Ⅳ. [2024·宜宾]语法填空
In China, when you want to travel on a high-speed train, you can now choose a quiet car. The big train company in China has started this on some train lines, 1. the ones from Beijing to Shanghai, Beijing to Guangzhou, and Chengdu to Chongqing.
You can choose a quiet car when you buy your train ticket on the website 12306. cn 2. can offer train tickets. You can ask for a quiet seat in the 3. (two) class (等级). On the 12306 phone app, if a train has a quiet car, you 4. (find) a “quiet” sign.
After you buy your ticket, you will receive 5. message telling you not to make any noise in the quiet car. You should use headphones when 6. (listen) to music and go outside the quiet car if you talk on the phone. Parents must make sure their 7. (child) behave well so that they won’t cause any trouble for others. The conductors (列车员) will speak more 8. (soft). They also know when each person will get off the train and can tell 9. (they) quietly.
If you would like 10. (buy) some food, you can scan (扫描) a special code on the arm of your seat. Follow the steps to order, and the salesperson will bring it to you.
Now, you can enjoy a nice and quiet train trip!

1. like/including
2. that/which
3. second
4. will find
5. a
6. listening
7. children
8. softly
9. them
10. to buy

【分析】本题为语法填空题，需结合上下文语境及英语语法规则（如定语从句、时态、非谓语动词等）逐一确定答案。解题思路：先通读全文理解“中国高铁推出静音车厢”的主题，再针对每个空格分析句子结构、所需词性、语法规则，结合上下文逻辑推导答案。例如第1空需表举例，第2空考查定语从句关系词，第3空需用序数词，第4空遵循“主将从现”，第5空泛指用不定冠词，第6空用现在分词作状语，第7空需名词复数，第8空用副词修饰动词，第9空用代词宾格，第10空为固定搭配。
【解析】1. 考查介词，前文提到“一些线路推出静音车厢”，后文列举具体线路，此处表“比如、包括”，故填like/including；2. 考查定语从句，先行词为the website（指物），关系词在从句中作主语，故用that/which；3. 考查序数词，“二等舱”的固定表达为second class，故填second；4. 考查时态，if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，故填will find；5. 考查冠词，此处泛指“一条消息”，且message以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a；6. 考查非谓语动词，when引导的时间状语从句省略了主语you和be动词are，需用现在分词listening；7. 考查名词复数，形容词性物主代词their后接可数名词复数，child的复数为children；8. 考查副词，修饰动词speak需用副词，soft的副词形式为softly；9. 考查代词，动词tell后接宾语，需用宾格形式，they的宾格为them；10. 考查固定搭配，would like to do sth为固定用法，意为“想要做某事”，故填to buy。
【答案】1. like/including；2. that/which；3. second；4. will find；5. a；6. listening；7. children；8. softly；9. them；10. to buy
【知识点】定语从句、非谓语动词、序数词
【点评】本题考查英语语法填空的核心考点，涵盖定语从句、时态、非谓语动词等基础知识，要求学生结合语境与语法规则灵活运用，难度适中，适合初中或高中学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6

Ⅴ. 完形填空
|主题|难度|建议用时|实际用时|
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
|人物|中||6分钟|
【阅读导读】本文中作者介绍了对自己的人生产生重要影响的一位老师。
In our life, we meet quite a lot of people: Some just pass by while others can our lives. Miss Bella is such a person. She taught me two years only. , she has taught me a lot in many ways.
Every day she began her classes with a smile and a fresh face. She made me realize that warm could change a person. I was shy but I wasn't in her classes at all. She gave lessons in a way from other teachers. We had many chances to talk about in English classes. Miss Bella would thumb up（竖起大拇指）to encourage us someone had great ideas. Now, I that I have learned much from her classes. Learning to speak out your ideas is so in
society. She also made me realize that I could be myself by showing opinions . Her encouragement not only turned me into a confident student, but will also lead me to a successful life.
()1. A. save B. give C. change D. destroy
()2. A. Now B. Then C. First D. However
()3. A. faces B. smiles C. seasons D. weather
()4. A. alone B. active C. nervous D. excited
()5. A. useful B. helpful C. necessary D. different
()6. A. reports B. choices C. problems D. truths
()7. A. when B. before C. unless D. though
()8. A. say B. find C. forget D. decide
()9. A. easy B. hard C. interesting D. important
()10. A. calmly B. bravely C. politely D. happily
我最喜欢的老师：

1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D
6.C 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.B

【分析】
先通读全文，明确文章主旨是介绍对自己人生产生重要影响的老师。解题时需结合上下文语境、逻辑关系、词义辨析来逐一分析：先判断句子前后的逻辑（如转折、时间等），再辨析选项词汇的含义，最终选出符合语境的答案。
【解析】
1. 句意为“有些人只是路过，而有些人能改变我们的生活”，结合文章主旨，选C.change；
2. 前句说“她只教了我两年”，后句说“她在很多方面教了我很多”，为转折关系，故选D.However；
3. 前文提到“每天带着微笑”，此处指温暖的微笑，选B.smiles；
4. 句意为“我很害羞，但在她的课上一点也不紧张”，选C.nervous；
5. 句意为“她的授课方式和其他老师不同”，选D.different；
6. 句意为“我们有很多机会在英语课上讨论问题”，选C.problems；
7. 句意为“当有人有好想法时，她会竖大拇指鼓励我们”，选A.when；
8. 句意为“现在我发现我从她的课上学到了很多”，选B.find；
9. 句意为“学会说出你的想法在社会中很重要”，选D.important；
10. 句意为“她还让我意识到可以通过勇敢表达观点做自己”，选B.bravely。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.B
【知识点】
完形填空解题、词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本题为人物主题的完形填空，难度中等，侧重考查学生对上下文逻辑关系、词汇含义及语境运用的理解，需结合文章主旨逐一分析选项，适合中等水平学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.5