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七、书面表达(满分30分)
A. 句子翻译(每小题2分,满分10分)
71. 英国人在正式场合通常如何称呼别人？
72. 我意识到他当时太忙了，没空回复我。
73. 要想透彻地理解这部小说，一次读太多是不好的。
74. 我爸爸总是信守承诺，所以他足够可靠，可以赢得别人的称赞。
75. 程老师看到他的学生们站在雪地里恭敬地等着他，很是感动。
A. 句子翻译(每小题2分,满分10分)
71. 英国人在正式场合通常如何称呼别人？
How do British people normally address others in a formal situation?
72. 我意识到他当时太忙了，没空回复我。
I realized that he was too busy to reply to me at that moment.
73. 要想透彻地理解这部小说，一次读太多是不好的。
To understand the novel fully, it is not a good idea to read too much all at once.
74. 我爸爸总是信守承诺，所以他足够可靠，可以赢得别人的称赞。
My dad always keeps his word, so he is trustworthy enough to win others' praise.
75. 程老师看到他的学生们站在雪地里恭敬地等着他，很是感动。
Mr Cheng was moved to see his students standing in the snow to wait for him respectfully.
答案
71. How do British people normally address others in a formal situation?
72. I realized that he was too busy to reply to me at that moment.
73. To understand the novel fully, it is not a good idea to read too much all at once.
74. My dad always keeps his word, so he is trustworthy enough to win others' praise.
75. Mr Cheng was moved to see his students standing in the snow to wait for him respectfully.
72. I realized that he was too busy to reply to me at that moment.
73. To understand the novel fully, it is not a good idea to read too much all at once.
74. My dad always keeps his word, so he is trustworthy enough to win others' praise.
75. Mr Cheng was moved to see his students standing in the snow to wait for him respectfully.
解析
【分析】
这是5道汉译英句子翻译题，解题时可以按照以下思路一步步完成：1. 先通读中文句子，梳理句子的主干逻辑，判断句子类型（是疑问句、并列句还是带从句的复合句）；2. 回忆对应核心含义的固定短语搭配，比如“正式场合”“信守承诺”“回复”这些高频考点的标准译法；3. 选择适配的常用句型，比如it作形式主语、too...to...、形容词+enough to do等结构，让译文更符合英语表达习惯；4. 核对时态、主谓一致、副词修饰位置这些细节，避免语法错误，保证译文通顺符合英语表达逻辑。
【解析】
逐题拆解翻译逻辑：
71. 该句是特殊疑问句，用How作疑问词表“如何”，主语“英国人”译为British people，“通常称呼别人”译为normally address others，状语“在正式场合”译为in a formal situation，按照特殊疑问句“疑问词+助动词do+主语+谓语+状语”的结构组合即可。
72. 主句“我意识到”用一般过去时译为I realized，后面接宾语从句，从句用固定结构too...to...表达“太…而不能”的含义，“回复我”译为reply to me，时间状语“当时”译为at that moment，组合后语义通顺。
73. 开头用不定式To understand the novel fully作目的状语，后续用it作形式主语的常用句型it is not a good idea to do sth，把真正主语“一次读太多”to read too much all at once后置，避免句子头重脚轻，符合英语表达习惯。
74. 前半句核心短语“信守承诺”译为固定搭配keeps his word，主语my dad是第三人称单数，谓语用三单形式；后半句用“adj+enough to do”结构，“足够可靠”译为trustworthy enough，“赢得别人的称赞”译为win others' praise，用so连接前后分句体现因果逻辑。
75. 主句“程老师很感动”译为Mr Cheng was moved，搭配be moved to do sth的结构，后续用see sb doing sth的非谓语结构表达“看见某人正在做某事”，“站在雪地里”译为standing in the snow，“恭敬地等他”用不定式作目的状语to wait for him respectfully，副词respectfully修饰动作wait符合语法规则。
