六、词汇运用
A. 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中,每词仅用一次。
rainfall, survive, dry up, nature, surprising, where
In a dry village near the desert, summer sun made the land dusty. Crops 29. , and farmers worried. People faced a water shortage—every drop was precious.
Old Amina knew a secret. “Desert plants 30. by saving water,” she said. She helped children plant special seeds that could wait a long time for rain. Everyone waited.
Then one night, soft 31. came. Drops touched the thirsty ground. Green shoots appeared! Soon plants grew tall and villagers began to have more food.
32. , big melons grew under the sun, and green beans climbed walls. Amina smiled at the increasing food. “33. helps those who wait,” she said.
Now the village teaches others to grow strong plants. 34. sand once blew, green life dances now!

29. dried up 30. survive 31. rainfall 32. Surprisingly 33. Nature 34. Where

【分析】首先通读短文，理解短文讲述干旱村庄借助节水植物改善生存状况的故事。逐个分析每个空：1. 29空：前文提到夏季干旱导致土地尘土、缺水，可知庄稼“干涸”，结合前文过去式语境，需用dry up的过去式；2. 30空：沙漠植物通过节水实现“生存”，主语为复数，一般现在时用动词原形；3. 31空：后文提到雨滴降临，此处指“雨水”，rainfall符合语境；4. 32空：后文描述植物意外生长的结果，需用副词修饰整个句子，surprising要转换为副词且句首大写；5. 33空：此处是谚语类表达，指“自然”的作用，需用名词且句首大写；6. 34空：引导地点状语从句，表“曾经沙子吹的地方”，用Where且句首大写。
【解析】29. 结合干旱语境及过去时态，dry up的过去式为dried up；30. 沙漠植物靠节水生存，主语为复数，一般现在时用survive原形；31. 柔和的雨水降临，rainfall符合语境；32. 修饰整个句子用副词，surprising转换为Surprisingly；33. 此处指自然的作用，用Nature；34. 引导地点从句用Where。
【答案】29. dried up 30. survive 31. rainfall 32. Surprisingly 33. Nature 34. Where
【知识点】词汇运用、动词时态、词性转换
【点评】本题考查词汇在语境中的灵活运用，需结合句意、时态、词性变化及固定表达解题，注重基础词汇的实际应用能力。
【难度系数】0.7

B. 阅读下面短文,根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
In ancient times, people looked closely at the world around them. They saw the
35. (太阳) and the moon rise, the seasons change, and animals come
and go. They wanted to understand these patterns to 36. (计划) their
farming and lives better. They noticed ten main symbols connected to the sky and twelve
linked to the earth 37. (通过) mixing these symbols, a cycle of sixty years
was created. This system was a natural 38. (历法) for many tasks.
Farmers used this knowledge to 39. (决定) the best time to plant
seeds. They found some years were better for certain crops. This was
40. (尤其) true for knowing when the rains would come. The
41. (到来) of a new season was predicted by 42. (观察) the
stars. This ancient 43. (智慧), passed down through generations, has
helped people live in harmony with nature’s rhythm.

35. sun 36. plan 37. By 38. calendar 39. decide 40. especially 41. arrival 42. observing 43. wisdom

【分析】
本题为英语根据汉语提示填写单词的题型，解题思路为：先明确括号内汉语对应的英语词汇词义，再结合句子语法结构（如不定式后接动词原形、介词后接动名词、修饰形容词用副词、句首单词首字母大写等）判断所需词汇的词性，最终确定单词的正确形式。
【解析】
35. 空格处需填名词，对应汉语“太阳”，故填sun；
36. 此处为不定式作目的状语，to后接动词原形，对应汉语“计划”，故填plan；
37. 空格处需填介词表“通过”，且位于句首，首字母大写，故填By；
38. 空格前有不定冠词a，需填名词单数，对应汉语“历法”，故填calendar；
39. 此处为不定式作目的状语，to后接动词原形，对应汉语“决定”，故填decide；
40. 空格处修饰形容词true，需填副词，对应汉语“尤其”，故填especially；
41. 空格处作主语，需填名词，对应汉语“到来”，故填arrival；
42. 空格前为介词by，后接动名词，对应汉语“观察”，故填observing；
43. 空格处作主语，需填名词，对应汉语“智慧”，故填wisdom。
【答案】
35. sun 36. plan 37. By 38. calendar 39. decide 40. especially 41. arrival 42. observing 43. wisdom
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、词性辨析、介词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的拼写及在句子中的正确形式，注重核心词汇的运用，难度适中，适合巩固英语基础词汇知识。
【难度系数】
0.7

词汇拓展 Can you guess the part of speech and the meaning of the underlined words in the passage(s) above?
44. recreation:
45. rhythm:

44. n. 娱乐
45. n. 节奏

【分析】解答这类词汇拓展题，需结合日常积累的词汇知识，先判断单词的常见词性，再回忆其对应词义。对于recreation，它是常用的名词；rhythm同样是常见的名词，结合所学即可得出答案。
【解析】44. recreation的词性为名词，词义是娱乐；45. rhythm的词性为名词，词义是节奏。
【答案】44. n. 娱乐
45. n. 节奏
【知识点】英语词汇；词性；词义
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的词性与词义，属于英语学习的核心基础内容，难度较低，需学生掌握常见核心词汇。
【难度系数】0.8

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