一 单词拼写
1. Mark is learning （德语）because he wants to study in Berlin next year.
2. All （公共的） parks could have free Wi-Fi and charging stations for smart devices by 2030.
3. （医学的）nanobots（纳米机器人）may travel inside our bodies to cure damaged cells in 2050.
4. An important （任务）for future engineers is building earthquake-proof（防地震的）smart buildings.
5. Making AI systems that truly understand human emotions is a tough （挑战）.

1. German 2. public 3. Medical 4. task
5. challenge

【分析】本题为根据中文提示拼写单词的题型，需结合句子语境判断所需单词的词性，再准确写出对应英文单词，注意部分单词的大小写规则（如表示语言的German首字母大写），以及名词的单复数形式（本题均为单数可数名词，因前面有冠词或形容词修饰）。
【解析】1. 表示“德语”的英文单词是German，此处作learn的宾语，符合语境；2. 修饰名词parks需用形容词，“公共的”对应单词public；3. 修饰名词nanobots需用形容词，“医学的”对应单词Medical（此处为学科相关形容词，首字母大写）；4. 由an important可知需用单数可数名词，“任务”对应单词task；5. 由a tough可知需用单数可数名词，“挑战”对应单词challenge。
【答案】1. German 2. public 3. Medical 4. task 5. challenge
【知识点】单词拼写、形容词用法、名词用法
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的拼写与运用，要求学生掌握常见中文对应的英文单词，结合语境判断词性和形式，注重日常词汇积累，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7

二 语法填空迁移练
6. Scientists are working (raise) the quality of food in space.
7. In the future, people may (depend) more on solar energy.
8. Some scientists’ (predict) about the future are amazing.
9. Read more books, and you will know the world much (well) and develop wider thinking.
10. The government will take (step) to reduce pollution.
11. Countries must take action (protect) forests, or many animals will lose their homes.
12. Many (expert) believe AI will improve the quality of our future life.
13. Kids in 2050 will show their (create) ideas through 3D hologram(全息图) art projects.
14. If we don’t protect the environment, air pollution will get (bad) in future cities.

6. to raise 7. depend 8. predictions 9. better 10. steps
11. to protect 12. experts 13. creative
14. worse

【分析】
本题为英语语法填空题，需结合固定搭配、词形变化、语法规则逐一分析：1. 第6题考查表目的的动词不定式用法；2. 第7题考查情态动词后接动词原形的规则；3. 第8题考查名词复数的变形；4. 第9题考查形容词比较级的用法；5. 第10题考查固定搭配；6. 第11题考查表目的的动词不定式；7. 第12题考查可数名词复数；8. 第13题考查形容词修饰名词的用法；9. 第14题考查形容词比较级的用法。
【解析】
6. 固定搭配work to do sth表目的，需用动词不定式，故填to raise；
7. 情态动词may后接动词原形，故填depend；
8. 此处需名词作主语，结合谓语are及所有格some scientists’，用predict的名词复数predictions；
9. much修饰形容词比较级，well的比较级为better，故填better；
10. 固定搭配take steps表示“采取措施”，故填steps；
11. 固定搭配take action to do sth表目的，需用动词不定式，故填to protect；
12. many后接可数名词复数，expert的复数为experts，故填experts；
13. 此处修饰名词ideas，需用create的形容词形式creative，故填creative；
14. 此处表示“变得更糟”，用bad的比较级worse，故填worse。
【答案】
6. to raise 7. depend 8. predictions 9. better 10. steps 11. to protect 12. experts 13. creative 14. worse
【知识点】
动词不定式、名词的数、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心基础语法，涵盖高频考点，侧重基础应用，难度适中，适合巩固语法基础。
【难度系数】
0.8

三 根据句意,在空白处填入一个适当的词
15. Future cities will focus on people's need green spaces with more parks and gardens.
16. Future cars may have systems to help drivers run away accidents.
17. People will keep protecting the environment to build a greener world.

