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Ⅵ. 阅读理解。
There are many deserts on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting.
• What are deserts like?
Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony(多石的). Deserts can also be very windy places. The wind can change the shape of the deserts. It moves sand around from place to place.
Temperatures in the desert can vary enormously(非常). During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade(阴凉处). At night, deserts can become very cold. In winter there may even be a frost (霜冻) in the early morning.
• Living in the desert
The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump(驼峰) and can go for days without water. It has large feet which help it not to fall into the soft sand. Its long eyelashes(睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms.
An oasis is an area in a desert where water may be found. The water may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit an oasis for water and food. Plants grow in oases. Some farmers are able to grow crops here.
( )1. Which of the following can best describe deserts?
A. Hot and dry.
B. Sandy and rainy.
C. Wet and stony.
( )2. The underlined word “vary” in the passage means “____”.
A. be high
B. be different
C. be similar
( )3. According to the passage, people and animals visit an oasis for ____.
A. frost and crops
B. sand and stones
C. water and food
( )4. What is the best title of the passage?
A. What is the weather like in deserts?
B. What do you know about deserts?
C. How do people live in deserts?
There are many deserts on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting.
• What are deserts like?
Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony(多石的). Deserts can also be very windy places. The wind can change the shape of the deserts. It moves sand around from place to place.
Temperatures in the desert can vary enormously(非常). During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade(阴凉处). At night, deserts can become very cold. In winter there may even be a frost (霜冻) in the early morning.
• Living in the desert
The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump(驼峰) and can go for days without water. It has large feet which help it not to fall into the soft sand. Its long eyelashes(睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms.
An oasis is an area in a desert where water may be found. The water may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit an oasis for water and food. Plants grow in oases. Some farmers are able to grow crops here.
( )1. Which of the following can best describe deserts?
A. Hot and dry.
B. Sandy and rainy.
C. Wet and stony.
( )2. The underlined word “vary” in the passage means “____”.
A. be high
B. be different
C. be similar
( )3. According to the passage, people and animals visit an oasis for ____.
A. frost and crops
B. sand and stones
C. water and food
( )4. What is the best title of the passage?
A. What is the weather like in deserts?
B. What do you know about deserts?
C. How do people live in deserts?
答案
【解析】：
1. 题目问哪个选项最能描述沙漠。原文第一段提到“Deserts can be hot and dry places.”，虽然沙漠也有 sandy 和 stony 的特点，但“hot and dry”是对沙漠整体特征的概括，A 选项符合。B 选项“rainy”（多雨的）和 C 选项“wet”（潮湿的）与原文描述不符，所以选 A。
2. 划线词“vary”所在句“Temperatures in the desert can vary enormously.”，后文接着说白天温度可达 40℃，晚上很冷，冬天早上甚至有霜冻，说明温度变化很大，“vary”意思是“变化，不同”，B 选项“be different”符合，A 选项“be high”（高的）和 C 选项“be similar”（相似的）不符合语境，所以选 B。
3. 题目问人们和动物去绿洲是为了什么。原文最后一段提到“People and animals visit an oasis for water and food.”，直接说明是为了水和食物，C 选项正确，A 选项“frost and crops”（霜冻和庄稼）和 B 选项“sand and stones”（沙子和石头）不符合原文，所以选 C。
4. 题目问文章最佳标题。文章第一段总述地球上有很多沙漠，然后分别介绍了沙漠是什么样的（包括气候、地貌等）以及沙漠中的生物（骆驼）和绿洲，是对沙漠多方面知识的介绍。A 选项只讲沙漠天气，C 选项只讲人们如何在沙漠生活，都不全面，B 选项“你对沙漠了解多少？”能概括全文内容，所以选 B。
【答案】：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B
1. 题目问哪个选项最能描述沙漠。原文第一段提到“Deserts can be hot and dry places.”，虽然沙漠也有 sandy 和 stony 的特点，但“hot and dry”是对沙漠整体特征的概括，A 选项符合。B 选项“rainy”（多雨的）和 C 选项“wet”（潮湿的）与原文描述不符，所以选 A。
2. 划线词“vary”所在句“Temperatures in the desert can vary enormously.”，后文接着说白天温度可达 40℃，晚上很冷，冬天早上甚至有霜冻，说明温度变化很大，“vary”意思是“变化，不同”，B 选项“be different”符合，A 选项“be high”（高的）和 C 选项“be similar”（相似的）不符合语境，所以选 B。
3. 题目问人们和动物去绿洲是为了什么。原文最后一段提到“People and animals visit an oasis for water and food.”，直接说明是为了水和食物，C 选项正确，A 选项“frost and crops”（霜冻和庄稼）和 B 选项“sand and stones”（沙子和石头）不符合原文，所以选 C。
4. 题目问文章最佳标题。文章第一段总述地球上有很多沙漠，然后分别介绍了沙漠是什么样的（包括气候、地貌等）以及沙漠中的生物（骆驼）和绿洲，是对沙漠多方面知识的介绍。A 选项只讲沙漠天气，C 选项只讲人们如何在沙漠生活，都不全面，B 选项“你对沙漠了解多少？”能概括全文内容，所以选 B。
【答案】：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B
