1) 原文提到“Pollution comes in many forms... different organisations working hard to fight against it”，故填different/various forms of；(2) 原文明确UNEP是“an international intergovernmental organisation”，故填该内容；(3) WaterAid的工作是“deal with water pollution”，故填water pollution；(4) 原文提到“it has helped about 29 million people get safe water”，故填about 29 million people；(5) 原文指出CEPF是“China’s first national public foundation”，故填该内容；(6) 原文提到“organises beach and wetland clean-up activities to reduce plastic pollution”，故填plastic pollution；(7) 原文提到“runs environmental volunteer projects to raise public awareness”，故填runs environmental volunteer projects。3-2：(1) 对比成立时间：UNEP1972，WaterAid1981，CEPF1993，故T，依据为UNEP was founded in 1972, while WaterAid was established in 1981 and CEPF in 1993；(2) CEPF仅在中国工作，故F，依据为CEPF is a Chinese national public foundation and only works in China；(3) WaterAid和CEPF是非政府组织，故F，依据为WaterAid and CEPF are non-governmental organisations；(4) UNEP在41国，WaterAid22国，CEPF仅中国，故T，依据为UNEP operates in 41 countries and regions, while WaterAid operates in 22 countries and CEPF only in China。3-3：结合学生可参与的环保行动，如参加清理活动、少用塑料、节约水电、宣传环保等，组织语言作答。
【答案】3-1
(1) different/various forms of (2) an international intergovernmental
(3) water pollution (4) about 29 million people (5) China’s first national public foundation
(6) plastic pollution (7) runs environmental volunteer projects
3-2
(1) T; UNEP was founded in 1972, while WaterAid was established in 1981 and CEPF in 1993.
(2) F; CEPF is a Chinese national public foundation and only works in China.
(3) F; WaterAid and CEPF are non-governmental organisations.
(4) T; UNEP operates in 41 countries and regions, while WaterAid operates in 22 countries and CEPF only in China.
3-3
We can join local clean-up events, use fewer plastic products, save water and electricity, and tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the environment.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节定位、开放表达
【点评】本题考查英语阅读的信息提取、细节判断及语言运用能力，题型全面，难度适中，适合学生巩固阅读技巧，同时引导学生树立环保意识。
【难度系数】0.6
