一 单词拼写
1. It is a well-known （事实）that the earth moves around the sun.
2. The weather in Kunming is （宜人的）all year round.
3. Our new class teacher is a kind and handsome man of （平均的；平常的）height.
4. China covers a large area and has a big （人口）. The different living habits of people have always been an interesting topic.

1. fact 2. pleasant 3. average 4. population

【分析】
本题为单词拼写题，需结合句子语境、括号内的中文提示，同时考虑词性和固定搭配来确定正确单词。首先通读每个句子，明确空格处所需单词的词性和含义，再匹配对应的英文词汇，注意单复数等形式（本题无特殊形式变化）。
【解析】
1. 句意：地球绕着太阳转是众所周知的事实。“事实”对应的英文名词是fact，前面有不定冠词a，用单数形式。
2. 句意：昆明的天气全年都宜人。“宜人的”是形容词，修饰名词weather，对应英文pleasant。
3. 句意：我们的新班主任是一位友善又帅气、中等身高的男士。“平均的；平常的”对应英文形容词average，average height是固定短语“中等身高”。
4. 句意：中国幅员辽阔，人口众多。“人口”对应的英文名词是population，big population是固定表达“人口众多”。
【答案】
1. fact 2. pleasant 3. average 4. population
【知识点】
单词拼写、名词用法、形容词用法
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心基础词汇的拼写及常用搭配，属于基础题型，侧重考查学生对课标要求词汇的掌握程度，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.9

二 语法填空迁移练
5. I like living in the countryside more than (live) in the city.
6. You will become much (beautiful) when you are kind to others.
7. Let's go and take the front seats so that we may see (clear).
8. Both school and families should help children improve their learning (habit).
9. The homework may be too hard for you, but you should believe in (you).
10. You're so hard-working. I believe you will enter (you) dream school.
11. Our school holds many interesting outdoor (activity) every spring.
12. He played the flute so (good) that he won first prize in the competition.
13. If you want others to notice you, you should speak (loud) than before.

5. living 6. more beautiful 7. clearly 8. habits 9. yourself 10. your 11. activities 12. well 13. louder

【分析】
本题为初中英语基础语法填空题，需结合语法规则、固定搭配及词性转换解题：1. 题5中than是比较级标志，前后比较对象结构需平行，前为动名词短语，故live用动名词形式；2. 题6中much修饰形容词比较级，beautiful是多音节形容词，需用more构成比较级；3. 题7修饰动词see需用副词，故将形容词clear转为副词；4. 题8中many后接可数名词复数，故habit变复数；5. 题9涉及固定搭配believe in oneself，主语为you，对应反身代词；6. 题10修饰名词短语需用形容词性物主代词；7. 题11中many后接可数名词复数，activity变复数需改y为i加es；8. 题12修饰动词played需用副词，故将形容词good转为副词；9. 题13中than是比较级标志，修饰动词speak用副词比较级。
【解析】
5. 考查平行结构：than连接的比较对象形式需一致，前半句为动名词短语living in...，故填live的动名词形式living；
6. 考查形容词比较级：much用于修饰形容词比较级，beautiful为多音节形容词，比较级为more beautiful，故填more beautiful；
7. 考查副词用法：此处修饰动词see，需用clear的副词形式clearly，故填clearly；
8. 考查名词复数：many后接可数名词复数，habit的复数为habits，故填habits；
9. 考查反身代词：固定搭配believe in oneself（相信自己），主语为you，对应反身代词yourself，故填yourself；
10. 考查形容词性物主代词：此处修饰名词短语dream school，需用you的形容词性物主代词your，故填your；
11. 考查名词复数：many后接可数名词复数，activity以辅音字母+y结尾，变复数需改y为i加-es，故填activities；
12. 考查副词用法：此处修饰动词played，需用good的副词形式well，故填well；
13. 考查副词比较级：由than可知用比较级，修饰动词speak用副词loud的比较级louder，故填louder。
【答案】
5. living 6. more beautiful 7. clearly 8. habits 9. yourself 10. your 11. activities 12. well 13. louder
【知识点】
比较级的用法、词性转换、名词复数
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法填空题，涵盖平行结构、比较级、词性转换等核心基础考点，侧重考查学生对基础语法规则和固定搭配的掌握，是巩固语法知识的典型题型。
【难度系数】
0.8

三 按要求完成句子
14. Jack is more hard-working than Ted.（改为同义句）
Jack than Ted.
15. I'm not as tall as my brother.（改为同义句）
I'm my brother.
16. Mark plays tennis well. Bill plays tennis well too.（合并为一句）

17. My brother gets up at 6:00 in the morning. I get up at 6:30 in the morning.（改为同义句）
My brother gets up half an hour me in the morning.