【答案】
71. How do British people normally address others in a formal situation?
72. I realized that he was too busy to reply to me at that moment.
73. To understand the novel fully, it is not a good idea to read too much all at once.
74. My dad always keeps his word, so he is trustworthy enough to win others' praise.
75. Mr Cheng was moved to see his students standing in the snow to wait for him respectfully.
【知识点】
汉译英固定搭配，it作形式主语，非谓语动词用法
【点评】
本题覆盖了初中英语翻译的高频考点，涉及特殊疑问句、宾语从句、多个经典固定句型的考察，既要求学生熟记核心短语的标准译法，也要求学生能灵活选用符合英语表达习惯的句式，规避逐字翻译的中式英语问题，是检验学生基础句型掌握程度的典型题型。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是5道汉译英句子翻译题，解题时可以按照以下思路一步步完成：1. 先通读中文句子，梳理句子的主干逻辑，判断句子类型（是疑问句、并列句还是带从句的复合句）；2. 回忆对应核心含义的固定短语搭配，比如“正式场合”“信守承诺”“回复”这些高频考点的标准译法；3. 选择适配的常用句型，比如it作形式主语、too...to...、形容词+enough to do等结构，让译文更符合英语表达习惯；4. 核对时态、主谓一致、副词修饰位置这些细节，避免语法错误，保证译文通顺符合英语表达逻辑。
【解析】
逐题拆解翻译逻辑：
71. 该句是特殊疑问句，用How作疑问词表“如何”，主语“英国人”译为British people，“通常称呼别人”译为normally address others，状语“在正式场合”译为in a formal situation，按照特殊疑问句“疑问词+助动词do+主语+谓语+状语”的结构组合即可。
72. 主句“我意识到”用一般过去时译为I realized，后面接宾语从句，从句用固定结构too...to...表达“太…而不能”的含义，“回复我”译为reply to me，时间状语“当时”译为at that moment，组合后语义通顺。
73. 开头用不定式To understand the novel fully作目的状语，后续用it作形式主语的常用句型it is not a good idea to do sth，把真正主语“一次读太多”to read too much all at once后置，避免句子头重脚轻，符合英语表达习惯。
74. 前半句核心短语“信守承诺”译为固定搭配keeps his word，主语my dad是第三人称单数，谓语用三单形式；后半句用“adj+enough to do”结构，“足够可靠”译为trustworthy enough，“赢得别人的称赞”译为win others' praise，用so连接前后分句体现因果逻辑。
75. 主句“程老师很感动”译为Mr Cheng was moved，搭配be moved to do sth的结构，后续用see sb doing sth的非谓语结构表达“看见某人正在做某事”，“站在雪地里”译为standing in the snow，“恭敬地等他”用不定式作目的状语to wait for him respectfully，副词respectfully修饰动作wait符合语法规则。
【答案】
71. How do British people normally address others in a formal situation?
72. I realized that he was too busy to reply to me at that moment.
73. To understand the novel fully, it is not a good idea to read too much all at once.
74. My dad always keeps his word, so he is trustworthy enough to win others' praise.
75. Mr Cheng was moved to see his students standing in the snow to wait for him respectfully.
【知识点】
汉译英固定搭配，it作形式主语，非谓语动词用法
【点评】
本题覆盖了初中英语翻译的高频考点，涉及特殊疑问句、宾语从句、多个经典固定句型的考察，既要求学生熟记核心短语的标准译法，也要求学生能灵活选用符合英语表达习惯的句式，规避逐字翻译的中式英语问题，是检验学生基础句型掌握程度的典型题型。
【难度系数】
0.6
B. 写作(满分20分)
请你以"When in China，Do As the Chinese Do!"为题，按以下写作提示写一篇文章，向西方读者介绍我们中国的饮食文化，词数100左右(标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数)。提示如下：
1. What time are lunch and dinner served in China?
2. How to eat food?
3. How to behave politely while eating with the old?
4. Is it a good idea to talk about food during a meal?
When in China，Do As the Chinese Do!
Meals in China are different in some ways from meals in the West.
请你以"When in China，Do As the Chinese Do!"为题，按以下写作提示写一篇文章，向西方读者介绍我们中国的饮食文化，词数100左右(标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数)。提示如下：
1. What time are lunch and dinner served in China?
2. How to eat food?
3. How to behave politely while eating with the old?
4. Is it a good idea to talk about food during a meal?
When in China，Do As the Chinese Do!
Meals in China are different in some ways from meals in the West.
答案
B. 写作
When in China. Do As the Chinese Do!
Meals in China are different in some ways from meals in the West.
First, in China, lunch is usually served at around 12 o'clock. As for dinner, Chinese people eat much earlier than people in the West. Besides, for dinner, there'll be lots of different dishes, not just three courses. Second, chopsticks are used to eat most food. Also, it is impolite to eat first while eating with the old. You're supposed to wait for the old to begin eating. Finally, Chinese people like to talk about food, so it's a good topic during a meal.
In a word, the golden rule is: When you're in China, watch the Chinese and do as they do!
When in China. Do As the Chinese Do!
Meals in China are different in some ways from meals in the West.
First, in China, lunch is usually served at around 12 o'clock. As for dinner, Chinese people eat much earlier than people in the West. Besides, for dinner, there'll be lots of different dishes, not just three courses. Second, chopsticks are used to eat most food. Also, it is impolite to eat first while eating with the old. You're supposed to wait for the old to begin eating. Finally, Chinese people like to talk about food, so it's a good topic during a meal.
In a word, the golden rule is: When you're in China, watch the Chinese and do as they do!
