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阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。
What Is a Black Hole?
Black holes are some of the most mysterious things in space. They are places where gravity(引力）is so strong that nothing can get out—not even light. 1 This makes them impossible to see with our eyes. But scientists have found smart ways to study them.
2 When a star is dying, it can fall into a very small space. All of its mass gets pressed together, making very strong gravity. The more mass that gets pressed into a small space, the stronger the gravity becomes. This is how most black holes are born. A black hole is one of the most powerful objects in the universe.
Black holes come in different sizes. The smallest ones may be as tiny as an atom（原子）, but they have the mass of a huge mountain. 3 These black holes are very common in our galaxy, the Milky Way. The largest black holes are called “supermassive（超大质量的）” and can have the mass of millions of suns put together. Scientists believe that every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its centre.
Since black holes cannot be seen, how do scientists find them? 4 When gas or stars get close to a black hole, they move in special ways. They turn around the black hole very fast before falling in. Scientists can also find high-energy light that comes out when things fall into a black hole. This light cannot be seen by human eyes, but special telescopes in space can find it.
5 With better telescopes and satellites, we may soon understand more about these amazing things. For now, black holes remain one of the universe's greatest secrets, waiting for us to discover.
A. So how do black holes form in the first place?
B. Black holes can move freely through space at high speeds.
C. Scientists are still learning new things about black holes every year.
D. They look for information by watching how nearby stars and gas behave.
E. That is why they are called “black holes”—we cannot see them directly.
F. Medium-sized black holes can be hundreds of times the mass of our sun.
1.
What Is a Black Hole?
Black holes are some of the most mysterious things in space. They are places where gravity(引力）is so strong that nothing can get out—not even light. 1 This makes them impossible to see with our eyes. But scientists have found smart ways to study them.
2 When a star is dying, it can fall into a very small space. All of its mass gets pressed together, making very strong gravity. The more mass that gets pressed into a small space, the stronger the gravity becomes. This is how most black holes are born. A black hole is one of the most powerful objects in the universe.
Black holes come in different sizes. The smallest ones may be as tiny as an atom（原子）, but they have the mass of a huge mountain. 3 These black holes are very common in our galaxy, the Milky Way. The largest black holes are called “supermassive（超大质量的）” and can have the mass of millions of suns put together. Scientists believe that every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its centre.
Since black holes cannot be seen, how do scientists find them? 4 When gas or stars get close to a black hole, they move in special ways. They turn around the black hole very fast before falling in. Scientists can also find high-energy light that comes out when things fall into a black hole. This light cannot be seen by human eyes, but special telescopes in space can find it.
5 With better telescopes and satellites, we may soon understand more about these amazing things. For now, black holes remain one of the universe's greatest secrets, waiting for us to discover.
A. So how do black holes form in the first place?
B. Black holes can move freely through space at high speeds.
C. Scientists are still learning new things about black holes every year.
D. They look for information by watching how nearby stars and gas behave.
E. That is why they are called “black holes”—we cannot see them directly.
F. Medium-sized black holes can be hundreds of times the mass of our sun.
1.
E
2. A
3. F
4. D
5. C
答案
1. E 2. A 3. F 4. D 5. C
解析
【分析】
本题为英语短文选词填空题型，需结合上下文的逻辑关系（如因果、设问、分类、问答衔接等），通读全文把握各段落主旨，再逐一匹配空白处前后的语境，选出符合逻辑的选项，同时注意选项间的对应关系。
【解析】
1. 空白处前说明黑洞引力极强，连光都无法逃逸，空白处后提到“这让它们无法用肉眼看见”，E选项“这就是为什么它们被叫做‘黑洞’——我们无法直接看见它们”，承接上文的原因，引出看不见的结果，故1选E。
2. 空白处后具体介绍恒星死亡形成黑洞的过程，属于对“黑洞如何形成”的解答，A选项“那么黑洞最初是如何形成的呢？”以设问引出下文内容，故2选A。
3. 本段围绕黑洞的大小展开，前文提到最小的黑洞，后文提到最大的“超大质量黑洞”，中间应补充中等大小的黑洞，F选项“中等大小的黑洞质量可达太阳的数百倍”符合大小分类的逻辑，故3选F。
4. 空白处前提出问题“科学家如何找到看不见的黑洞？”，后文介绍通过观察气体或恒星靠近黑洞的运动方式、探测高能光来寻找，D选项“他们通过观察附近恒星和气体的行为来寻找信息”直接回答了上文的问题，故4选D。
5. 空白处后提到未来会有更多了解，现在黑洞仍是秘密，C选项“科学家每年都在了解关于黑洞的新事物”衔接下文的发展，符合语境，故5选C。
【答案】
1.E 2.A 3.F 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、短文逻辑衔接、语境匹配
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语短文上下文逻辑关系的理解与运用，需结合段落主旨、设问、分类、问答等逻辑线索解题，题型常见且难度适中，只要理清句子间的衔接关系即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语短文选词填空题型，需结合上下文的逻辑关系（如因果、设问、分类、问答衔接等），通读全文把握各段落主旨，再逐一匹配空白处前后的语境，选出符合逻辑的选项，同时注意选项间的对应关系。
【解析】
1. 空白处前说明黑洞引力极强，连光都无法逃逸，空白处后提到“这让它们无法用肉眼看见”，E选项“这就是为什么它们被叫做‘黑洞’——我们无法直接看见它们”，承接上文的原因，引出看不见的结果，故1选E。
2. 空白处后具体介绍恒星死亡形成黑洞的过程，属于对“黑洞如何形成”的解答，A选项“那么黑洞最初是如何形成的呢？”以设问引出下文内容，故2选A。
3. 本段围绕黑洞的大小展开，前文提到最小的黑洞，后文提到最大的“超大质量黑洞”，中间应补充中等大小的黑洞，F选项“中等大小的黑洞质量可达太阳的数百倍”符合大小分类的逻辑，故3选F。
4. 空白处前提出问题“科学家如何找到看不见的黑洞？”，后文介绍通过观察气体或恒星靠近黑洞的运动方式、探测高能光来寻找，D选项“他们通过观察附近恒星和气体的行为来寻找信息”直接回答了上文的问题，故4选D。
5. 空白处后提到未来会有更多了解，现在黑洞仍是秘密，C选项“科学家每年都在了解关于黑洞的新事物”衔接下文的发展，符合语境，故5选C。
【答案】
1.E 2.A 3.F 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、短文逻辑衔接、语境匹配
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语短文上下文逻辑关系的理解与运用，需结合段落主旨、设问、分类、问答等逻辑线索解题，题型常见且难度适中，只要理清句子间的衔接关系即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