15. for 16. from 17. on

【分析】
这是三道英语介词填空题，需结合固定搭配和句意解题：15题考查“对某物的需求”的固定结构；16题考查“避免/逃离”的动词短语搭配；17题考查“继续做某事”的固定短语，需回忆常用介词搭配知识，结合句意匹配正确介词。
【解析】
15. 固定搭配“need for + 名词”表示“对……的需求”，句意为未来城市会关注人们对绿地的需求，故填for；
16. 固定短语“run away from”意为“避免，逃离”，句意为未来汽车可能有系统帮助司机避免事故，故填from；
17. 固定短语“keep on doing sth”意为“继续做某事”，句意为人们会继续保护环境建设更绿色的世界，故填on。
【答案】
15. for 16. from 17. on
【知识点】
介词固定搭配、动词短语搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语基础介词固定搭配，属于初中英语核心考点，只要平时积累常用介词短语，结合句意即可轻松作答，是基础得分题。
【难度系数】
0.8

四 阅读理解
What do you think our lives will be like in 50 years or more? To answer this question, you can read a sci-fi book. Perhaps you will have some ideas then. Today, many young readers are
interested in science fiction. But what makes it so popular?
For one thing, science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like. Anything is possible. Some people think there will be flying cars and robot servants. Others believe we will learn more about strange aliens and other worlds.
Another reason is that sci-fi writers and their work can inspire us to create the future. In 1945, a sci-fi writer named Arthur C. Clarke wrote about a system of space stations. In the article, he predicted the future earth would have many TV stations and people would send TV programs around the world. However, this was before TV was a common object at home!
Science fiction is also popular because it can make us think about our world in new ways. Although many sci-fi stories are set in imaginary worlds or societies, they can help us better understand the real world. They can also make us excited when we feel like we are living in a boring world.
()18. What can science fiction help us do?
A. Imagine our future.
B. Know about aliens.
C. Invent flying cars.
D. Make robots our servants.
()19. Why does the writer give the example of Arthur C. Clarke?
A. To show us life was hard in the past.
B. To teach us ways to predict the future.
C. To encourage us to create the future.
D. To tell us TV is very common now.
()20. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?
A. New ways.
B. Sci-fi stories.
C. Imaginary worlds.
D. Sci-fi writers.
()21. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Creating the Future
B. Waiting for the Future
C. Changing the Future
D. Looking into the Future

18. A 19. C 20. B 21. D

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、例证目的、代词指代、主旨大意四类题型。解题思路为：先通读全文把握核心内容，再针对每道题的题干关键词定位原文对应段落，对比选项与原文信息，排除干扰项后选出正确答案。18题需定位科幻对我们的帮助，19题需结合段落主旨分析例证目的，20题需根据上下文主语判断代词指代内容，21题需总结全文核心话题选标题。
【解析】
18题：定位原文第二段第一句“science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like”，可知科幻帮助我们想象未来，对应选项A；B选项是文中提及的他人设想，并非科幻的作用；C、D选项是人们对未来的设想，而非科幻帮助实现的内容，故排除B、C、D，选A。
19题：第三段首句明确说明科幻受欢迎的第二个原因是“sci-fi writers and their work can inspire us to create the future”，举Arthur C. Clarke的例子是为了证明该原因，对应选项C；A选项“过去生活艰难”、B选项“教预测未来的方法”、D选项“电视现在很普遍”均与例证目的无关，排除A、B、D，选C。
20题：代词指代题，定位第四段，前一句主语为“many sci-fi stories”，结合语境可知“They”指代前文的“sci-fi stories”，对应选项B；A、C、D均不符合上下文指代逻辑，排除，选B。
21题：全文围绕科幻帮助想象未来、激励创造未来、用新视角看世界展开，核心话题是“展望未来”，对应选项D；A选项“创造未来”、B选项“等待未来”、C选项“改变未来”均只涉及部分内容，过于片面，排除A、B、C，选D。
【答案】
18.A 19.C 20.B 21.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、代词指代、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文介绍了科幻小说受欢迎的三个原因，题型设置贴合初中英语阅读理解的常见考点，侧重考查学生的信息定位能力和逻辑理解能力，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6