14. works harder 15. shorter than 16. Mark plays tennis as well as Bill. 17. earlier than

【分析】
这几道题均为英语比较级相关的同义转换题，解题核心是根据原句的比较含义，结合比较级的不同表达形式进行替换：14题需将“be+more hard-working”转换为实义动词work的比较级形式，注意主语的动词形式；15题“not as...as”的同义转换为比较级表达“比……矮”；16题用“as...as”合并两人相同的能力；17题根据时间差转换为“比……早”的比较级表达。
【解析】
14题：原句表达杰克比泰德更努力，“努力工作”用work hard，其比较级为work harder，主语Jack是第三人称单数，故填works harder；
15题：原句意为我不如哥哥高，同义表达为“我比哥哥矮”，即shorter than；
16题：两人网球打得都好，用as well as连接，well为副词修饰play tennis，合并后为Mark plays tennis as well as Bill；
17题：哥哥6点起床，我6点半，即哥哥比我早起半小时，用earlier than表达。
【答案】
14. works harder 15. shorter than 16. Mark plays tennis as well as Bill. 17. earlier than
【知识点】
形容词比较级、副词比较级、同义句转换
【点评】
本题考查英语基础的比较级同义转换，需掌握比较级的常见表达结构，属于常规题型，难度不大。
【难度系数】
0.6

四 阅读理解
Friends are very important in everyone’s life because friends are always there when we need them. It’s great to have many friends, and I can’t think about my life without my friends.
My name’s Molly. I am tall enough but a little fat. My best friend is Lisa. When I first met her, I was five. She is one year older than me. Now she is in the same class with me, in Grade Eight. She is tall and quite thin. She has long curly golden hair and blue eyes. Sometimes I wish I could be as beautiful as she is.
Lisa and I like doing a lot of things together and talking about different things. She always helps me with my maths and I sometimes help her with her English and history.
I once had to do a report on science, but I didn’t understand what the teacher said. The next day, I read it in front of the class. But the teacher told me that my report was wrong and all my classmates laughed at me. I felt very bad about myself. Lisa was the only one who didn’t laugh at me. She tried to be nicer than anybody else and make me happy.
I am a shy person and sometimes I feel that people don’t understand me. Lisa is friendly and everybody loves her. She is also smart and she can deal with everything. I am happy to have a friend like her.
()18. How old was Lisa when Molly first met her?
A. 5 years old.
B. 6 years old.
C. 7 years old.
D. 8 years old.
()19. Why did Molly feel bad after reading the report?
A. Because Lisa did better than her.
B. Because she didn’t read it aloud.
C. Because her classmates laughed at her.
D. Because the teacher didn’t understand her.
()20. Which of the following words CAN’T describe Lisa?
A. Shy.
B. Friendly.
C. Popular.
D. Smart.
()21. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Lisa is taller than Molly.
B. Molly is more beautiful than Lisa.
C. Lisa has brown hair and blue eyes.
D. Molly is happy to have a friend like Lisa.

18. B 19. C 20. A 21. D

【分析】做英语阅读理解题时，需先明确题目类型，带着问题回原文定位对应段落，提取关键信息后与选项逐一比对，排除错误选项得出答案。本题4道小题均为细节类题目，需精准定位原文细节完成解答。
【解析】18. 定位原文第二段：“When I first met her, I was five. She is one year older than me.”可知Molly当时5岁，Lisa比她大1岁，即6岁，故选B。19. 定位原文第四段：“But the teacher told me that my report was wrong and all my classmates laughed at me. I felt very bad about myself.”可知Molly难过是因为同学嘲笑她，故选C。20. 定位原文最后一段：“Lisa is friendly and everybody loves her. She is also smart...”可知Lisa的特点是友好、受欢迎（everybody loves her）、聪明，shy是Molly的特点，不符合Lisa，故选A。21. 定位原文最后一段：“I am happy to have a friend like her.”可知D选项正确；A选项原文未提及Lisa比Molly高，B选项与“Sometimes I wish I could be as beautiful as she is”矛盾，C选项与“long curly golden hair”矛盾，故选D。
【答案】18.B 19.C 20.A 21.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解（细节理解）、文本信息提取
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解的基础细节题，侧重考查学生定位原文信息、比对选项的能力，只要仔细阅读原文即可轻松解答。
【难度系数】0.8