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二、根据课文内容及所给首字母完成下面短文
Mrs Brown: Daisy, how was your weekend without 1. e
Daisy: Well, Mrs Brown, it was quite a challenge. We had to read by candlelight and we couldn't watch movies or play video games because my tablet 2. r
Mrs Brown: That sounds difficult. How about the food in the 6. f
Daisy: Some food 7. w
Mrs Brown: Oh dear, that must have been tough.
Daisy: Yes, it was hard. By noon, it was really hot inside our 10. a
Mrs Brown: What about other 11. h
Daisy: They became very difficult. We had to wash all our clothes by hand.
Mrs Brown: And are there any nice things about living without electricity?
Daisy: Actually, yes. We went on a bike trip, had a picnic with my grandparents, and enjoyed playing chess and painting. At night, we listened to stories under the stars. It was a really interesting experience.
Mrs Brown: Daisy, how was your weekend without 1. e
lectricity
?Daisy: Well, Mrs Brown, it was quite a challenge. We had to read by candlelight and we couldn't watch movies or play video games because my tablet 2. r
an
3. out
4. of
5. battery
.Mrs Brown: That sounds difficult. How about the food in the 6. f
ridge
?Daisy: Some food 7. w
ent
8. bad
because we didn't have electricity. We couldn't have our usual breakfast cereal because there was no milk or 9. yogurt
.Mrs Brown: Oh dear, that must have been tough.
Daisy: Yes, it was hard. By noon, it was really hot inside our 10. a
partment
, but we couldn't turn on the air conditioner.Mrs Brown: What about other 11. h
ousehold
12. tasks
?Daisy: They became very difficult. We had to wash all our clothes by hand.
Mrs Brown: And are there any nice things about living without electricity?
Daisy: Actually, yes. We went on a bike trip, had a picnic with my grandparents, and enjoyed playing chess and painting. At night, we listened to stories under the stars. It was a really interesting experience.
答案
1. electricity 2. ran 3. out 4. of 5. battery 6. fridge 7. went 8. bad 9. yogurt 10. apartment 11. household 12. tasks
解析
【分析】
首先通读整篇对话，先明确语篇核心主题是“Daisy分享没有电的周末的特殊经历”，解题时先结合上下文的前后提示锁定语义方向，再结合给出的首字母，优先匹配学过的相关主题词汇和固定短语搭配，遇到连续几个空的组合时，先联想符合语义的常用固定词组，再验证是否符合首字母和时态要求，最后通读补全后的短文检查逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
1. 根据后文多次出现的“没有电的生活体验”相关描述，首字母为e，此处询问没有电的周末过得如何，填electricity。
2-5. 语境说明没法玩平板，对应的原因是平板耗尽了电量，固定搭配run out of battery表示“耗尽电池”，描述过去发生的事，动词用过去式ran，因此依次填ran、out、of、battery。
6. 前文询问食物的情况，没有电的场景下对应的储存食物的电器是冰箱，首字母为f，填fridge。
7-8. 没有电冰箱无法制冷，食物就会变质，固定搭配go bad表示“食物变质、坏掉”，描述过去发生的事，动词用过去式went，因此依次填went、bad。
9. 语境说明没有牛奶没法吃早餐麦片，和牛奶同类的饮品首字母为y，对应yogurt（酸奶），符合语境。
10. 语境说明屋内很热没法开空调，首字母为a，对应apartment（公寓），指代居住的房屋，符合语义。
11-12. 后文提到手洗衣服，属于家庭家务，固定搭配household tasks表示“家务任务”，符合语境，因此依次填household、tasks。
【答案】
1. electricity 2. ran 3. out 4. of 5. battery 6. fridge 7. went 8. bad 9. yogurt 10. apartment 11. household 12. tasks
【知识点】
首字母短文填空，固定短语搭配，语境词义推断
【点评】
本题是贴合单元主题的语篇首字母填空题，整体围绕无电生活的场景展开，大部分空都可以通过上下文的逻辑提示直接推导，既考察了学生对主题相关核心词汇的掌握程度，也检验了学生对常用固定搭配的积累，难度适中，能有效巩固学生的语篇阅读填词能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
