一、根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. It was a (shame) that many villages had no clean water in the past, but now things have changed.
2. With beautiful scenery shared online, the village has attracted many (view) from different cities.
3. The (economy) growth in rural areas has created more jobs for young people.
4. The government has taken action to prevent soil from (slide) on the hillsides.
5. The villagers take (proud) in their new library and clean streets.

1. shame
2. viewers
3. economic
4. sliding
5. pride

【分析】
本题考查英语词汇的适当形式填空，需结合词性、固定搭配等知识解题：1. 空格前有不定冠词a，需填名词；2. many后接可数名词复数，需转换对应名词的复数形式；3. 修饰名词需用形容词，需转换名词为形容词；4. 固定搭配prevent...from doing sth中，介词from后接动名词；5. 固定短语take pride in需用名词，需转换形容词为名词。
【解析】
1. 不定冠词a后接名词，shame本身为名词，意为“令人遗憾的事”，故填shame；
2. many修饰可数名词复数，view对应的表示“参观者”的名词是viewer，复数形式为viewers，故填viewers；
3. 此处修饰名词growth，需用形容词，economy的形容词形式为economic，意为“经济的”，故填economic；
4. 固定搭配prevent...from doing sth中，from是介词，后接动名词，slide的动名词形式为sliding，故填sliding；
5. 固定短语take pride in意为“以……为傲”，需用名词，proud的名词形式为pride，故填pride。
【答案】
1. shame
2. viewers
3. economic
4. sliding
5. pride
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、名词的数
【点评】
本题为英语基础词汇题，考查词性转换、固定搭配及名词复数等核心知识点，难度适中，侧重学生对基础词汇变形和常用短语的掌握。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、选出正确答案并填在横线上。
1. Before the new semester, our teacher let us a short video to get a common idea of the course. (preview / view)
2. Do you need me to dishes for you? They seem to be cold now. (heat / preheat)
3. Students took a ______ at the beginning of the term so that the teachers could see what they already knew. (test / pretest)
4. In my hometown, both the new school and the internet connection (is/are) much better now.
5. Neither soil pollution nor wastewater (is/are) allowed in the village's new development plan.

1. preview
2. heat
3. pretest
4. are
5. is

【分析】
本题为英语基础题，需结合词汇词义辨析和主谓一致规则解题：1. 先辨析两个动词词义，结合“新学期前了解课程”的语境选合适的词；2. 区分heat与preheat的适用场景，结合“凉盘子”的语境判断；3. 辨析test与pretest的含义，结合“开学初了解学生已有知识”的语境选择；4. 依据both...and连接并列主语的主谓一致规则判断；5. 依据neither...nor的就近原则判断谓语形式。
【解析】
1. 句意：新学期前，老师让我们预览一个短视频来了解课程。preview意为“预习、预览（内容）”，view侧重“观看”，结合语境选preview。
2. 句意：需要我帮你加热盘子吗？它们现在凉了。heat指“加热物品”，preheat指“预先加热设备”，此处针对凉盘子，选heat。
3. 句意：学生在开学初参加了预测试，以便老师了解他们已掌握的知识。pretest意为“预测试”，test为普通测试，结合语境选pretest。
4. both...and连接两个并列主语（the new school和the internet connection），谓语动词需用复数形式，故选are。
5. neither...nor遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语是不可数名词wastewater，谓语用单数形式，故选is。
【答案】
1. preview
2. heat
3. pretest
4. are
5. is
【知识点】
动词词义辨析；主谓一致；并列结构用法
【点评】
本题考查英语核心基础词汇辨析和主谓一致语法，是初中英语的常考基础题型，需学生掌握相近动词的词义差异及并列结构的主谓一致规则，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

三、按要求完成句子。
1. The new movie drew people's attention successfully last month.（改为否定句）
The new movie people's attention successfully last month.
2. Many villages have changed better by carrying out the countryside development programs.（对画线部分提问）
many villages changed better?
3. Not only the students but also the headmaster likes the School Art Festival Gala very much.（改为同义句）
the students the headmaster the School Art Festival Gala very much.
4. 在过去，农村的水和空气都没有受到污染。（完成译句）
the water the air was polluted in the countryside in the past.
5. you, your sister, dishes, the, or, has to, wash, either（连词成句）

1. didn't draw
2. How have
3. Both; and; like
4. Neither; nor
5. Either you or your sister has to wash the dishes.

【分析】
1. 一般过去时肯定句改否定句，需借助助动词didn't，其后动词还原为原形，原句谓语drew的原形是draw。
2. 画线部分为方式状语，提问方式用How；原句是现在完成时，助动词have需提前至主语前。
3. not only...but also的同义结构为both...and，连接并列主语时谓语用复数形式，原句likes要变为like。
4. 表示“既不...也不”的并列连词是neither...nor，符合句意要求。
5. 连词成句需先确定连词either...or，遵循就近原则用has to，再搭配动词短语wash the dishes组合成句。
【解析】
1. 一般过去时否定句结构：主语+didn't+动词原形+其他，故填didn't draw。
2. 对方式状语提问用How，原句为现在完成时，变疑问句时助动词have提前，故填How have。
3. not only...but also的同义表达为both...and，连接并列主语时谓语用复数，故填Both; and; like。
4. “既不...也不”对应neither...nor，符合句意，故填Neither; nor。
5. 根据所给词汇，either...or连接主语，就近原则用has to，组合为：Either you or your sister has to wash the dishes.
【答案】
1. didn't draw
2. How have
3. Both; and; like
4. Neither; nor
5. Either you or your sister has to wash the dishes.
【知识点】
一般过去时的否定句；现在完成时的特殊疑问句；并列连词与主谓一致
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础句型转换、特殊疑问句、同义句转换及连词成句，涵盖核心语法点，注重基础应用，是常见的英语基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8