Ⅳ.Read and answer the questions.阅读并回答问题。
Penguins are fantastic animals that people all over the world love. They

are a part of a big bird family called Spheniscidae(企鹅科). They are birds that
can't fly. They're famous for their big,strong bodies,short wings,and webbed
feet(蹼足). They like to eat fish,shrimp(小虾),and other sea animals.
Penguins are in different sizes. The smallest one,the little blue penguin,is
around 30 centimetres tall. The biggest one,the emperor penguin(帝企鹅),can
be as tall as 1.1 metres! Their smooth, waterproof feathers(防水羽毛) keep
them warm in the cold water they live in.
Most penguins live in the southern hemisphere(南半球),especially in Antarctica. But you
can also see them in places like South Africa,New Zealand,and South America. Penguins love
cold weather and they often live in different places,such as icy coastlines(结冰的海岸线),rocky
shores,and the open ocean.
Penguins really like being with each other and often live together

in large groups. They talk to one another by making sounds,moving
their bodies, and doing little dances. The penguins are super
swimmers and they spend a lot of time in the water. They use their
wings like fins to swim fast,sometimes going as fast as 20 miles per hour! On land,penguins
walk in a funny way because their legs are short,but they can still walk a long way to find safe
places to have little babies.
Even though penguins are very popular, they're in danger. Things like climate(气候)
change,pollution,overfishing,and losing homes are harming(伤害) their populations. People are
working hard to protect these amazing birds and make sure their natural homes stay safe.
16. What do the penguins like to eat?

17. How tall is the smallest penguin?

18. Do the penguins only live in Antarctica?

19. Why do penguins walk in a funny way?

20. What do you think of penguins?

Ⅳ.16. They like to eat fish,shrimp,and other sea animals.
17. It is around 30 centimetres tall.
18. No.
19. Because their legs are short.
20. I think the penguins are fantastic and popular.(开放性
答案,言之有理即可。)

【分析】本题是英语阅读理解的细节查找与开放性问题，解题思路为：先通读短文理解大意，再针对每个问题，精准定位原文对应语句，提取关键信息作答；开放性问题需结合文本内容，表达合理观点即可。
【解析】
16. 问题询问企鹅的食物，定位到原文第一段最后一句“They like to eat fish,shrimp,and other sea animals.”，直接提取答案。
17. 问题询问最小企鹅的身高，定位到原文第二段第二句“The smallest one,the little blue penguin,is around 30 centimetres tall.”，提取对应信息作答。
18. 问题询问企鹅是否仅生活在南极洲，定位到原文第三段“Most penguins live in the southern hemisphere,especially in Antarctica. But you can also see them in places like South Africa,New Zealand,and South America.”，可知答案为否定。
19. 问题询问企鹅走路滑稽的原因，定位到原文第四段最后一句“On land,penguins walk in a funny way because their legs are short”，提取原因作答。
20. 问题为开放性问题，结合原文第一段“Penguins are fantastic animals that people all over the world love.”及最后一段“Even though penguins are very popular”，可表达合理观点。
【答案】
16. They like to eat fish,shrimp,and other sea animals.
17. It is around 30 centimetres tall.
18. No.
19. Because their legs are short.
20. I think the penguins are fantastic and popular.(开放性答案,言之有理即可。)
【知识点】阅读理解（细节理解）、开放性问题作答
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解基础题型，侧重考查学生从原文定位并提取关键信息的能力，开放性问题鼓励学生结合文本表达观点，整体难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8