【例2】用used to do/be used to doing/be used to do的适当形式填空
There (be) only paper books in our school library. Now, new machines (help) students borrow books quickly. My deskmate (read) in the library after class every day.
【答案】used to be；are used to help；is used to reading

1. used to be
2. are used to help
3. is used to reading

【分析】首先明确三个核心短语的用法差异：①used to do/be：表示过去存在的状态或动作，现在已不再如此，be动词随主语变化；②be used to doing sth：意为“习惯于做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词；③be used to do sth：意为“被用来做某事”，是被动语态，后接动词原形。再结合语境判断：第一句隐含过去与现在的对比，表过去的状态，对应used to结构；第二句主语是动作的承受者，表被动，对应be used to do；第三句主语表“习惯于做某事”，对应be used to doing。
【解析】1. 第一空：根据语境，句子描述过去图书馆只有纸质书，现在情况改变，需用表过去状态的used to结构，故填used to be；2. 第二空：主语new machines与help是被动关系，表“被用来帮助”，用被动结构be used to do，主语是复数，be动词用are，故填are used to help；3. 第三空：主语my deskmate表“习惯于读书”，用be used to doing结构，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is，故填is used to reading。
【答案】used to be；are used to help；is used to reading
【知识点】used to do的用法；be used to doing的用法；be used to do的用法
【点评】本题考查初中英语中三个易混淆短语的辨析应用，需准确区分它们的含义、结构及用法，结合语境判断使用形式，是基础考点，需熟练掌握。
【难度系数】0.6

一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
1. — you (visit) the high-tech library yet?
—Yes, I (go) there last Sunday. It's amazing.
2. Digital technology (improve) railway services a lot. Before, we (buy) tickets only at stations.
3. A new highway (appear) near our town recently.
4. Many students (study) abroad in the past, but now more of them (choose) to study in our country.
5. Ten years ago, few people in our community (know) about e-payment. Since mobile payment apps became popular, people (use) e-payment to pay for almost everything.

1. Have; visited; went
2. has improved; bought
3. has appeared
4. studied; choose
5. knew; have used

【分析】
解题思路：首先根据句子中的时间标志词判断时态：句中yet、recently、since引导的时间状语对应现在完成时，last Sunday、before、in the past、ten years ago对应一般过去时，now对应一般现在时；再结合主语的单复数、句式（疑问句/陈述句）确定动词的正确形式。
【解析】
1. 第一句有标志词yet，是现在完成时的疑问句，主语为you，助动词用Have，动词visit的过去分词为visited；答句中last Sunday是过去时间，用go的过去式went。
2. 第一空：数字技术对现在铁路服务的影响，用现在完成时，主语Digital technology是单数，故用has improved；第二空before指过去，用buy的过去式bought。
3. 标志词recently是现在完成时的信号，主语a new highway是单数，故用has appeared。
4. 第一空in the past指过去，用study的过去式studied；第二空now指现在，用一般现在时，主语more of them是复数，故用choose。
5. 第一空Ten years ago是过去时间，用know的过去式knew；第二空since引导的时间状语，主句用现在完成时，主语people是复数，故用have used。
【答案】
1. Have; visited; went
2. has improved; bought
3. has appeared
4. studied; choose
5. knew; have used
【知识点】
现在完成时、一般过去时、一般现在时
【点评】
本题考查英语时态的基础应用，需准确识别不同时间状语对应的时态，是初中英语核心考点，难度适中，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、语法填空
阅读短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式。
In recent years, great changes 1. (take) place in rural areas with the support of the government. Last year, the local government 2. (set) up several projects to improve the situation. They 3. (build) new roads, making it easier for farmers to send their products to the market. Since the rural revitalization strategy（乡村振兴战略）was carried out, many farmers 4. (change) their ways of making a living. Some have given up traditional farming and 5. (start) rural tourism. For example, Mr Li 6. (open) a farmhouse restaurant last month. So far, his restaurant 7. (attract) a large number of customers from the city. The environment in rural areas 8. (improve) greatly as well. The government 9. (develop) some environmental protection projects last year. They 10. (plant) trees and cleaned up the rivers. As a result, the rural scenery has become more and more beautiful.

1. have taken
2. set
3. built
4. have changed
5. started
6. opened
7. has attracted
8. has improved
9. developed
10. planted

【分析】本题为语法填空，需根据句中的时间状语判断动词的正确时态，再结合主语的单复数等确定动词形式。具体思路：1. 识别时间标志词判断时态；2. 结合时态规则变形动词；3. 核对主语与动词的数的一致性。
【解析】1. 时间状语In recent years（近年来）是现在完成时的标志，主语great changes为复数，故填have taken；2. 时间状语Last year（去年）表过去，用一般过去时，set的过去式为set，故填set；3. 描述去年的动作，用一般过去时，build的过去式为built，故填built；4. Since引导的时间状语从句（从句为一般过去时），主句需用现在完成时，主语many farmers为复数，故填have changed；5. 与前面的have given up并列构成现在完成时，start的过去分词为started，故填started；6. 时间状语last month（上个月）表过去，用一般过去时，open的过去式为opened，故填opened；7. 时间状语So far（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语his restaurant为单数，故填has attracted；8. 表示到现在为止的变化，用现在完成时，主语the environment为单数，故填has improved；9. 时间状语last year表过去，用一般过去时，develop的过去式为developed，故填developed；10. 与上文过去动作并列，用一般过去时，plant的过去式为planted，故填planted。
【答案】1. have taken
2. set
3. built
4. have changed
5. started
6. opened
7. has attracted
8. has improved
9. developed
10. planted
【知识点】一般过去时、现在完成时、动词时态应用
【点评】本题围绕不同时间状语对应的动词时态展开，是初中英语语法填空的核心考点，需学生熟练掌握各类时态的时间标志及动词变形规则，整体难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6