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四、阅读短文，回答问题(答案不超过 7 个词)
It’s no surprise that what you spend your money on depends on your age, where you live, how big your family is, and how much money you make. But do you know how people change their spending habits when a city starts to get richer?
Shenzhen, a city known for its rapid economic development in China, has attracted lots of talented people in the last few years, and the average income (平均收入) of common people in Shenzhen is more than that of common people in any other medium-sized city in China. So what do the people in Shenzhen like to spend their money on?
The first thing is education. Education in China is known to be costly, and rich people are willing to spend a lot of money on education. It is said that the money they spend on education is going up year by year.
They also spend a lot of money on communications and houses. Some people have two smartphones and some of them even provide smartphones for their children. And almost every family has a computer, which shows high technology is part of our daily lives. Moreover, people have started to buy bigger houses. They now have an average of twenty square metres in their apartments, and some families even have two houses.
The biggest change, however, is the number of people buying cars. In 1995 only four or five families in every one hundred in Shenzhen owned a car. However, as the city’s economy grew, the number of car owners has greatly increased, with over four million cars now on the city’s roads.
1. What do people in Shenzhen spend their money on?
2. What is education like in China?
3. What’s the passage mainly about?
It’s no surprise that what you spend your money on depends on your age, where you live, how big your family is, and how much money you make. But do you know how people change their spending habits when a city starts to get richer?
Shenzhen, a city known for its rapid economic development in China, has attracted lots of talented people in the last few years, and the average income (平均收入) of common people in Shenzhen is more than that of common people in any other medium-sized city in China. So what do the people in Shenzhen like to spend their money on?
The first thing is education. Education in China is known to be costly, and rich people are willing to spend a lot of money on education. It is said that the money they spend on education is going up year by year.
They also spend a lot of money on communications and houses. Some people have two smartphones and some of them even provide smartphones for their children. And almost every family has a computer, which shows high technology is part of our daily lives. Moreover, people have started to buy bigger houses. They now have an average of twenty square metres in their apartments, and some families even have two houses.
The biggest change, however, is the number of people buying cars. In 1995 only four or five families in every one hundred in Shenzhen owned a car. However, as the city’s economy grew, the number of car owners has greatly increased, with over four million cars now on the city’s roads.
1. What do people in Shenzhen spend their money on?
2. What is education like in China?
3. What’s the passage mainly about?
答案
1. Education, communications, houses, cars.
2. It is costly.
3. Shenzhen people's spending habits.
2. It is costly.
3. Shenzhen people's spending habits.
解析
1. 从短文第三、四、五段可提取深圳人的消费方向：教育、通讯、住房和汽车；2. 由第三段第一句“Education in China is known to be costly”可直接得出答案；3. 全文围绕深圳居民的消费习惯展开，总结核心内容即可。
五、首字母填空
While history has shown that the economic development is sometimes made at the cost of environmental pollution, Shenzhen is trying to tell a (1) d story.
Shenzhen has been developing quickly in recent years. At the same time, the city’s air quality has kept (2) i. In 2022, the average concentration (平均浓度) of PM2.5 was 16 μg/m³, the lowest level since 2006. The city has set a goal to lower it to less than 15 μg/m³ in two or three years and (3) r a world-leading level by 2035.
One of the most (4) u ways to control air pollution is to use the electric vehicles, especially in public transport, across the city. At the end of 2017, Shenzhen became the world’s first city to make all its (5) p buses, about 16,400 of them, run on electricity. A year later, more than 21,000 taxis in the city were almost electric cars.
When the sky becomes (6) c, the city has also improved a lot in dealing with its water pollution. All 159 black and smelly water bodies and 1,467 small ones have been fully cleaned. Five main rivers that run (7) t the city have met national water standards (标准).
Maozhou River, one of the most heavily-polluted rivers in Shenzhen, (8) s to meet the lowest national standard for qualified surface water in November 2019. The standard is that the water can be used for agriculture or sightseeing. This was the (9) b level the river had had since 1992.