首先通读整篇对话，先明确语篇核心主题是“Daisy分享没有电的周末的特殊经历”，解题时先结合上下文的前后提示锁定语义方向，再结合给出的首字母，优先匹配学过的相关主题词汇和固定短语搭配，遇到连续几个空的组合时，先联想符合语义的常用固定词组，再验证是否符合首字母和时态要求，最后通读补全后的短文检查逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
1. 根据后文多次出现的“没有电的生活体验”相关描述，首字母为e，此处询问没有电的周末过得如何，填electricity。
2-5. 语境说明没法玩平板，对应的原因是平板耗尽了电量，固定搭配run out of battery表示“耗尽电池”，描述过去发生的事，动词用过去式ran，因此依次填ran、out、of、battery。
6. 前文询问食物的情况，没有电的场景下对应的储存食物的电器是冰箱，首字母为f，填fridge。
7-8. 没有电冰箱无法制冷，食物就会变质，固定搭配go bad表示“食物变质、坏掉”，描述过去发生的事，动词用过去式went，因此依次填went、bad。
9. 语境说明没有牛奶没法吃早餐麦片，和牛奶同类的饮品首字母为y，对应yogurt（酸奶），符合语境。
10. 语境说明屋内很热没法开空调，首字母为a，对应apartment（公寓），指代居住的房屋，符合语义。
11-12. 后文提到手洗衣服，属于家庭家务，固定搭配household tasks表示“家务任务”，符合语境，因此依次填household、tasks。
【答案】
1. electricity 2. ran 3. out 4. of 5. battery 6. fridge 7. went 8. bad 9. yogurt 10. apartment 11. household 12. tasks
【知识点】
首字母短文填空，固定短语搭配，语境词义推断
【点评】
本题是贴合单元主题的语篇首字母填空题，整体围绕无电生活的场景展开，大部分空都可以通过上下文的逻辑提示直接推导，既考察了学生对主题相关核心词汇的掌握程度，也检验了学生对常用固定搭配的积累，难度适中，能有效巩固学生的语篇阅读填词能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
三、阅读文段并完成文段后练习
读前预测是一种重要的阅读技能。通过观察文章的标题、首尾段、插图，以及每段的首句，可对文章的内容作初步预测，从而提高阅读速度。
请快速浏览下文，回答以下问题:
What is the main idea of the passage?
接下来，请仔细阅读，验证你的猜测，并回答问题。
Earth Day
Do you know Earth Day? On that day, we think about life on our beautiful planet. People celebrate Earth Day on April 22 every year. That is the middle of spring, so it is a good time for planting trees and flowers. Some people plant things in honour of Earth Day. Others clean up garbage. At school on Earth Day, teachers often teach students knowledge about helping the Earth. Students learn about reducing pollution.
Do you know when it began? The first Earth Day was celebrated by about 20 million people from thousands of schools and hundreds of communities in America on April 22, 1970. The 30th anniversary of Earth Day was in 2000. At that time, important people from many countries came together and wrote a paper. It says our planet is in trouble. However, we can fix it. We just need to do certain things. We must think about our planet every day. What's more, we should remember Earth Day every year.
Today, many countries do things to show our love for Earth Day. Do you want to do something for Earth Day, too? Here are some ideas. First, plant new trees. Second, don't throw garbage on the ground; instead, pick it up. Third, it is important to save water and electricity. Small changes can make a great difference to our world. Let's think of every day as Earth Day.
1. The paper from the year 2000 says our planet is in trouble, but we can fix it. What does this mean?
A. The problem is very big and we can't do anything to help.
B. We should only be happy and not think about it.
C. There are some problems, but we can do things to solve them.
D. Only teachers and important people must help the Earth.
2. Why does the passage say, "Let's think of every day as Earth Day."?
A. Earth Day is a very long holiday.
B. We should help the Earth every day, not just one day.
C. It is easy to forget when Earth Day is.
D. We should have a party for the Earth every day.
3. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Earth Day is on April 22 and it is in the middle of spring.
