四、(2024·盐城期中；传统文化)阅读理解。
We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins and drums. What about the erhu? The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.
The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities(少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to play different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompaniment(伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo(独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is "Erquan Yingyue".
As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally(口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians(历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves(东千佛洞) in Gansu Province, where erhu pictures were discovered on murals(壁画).
1. When did the erhu become a popular instrument?
A. In the Tang Dynasty.
B. In the Song Dynasty.
C. In the Ming Dynasty.
D. In recent years.
()
2. To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ______.
A. play the most famous erhu pieces
B. listen to different kinds of folk music
C. get help from ancient paintings
D. read some books about ethnic minorities
()
3. Which is true according to the passage?
A. The huqin belongs to the erhu family.
B. Folk art stops the development of the erhu.
C. People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.
D. The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now.
()
4. The passage mainly talks about ______.
A. the forms of folk music
B. the history of the erhu
C. the rise of different dynasties
D. the development of Chinese instruments
()
5. (创新考法·组合式选择)Which of the following statements about the erhu are correct?
① It is a traditional Chinese instrument.
② It developed from the xiqin in the Tang Dynasty.
③ It is only used in traditional Chinese music now.
④ There are many written records about its history.
A. ①②
B. ①③
C. ②④
D. ③④
()

【解析】：
这是一篇关于二胡的历史和发展的阅读理解题。需要根据题干内容，结合文章的内容，来选出正确的选项。
1. 题目询问二胡在何时成为受欢迎的乐器，根据文章内容，“ In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to play different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument.”这句话直接给出了答案，即在宋代，二胡成为相当受欢迎的乐器。
2. 题目询问历史学者通常如何研究二胡的历史，文章中提到，“To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians(历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings.”这句话说明了历史学者通常通过古画来研究二胡的历史。
3. 题目要求选出文章中描述正确的选项，根据文章内容，“At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz.”这句话说明了二胡现在不仅用于传统音乐，也用于现代音乐，包括流行、摇滚和爵士。
4. 题目询问文章主要讨论的内容，通过阅读整篇文章，可以发现文章主要讲述了二胡的历史和发展。
5. 题目是一个组合式选择题，要求选出关于二胡的正确描述。根据文章内容，“The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument.”和“The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities(少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty.”这两句话分别验证了选项①和②的正确性。而文章中明确提到二胡不仅用于传统音乐，也用于现代音乐，所以选项③是错误的。同时，文章也提到关于二胡的书面记录很少，所以选项④也是错误的。
【答案】：
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. A

翻译:
### 四、（2024·盐城期中；传统文化）阅读理解。
我们很了解很多乐器，比如钢琴、小提琴和鼓。那二胡呢？二胡是一种中国传统乐器。它是胡琴家族中最受欢迎的（乐器），并且有着悠久的历史。
现代二胡由奚琴发展而来，奚琴在唐朝时被很多少数民族演奏。在宋朝，乐师们开始用二胡演奏不同种类的音乐，它也变得相当受欢迎。随着一些民间艺术形式的兴起，二胡艺术在明清时期发展迅速。它成为了不同民间音乐中一种重要的伴奏乐器。目前，它被用于传统音乐和现代音乐中，比如流行乐、摇滚乐和爵士乐。它甚至已经成为一种独奏乐器。用二胡演奏的最著名的乐曲之一是《二泉映月》。
由于二胡主要由普通人演奏，且演奏技巧是口头传承的，所以能找到的关于二胡的文字记载很少。为了研究二胡的历史和发展，历史学者通常会求助于古画。这种乐器最早的图像是在甘肃省的榆林窟和东千佛洞被发现的，在那里的壁画上发现了二胡的图像。
1. 二胡什么时候变得受欢迎的？
A. 在唐朝。
B. 在宋朝。
C. 在明朝。
D. 在近年来。
2. 为了研究二胡的历史，历史学者通常______。
A. 演奏最著名的二胡曲
B. 听不同种类的民间音乐
C. 从古代绘画中获取帮助
D. 阅读一些关于少数民族的书籍
3. 根据文章，哪一项是正确的？
A. 胡琴属于二胡家族。
B. 民间艺术阻碍了二胡的发展。
C. 人们能找到很多关于二胡的文字记载。
D. 现在二胡被用于传统音乐和现代音乐中。
4. 这篇文章主要谈论了______。
A. 民间音乐的形式
B. 二胡的历史
C. 不同朝代的兴起
D. 中国乐器的发展
5. （创新考法·组合式选择）关于二胡，下列哪些陈述是正确的？
① 它是一种中国传统乐器。
② 它在唐朝由奚琴发展而来。
③ 现在它只用于中国传统音乐中。
④ 关于它的历史有很多文字记载。
A. ①②
B. ①③
C. ②④
D. ③④