一、根据括号中的中文提示，写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。
1. The TV show *A journey built around good taste* brings some (客人) to visit cities around China and explore the local cooking style.
2. With the development of (旅游业), there are many visitors in Gansu.
3. Zhou and his friends set up an online shop to help the (村民).
4. It's (普遍的) knowledge that practice makes perfect.
5. As our life becomes better, the roads in this city become (宽阔的).
6. We should listen to others politely before giving our (观点).
7. William's encouraging words always make Bob feel (抱有希望) about each new day.
8. To be good citizens, we should draw clear dividing (线) between good and bad.
9. After the plane landed safely, all the passengers (迈步) out of the plane one by one.

1. guests 2. tourism 3. villagers 4. common 5. wider 6. opinions 7. hopeful 8. lines 9. stepped

【分析】
做这类根据中文提示写单词的题目，解题思路分三步：第一先通读完整句子，理清句子整体含义；第二结合给出的中文提示，先锁定对应的基础英文单词；第三重点观察空格前后的语法线索，比如限定词some、物主代词our、前后句的比较提示、时态标志、固定搭配要求等，判断单词是否需要做单复数、比较级、过去式、词性转换等变形，最后把填好的词代入句子，核对句意通顺度和语法合理性即可。
【解析】
1. 句意为：电视节目《味道中的旅程》邀请一些客人游览中国各地城市，探索当地烹饪风格。“客人”对应英文guest，是可数名词，空格前有some（一些）修饰，需要用复数形式，故填guests。
2. 句意为：随着旅游业的发展，甘肃有很多游客。“旅游业”对应英文tourism，是不可数名词，直接填原形即可，故填tourism。
3. 句意为：周和他的朋友们开了一家网店来帮助村民。此处指代当地的村民群体，是多个村民，“村民”villager需要变复数，故填villagers。
4. 句意为：熟能生巧是普遍常识。固定搭配common knowledge表示“常识”，“普遍的”对应形容词common，故填common。
5. 句意为：随着我们的生活变得更好，这座城市的道路变得更宽阔了。前半句出现提示词better，暗含和过去的道路做比较，“宽阔的”wide需要用比较级形式，故填wider。
6. 句意为：在给出我们的观点之前，我们应该礼貌地倾听他人。“我们的”指代多人，对应的观点不止一个，“观点”opinion需要变复数，故填opinions。
7. 句意为：威廉鼓舞人心的话语总是让鲍勃对每一个新的一天都抱有希望。固定结构make sb + 形容词表示“让某人处于某种状态”，“抱有希望的”对应形容词hopeful，故填hopeful。
8. 句意为：要成为好公民，我们要在善恶之间划清明确的界限。固定搭配dividing lines表示“分界线、界限”，此处指代多组是非界限，“线”line需要变复数，故填lines。
9. 句意为：飞机安全着陆之后，所有乘客一个接一个迈步走出飞机。前半句的landed是一般过去式，整句时态为一般过去时，“迈步”step需要变过去式，故填stepped。
【答案】
1. guests 2. tourism 3. villagers 4. common 5. wider 6. opinions 7. hopeful 8. lines 9. stepped
【知识点】
单词拼写，名词单复数，词形转换
【点评】
本题结合日常语境考查基础词汇的运用，考点覆盖名词单复数变形、形容词比较级、动词时态、固定搭配等核心基础知识点，很多同学容易只写出单词原形忽略语境要求的形式变化，做完后一定要结合前后文的语法线索二次核对，避免不必要的失分。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整通顺。
I went back to my hometown in the mountains last week. In the past, it took almost a whole day 1 (get) there by bus. The mountain roads were narrow and bumpy, and my family was poor. The local 2 (village) seldom went out, and few visitors came here.
But now, everything 3 (change). A new high - speed railway station has been built near the town. I 4 (take) the train this time, and the trip was smooth! With the railway, life here is becoming better and 5 (hope).
My uncle told me that in the past, young people always moved to cities to work. However, many of them 6 (return) home over the years. Some have started homestays (民宿) or small restaurants. They warmly welcome tourists who arrive on the high - speed train. "We 7 (have) a better future," my uncle said with a smile.
Last weekend, I saw many city tourists playing at the village square. Some villagers 8 (perform) traditional dances, 9 (make) the visitors very happy.
The high - speed train has connected this village to the rest of China. The villagers pay more attention to the 10 (guest) experience and are working together to build a better hometown. The past was hard, but the present is full of hope, all thanks to the railway that brings people closer.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. to get 2. villagers 3. has changed 4. took 5. more hopeful 6. have returned 7. will have 8. were performing 9. making 10. guests'

【分析】
做这类短文词形填空题，首先要先通读全文，明确文章以过去和现在的家乡变化为叙事主线，先整体把握不同段落的时态基调，再逐空结合语法规则、固定搭配、句义逻辑推导单词的正确变形：首先优先识别固定句型确定非谓语形式，再根据形容词修饰成分判断词性转换和名词单复数，之后抓住时间标志词匹配对应时态结构，遇到并列结构要注意形式统一，最后校验非谓语作状语、名词所有格这类特殊变形的拼写是否符合语义要求。
【解析】
1. 此处对应固定句型It takes (sb) + 时长 + to do sth，it作形式主语，真正主语为后续的不定式结构，因此填to get。
2. 空格前形容词local修饰名词，句意为“当地村民很少外出”，villager为可数名词，此处指代全体村民群体，用复数形式villagers。
3. 句首提示转折时间状语But now，强调从过去到现在的变化结果，主语everything为单数，现在完成时结构为has+过去分词，因此填has changed。
4. 本次坐火车是上周返乡过程中发生的过去动作，用一般过去时，take的过去式为took。
5. 空格前and连接并列的比较级，hopeful的比较级形式为more hopeful，和前面的better对应，表达“越来越好、越来越有希望”的含义。
6. 时间标志over the years（这些年来）是现在完成时的典型提示词，主语many of them为复数，因此填have returned。
7. 句意为“我们会拥有更好的未来”，描述未来的预期，用一般将来时结构will have。
8. 时间背景为Last weekend，表达“我看到游客游玩时，村民们正在表演传统舞蹈”的过去正在进行的动作，主语为复数，过去进行时结构为were+doing，因此填were performing。
9. 此处为现在分词作结果状语，表达“村民表演舞蹈”这个动作自然带来的“游客十分开心”的结果，因此填making。
10. 此处需要名词所有格修饰后面的名词experience，指代所有客人的体验，guest先变复数guests，再添加所有格符号'，因此填guests'。
【答案】
1. to get 2. villagers 3. has changed 4. took 5. more hopeful 6. have returned 7. will have 8. were performing 9. making 10. guests'
【知识点】
动词时态辨析，非谓语动词，词形转换
【点评】
本题以高铁带动山区乡村发展为叙事语境，覆盖了初中英语词形填空的核心考点，既考察了固定句型、基础时态这类常规知识点，也设置了现在分词作结果状语、复数名词所有格这类易失分的细节考点，能够有效检验学生结合上下文语境灵活运用语法规则的能力，避免孤立记背单词变形的误区。
【难度系数】
0.6