B. We should help and protect the Earth on Earth Day and every day.
C. People can plant trees and save water to help the planet.
D. The first Earth Day was in 1970 and many people celebrated it.
读前预测是一种重要的阅读技能。通过观察文章的标题、首尾段、插图，以及每段的首句，可对文章的内容作初步预测，从而提高阅读速度。
请快速浏览下文，回答以下问题:
What is the main idea of the passage?
Earth Day is a special day to help our planet. We should do something for Earth Day.
接下来，请仔细阅读，验证你的猜测，并回答问题。
Earth Day
Do you know Earth Day? On that day, we think about life on our beautiful planet. People celebrate Earth Day on April 22 every year. That is the middle of spring, so it is a good time for planting trees and flowers. Some people plant things in honour of Earth Day. Others clean up garbage. At school on Earth Day, teachers often teach students knowledge about helping the Earth. Students learn about reducing pollution.
Do you know when it began? The first Earth Day was celebrated by about 20 million people from thousands of schools and hundreds of communities in America on April 22, 1970. The 30th anniversary of Earth Day was in 2000. At that time, important people from many countries came together and wrote a paper. It says our planet is in trouble. However, we can fix it. We just need to do certain things. We must think about our planet every day. What's more, we should remember Earth Day every year.
Today, many countries do things to show our love for Earth Day. Do you want to do something for Earth Day, too? Here are some ideas. First, plant new trees. Second, don't throw garbage on the ground; instead, pick it up. Third, it is important to save water and electricity. Small changes can make a great difference to our world. Let's think of every day as Earth Day.
1. The paper from the year 2000 says our planet is in trouble, but we can fix it. What does this mean?
A. The problem is very big and we can't do anything to help.
B. We should only be happy and not think about it.
C. There are some problems, but we can do things to solve them.
D. Only teachers and important people must help the Earth.
2. Why does the passage say, "Let's think of every day as Earth Day."?
A. Earth Day is a very long holiday.
B. We should help the Earth every day, not just one day.
C. It is easy to forget when Earth Day is.
D. We should have a party for the Earth every day.
3. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Earth Day is on April 22 and it is in the middle of spring.
B. We should help and protect the Earth on Earth Day and every day.
C. People can plant trees and save water to help the planet.
D. The first Earth Day was in 1970 and many people celebrated it.
答案
What is the main idea of the passage?
(参考答案)Earth Day is a special day to help our planet. We should do something for Earth
Day.
1.C 2.B 3.B
(参考答案)Earth Day is a special day to help our planet. We should do something for Earth
Day.
1.C 2.B 3.B
解析
【分析】
解题思路分两步走：第一步先完成读前预测主旨的任务，按照题干提示的读前预测方法，先观察文章标题是Earth Day，再快速浏览每段首句和首尾段，能快速判断全文围绕地球日展开，初步梳理出文章会介绍地球日的基本信息、起源、相关活动，最后发出保护地球的倡议，就能得到初步的主旨内容。第二步处理后面的3道选择题：第1题属于语义理解题，直接回文定位到2000年相关的语句，做同义匹配即可；第2题属于推理判断题，结合划线句前后的内容推导作者的意图；第3题属于主旨大意题，要排除只覆盖局部段落内容的片面选项，选出能概括全文核心的选项。
【解析】
1. 读前预测主旨：通过快速浏览文章标题、各段首尾句可知，全文围绕地球日展开，介绍了地球日的庆祝时间、起源、常见的纪念活动，最后呼吁大家行动起来保护地球，因此可得出初步主旨。
2. 第1题：定位到文章第二段内容"It says our planet is in trouble. However, we can fix it. We just need to do certain things."，可知这句话的含义是地球确实面临一些问题，但我们可以通过做一些事来解决这些问题，A选项说我们无能为力、B选项说只需要开心不用在意、D选项说只有老师和重要人物需要帮助地球均不符合原文内容，只有C选项表述正确。
3. 第2题：结合文章最后一段内容，作者列举了很多保护地球的可行做法，最后提到小的改变就能给世界带来大的不同，呼吁大家把每一天都当做地球日，本质是希望大家不止在地球日当天，而是每一天都要保护地球，A选项说地球日是长假、C选项说容易忘记地球日日期、D选项说每天要为地球开派对均不符合文意，B选项表述正确。
4. 第3题：判断主旨需要排除片面的细节选项：A选项只介绍地球日的时间，属于第一段的局部细节；C选项只列举人们帮助地球的做法，属于第三段的局部细节；D选项只介绍首个地球日的情况，属于第二段的局部细节，只有B选项完整覆盖了全文核心：既介绍了地球日相关内容，又呼吁大家在地球日以及每一天都保护地球，是全文的主旨。
【答案】
Earth Day is a special day to help our planet. We should do something for Earth Day.