As a (10) r, Chinese white dolphins and jellyfish have been seen to go back to the Shenzhen Bay. And the number of many animals in and along the river has grown up year by year.
While history has shown that the economic development is sometimes made at the cost of environmental pollution, Shenzhen is trying to tell a (1) d story.
Shenzhen has been developing quickly in recent years. At the same time, the city’s air quality has kept (2) i. In 2022, the average concentration (平均浓度) of PM2.5 was 16 μg/m³, the lowest level since 2006. The city has set a goal to lower it to less than 15 μg/m³ in two or three years and (3) r a world-leading level by 2035.
One of the most (4) u ways to control air pollution is to use the electric vehicles, especially in public transport, across the city. At the end of 2017, Shenzhen became the world’s first city to make all its (5) p buses, about 16,400 of them, run on electricity. A year later, more than 21,000 taxis in the city were almost electric cars.
When the sky becomes (6) c, the city has also improved a lot in dealing with its water pollution. All 159 black and smelly water bodies and 1,467 small ones have been fully cleaned. Five main rivers that run (7) t the city have met national water standards (标准).
Maozhou River, one of the most heavily-polluted rivers in Shenzhen, (8) s to meet the lowest national standard for qualified surface water in November 2019. The standard is that the water can be used for agriculture or sightseeing. This was the (9) b level the river had had since 1992.
As a (10) r, Chinese white dolphins and jellyfish have been seen to go back to the Shenzhen Bay. And the number of many animals in and along the river has grown up year by year.
答案
(1) different (2) improving (3) reach (4) unique (5) public (6) cleaner (7) through (8) started (9) best (10) result
解析
1. 根据前文“经济发展有时以环境污染为代价”的内容，深圳的发展故事与之不同，结合首字母d，应填different。
2. 后文提到PM2.5浓度创新低，说明空气质量持续提升，keep后接动名词，结合首字母i，应填improving。
3. 此处指深圳设定目标在2035年达到世界领先水平，结合首字母r，reach表示“达到”，符合语境，应填reach。
4. 深圳全面推广电动公交是控制空气污染的独特方法，结合首字母u，unique表示“独特的”，符合文意，应填unique。
5. public buses为固定搭配，意为“公共汽车”，结合首字母p，应填public。
6. 前文提及空气质量改善，此处指天空变得更洁净，结合首字母c，cleaner表示“更干净的”，符合语境，应填cleaner。
7. run through是固定短语，意为“贯穿”，指河流贯穿城市，结合首字母t，应填through。
8. 此处指茅洲河在2019年11月开始达到国家地表水最低合格标准，用一般过去时，结合首字母s，应填started。
9. 这是该河流自1992年以来达到的最佳水平，结合首字母b，best表示“最好的”，符合文意，应填best。
10. as a result是固定短语，意为“结果”，引出生态改善的后续情况，结合首字母r，应填result。
2. 后文提到PM2.5浓度创新低，说明空气质量持续提升，keep后接动名词，结合首字母i，应填improving。
3. 此处指深圳设定目标在2035年达到世界领先水平，结合首字母r，reach表示“达到”，符合语境，应填reach。
4. 深圳全面推广电动公交是控制空气污染的独特方法，结合首字母u，unique表示“独特的”，符合文意，应填unique。
5. public buses为固定搭配，意为“公共汽车”，结合首字母p，应填public。
6. 前文提及空气质量改善，此处指天空变得更洁净，结合首字母c，cleaner表示“更干净的”，符合语境，应填cleaner。
7. run through是固定短语，意为“贯穿”，指河流贯穿城市，结合首字母t，应填through。
8. 此处指茅洲河在2019年11月开始达到国家地表水最低合格标准，用一般过去时，结合首字母s，应填started。
9. 这是该河流自1992年以来达到的最佳水平，结合首字母b，best表示“最好的”，符合文意，应填best。
10. as a result是固定短语，意为“结果”，引出生态改善的后续情况，结合首字母r，应填result。