解析
【分析】
拿到这道写作题，首先要先明确核心要求：主题是向西方读者介绍中国饮食文化，标题和开头已经给出，词数控制在100左右，必须完整覆盖题干列出的4个提示问题。接下来可以顺着提示的顺序梳理行文逻辑：第一步先回答第一个问题，说明中国午餐、晚餐的常规用餐时间，补充晚餐菜品丰富的特点；第二步回答第二个问题，介绍中国人用筷子进食的习惯；第三步回答第三个问题，说明和长辈共餐的礼貌规范，要等长辈先动筷；第四步回答第四个问题，明确用餐时聊食物是非常合适的好话题；最后收尾点出入乡随俗的核心，呼应标题。行文时用过渡词串联内容，保证逻辑连贯，规避语法错误即可。
【解析】
1. 审题定位：确定文体为介绍类说明文，受众是西方读者，核心考察要点覆盖能力和基础话题表达能力，不需要过于复杂的高级句式，表意清晰准确即可。
2. 搭建框架：用First作为过渡引出用餐时间的相关内容，用Second过渡引出用餐工具的相关说明，之后自然衔接和长辈共餐的礼仪要求，再用Finally过渡说明用餐聊天的相关规则，最后用简短的总结句呼应标题的入乡随俗主题。
3. 核查修正：写完后核对4个提示要点是否全部覆盖，确认词数符合100左右的要求，排查拼写、语法错误，保证行文流畅自然。
【答案】
When in China, Do As the Chinese Do!
Meals in China are different in some ways from meals in the West.
First, in China, lunch is usually served at around 12 o'clock. As for dinner, Chinese people eat much earlier than people in the West. Besides, for dinner, there'll be lots of different dishes, not just three courses. Second, chopsticks are used to eat most food. Also, it is impolite to eat first while eating with the old. You're supposed to wait for the old to begin eating. Finally, Chinese people like to talk about food, so it's a good topic during a meal.
In a word, the golden rule is: When you're in China, watch the Chinese and do as they do!
【知识点】
要点类英语写作，饮食文化话题表达，说明文谋篇布局
【点评】
本题紧扣中华传统文化传播的考察导向，给定了非常明确的写作提示要点，大幅降低了考生的构思门槛，学生只需要把四个提示对应的内容用通顺准确的英文表达出来，补充简单的衔接内容就能完成合格的作文，既考察了学生的基础英语输出能力，也引导学生主动梳理、传播中国传统饮食礼仪文化。
【难度系数】
0.7
拿到这道写作题，首先要先明确核心要求：主题是向西方读者介绍中国饮食文化，标题和开头已经给出，词数控制在100左右，必须完整覆盖题干列出的4个提示问题。接下来可以顺着提示的顺序梳理行文逻辑：第一步先回答第一个问题，说明中国午餐、晚餐的常规用餐时间，补充晚餐菜品丰富的特点；第二步回答第二个问题，介绍中国人用筷子进食的习惯；第三步回答第三个问题，说明和长辈共餐的礼貌规范，要等长辈先动筷；第四步回答第四个问题，明确用餐时聊食物是非常合适的好话题；最后收尾点出入乡随俗的核心，呼应标题。行文时用过渡词串联内容，保证逻辑连贯，规避语法错误即可。
【解析】
1. 审题定位：确定文体为介绍类说明文，受众是西方读者，核心考察要点覆盖能力和基础话题表达能力，不需要过于复杂的高级句式，表意清晰准确即可。
2. 搭建框架：用First作为过渡引出用餐时间的相关内容，用Second过渡引出用餐工具的相关说明，之后自然衔接和长辈共餐的礼仪要求，再用Finally过渡说明用餐聊天的相关规则，最后用简短的总结句呼应标题的入乡随俗主题。
3. 核查修正：写完后核对4个提示要点是否全部覆盖，确认词数符合100左右的要求，排查拼写、语法错误，保证行文流畅自然。
【答案】
When in China, Do As the Chinese Do!
Meals in China are different in some ways from meals in the West.
First, in China, lunch is usually served at around 12 o'clock. As for dinner, Chinese people eat much earlier than people in the West. Besides, for dinner, there'll be lots of different dishes, not just three courses. Second, chopsticks are used to eat most food. Also, it is impolite to eat first while eating with the old. You're supposed to wait for the old to begin eating. Finally, Chinese people like to talk about food, so it's a good topic during a meal.
In a word, the golden rule is: When you're in China, watch the Chinese and do as they do!
【知识点】
要点类英语写作，饮食文化话题表达，说明文谋篇布局
【点评】
本题紧扣中华传统文化传播的考察导向，给定了非常明确的写作提示要点，大幅降低了考生的构思门槛，学生只需要把四个提示对应的内容用通顺准确的英文表达出来，补充简单的衔接内容就能完成合格的作文，既考察了学生的基础英语输出能力，也引导学生主动梳理、传播中国传统饮食礼仪文化。
【难度系数】
0.7