1.C 2.B 3.B
【知识点】
阅读主旨归纳，阅读细节定位，阅读语义推断
【点评】
本题属于难度较低的说明类英语阅读题，贴合课标要求的读前预测阅读技能考察，三类题型分别对应了阅读核心能力的不同考察维度，学生解题时要注意做主旨类题目时不能把局部细节误判为全文主旨，要优先选择覆盖全文核心论述对象和核心观点的选项。
【难度系数】
0.8
解题思路分两步走：第一步先完成读前预测主旨的任务，按照题干提示的读前预测方法，先观察文章标题是Earth Day，再快速浏览每段首句和首尾段，能快速判断全文围绕地球日展开，初步梳理出文章会介绍地球日的基本信息、起源、相关活动，最后发出保护地球的倡议，就能得到初步的主旨内容。第二步处理后面的3道选择题：第1题属于语义理解题，直接回文定位到2000年相关的语句，做同义匹配即可；第2题属于推理判断题，结合划线句前后的内容推导作者的意图；第3题属于主旨大意题，要排除只覆盖局部段落内容的片面选项，选出能概括全文核心的选项。
【解析】
1. 读前预测主旨：通过快速浏览文章标题、各段首尾句可知，全文围绕地球日展开，介绍了地球日的庆祝时间、起源、常见的纪念活动，最后呼吁大家行动起来保护地球，因此可得出初步主旨。
2. 第1题：定位到文章第二段内容"It says our planet is in trouble. However, we can fix it. We just need to do certain things."，可知这句话的含义是地球确实面临一些问题，但我们可以通过做一些事来解决这些问题，A选项说我们无能为力、B选项说只需要开心不用在意、D选项说只有老师和重要人物需要帮助地球均不符合原文内容，只有C选项表述正确。
3. 第2题：结合文章最后一段内容，作者列举了很多保护地球的可行做法，最后提到小的改变就能给世界带来大的不同，呼吁大家把每一天都当做地球日，本质是希望大家不止在地球日当天，而是每一天都要保护地球，A选项说地球日是长假、C选项说容易忘记地球日日期、D选项说每天要为地球开派对均不符合文意，B选项表述正确。
4. 第3题：判断主旨需要排除片面的细节选项：A选项只介绍地球日的时间，属于第一段的局部细节；C选项只列举人们帮助地球的做法，属于第三段的局部细节；D选项只介绍首个地球日的情况，属于第二段的局部细节，只有B选项完整覆盖了全文核心：既介绍了地球日相关内容，又呼吁大家在地球日以及每一天都保护地球，是全文的主旨。
【答案】
Earth Day is a special day to help our planet. We should do something for Earth Day.
1.C 2.B 3.B
【知识点】
阅读主旨归纳，阅读细节定位，阅读语义推断
【点评】
本题属于难度较低的说明类英语阅读题，贴合课标要求的读前预测阅读技能考察，三类题型分别对应了阅读核心能力的不同考察维度，学生解题时要注意做主旨类题目时不能把局部细节误判为全文主旨，要优先选择覆盖全文核心论述对象和核心观点的选项。
【难度系数】
0.8
