登录
D
①Rainforests cover six per cent of the Earth's surface. There are rainforests in many parts of the world, such as Africa and Southeast Asia. But the biggest rainforest is in South America. There aren't any rainforests in Europe or North America.
②About 75 per cent of animals live in rainforests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on. Many of them live in the trees, over 30 metres from the ground. There are also thousands of different plants. Lots of them are tall trees! It is always hot in the rainforests and the ground is always wet. It is also very dark there.
③The rainforests are very important for us. We need them! The trees and other plants in the rainforests help make the air clean. They also help control the weather. They give us wood, rubber, fruit and many of our medicines.
④Unfortunately, in many places, the rainforests are in danger. For example, many years ago there was a large rain forest in Java, but now there is nothing. The same thing happens now in many other parts of the world. We can never imagine a world without rainforests. If rainforests disappeared from the Earth, we wouldn't find any trees, flowers or fruit. What's more, we wouldn't get clean air, and we wouldn't find any animals. The worst result would be that we wouldn't find any humans. It's time to take action to save rainforests.
32. Where can we find the biggest rainforest?
A. In Asia.
B. In Africa.
C. In South America.
D. In Europe.
33. What does the underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The animals.
B. The birds.
C. The insects.
D. The plants.
34. Why does the writer mention "Java" in Paragraph 4?
A. To compare Asian and African rainforests.
B. To give an example of rainforest disappearing.
C. To explain why Java needs more attention.
D. To show a world without rainforests.
35. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
①Rainforests cover six per cent of the Earth's surface. There are rainforests in many parts of the world, such as Africa and Southeast Asia. But the biggest rainforest is in South America. There aren't any rainforests in Europe or North America.
②About 75 per cent of animals live in rainforests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on. Many of them live in the trees, over 30 metres from the ground. There are also thousands of different plants. Lots of them are tall trees! It is always hot in the rainforests and the ground is always wet. It is also very dark there.
③The rainforests are very important for us. We need them! The trees and other plants in the rainforests help make the air clean. They also help control the weather. They give us wood, rubber, fruit and many of our medicines.
④Unfortunately, in many places, the rainforests are in danger. For example, many years ago there was a large rain forest in Java, but now there is nothing. The same thing happens now in many other parts of the world. We can never imagine a world without rainforests. If rainforests disappeared from the Earth, we wouldn't find any trees, flowers or fruit. What's more, we wouldn't get clean air, and we wouldn't find any animals. The worst result would be that we wouldn't find any humans. It's time to take action to save rainforests.
32. Where can we find the biggest rainforest?
A. In Asia.
B. In Africa.
C. In South America.
D. In Europe.
33. What does the underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The animals.
B. The birds.
C. The insects.
D. The plants.
34. Why does the writer mention "Java" in Paragraph 4?
A. To compare Asian and African rainforests.
B. To give an example of rainforest disappearing.
C. To explain why Java needs more attention.
D. To show a world without rainforests.
35. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
答案
D
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了雨林的重要性、分布、雨林中的生物以及雨林面临的危险,呼吁人们采取行动拯救雨林。
32. C 细节理解题。根据"But the biggest rainforest is in South America."可知,最大的雨林在南美洲。故选C。
33. A 代词指代题。根据"About 75 per cent of animals live in rainforests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on. Many of them live in the trees, over 30 metres from the ground."可知,前文提到了许多动物,包括美丽的鸟类、昆虫等,接着说"它们中的许多生活在树上,离地面30多米",这里的"它们"显然是指前文提到的动物们。故选A。
34. B 推理判断题。根据"Unfortunately, in many places, the rainforests are in danger. For example, many years ago there was a large rain forest in Java, but now there is nothing."可知,作者提到Java是为了举例说明雨林正在消失的情况。故选B。
35. A 篇章结构题。文章第一到三段介绍了雨林的分布情况、雨林中的生物以及雨林的重要性,第四段介绍了雨林面临的危险并呼吁人们采取行动拯救雨林。所以文章结构是"分—总"结构。故选A。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了雨林的重要性、分布、雨林中的生物以及雨林面临的危险,呼吁人们采取行动拯救雨林。
32. C 细节理解题。根据"But the biggest rainforest is in South America."可知,最大的雨林在南美洲。故选C。
33. A 代词指代题。根据"About 75 per cent of animals live in rainforests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on. Many of them live in the trees, over 30 metres from the ground."可知,前文提到了许多动物,包括美丽的鸟类、昆虫等,接着说"它们中的许多生活在树上,离地面30多米",这里的"它们"显然是指前文提到的动物们。故选A。
34. B 推理判断题。根据"Unfortunately, in many places, the rainforests are in danger. For example, many years ago there was a large rain forest in Java, but now there is nothing."可知,作者提到Java是为了举例说明雨林正在消失的情况。故选B。
35. A 篇章结构题。文章第一到三段介绍了雨林的分布情况、雨林中的生物以及雨林的重要性,第四段介绍了雨林面临的危险并呼吁人们采取行动拯救雨林。所以文章结构是"分—总"结构。故选A。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍雨林的说明文阅读，解题时可以按照不同题型的特点逐一突破：1. 细节题直接根据题干关键词回原文定位，就能快速找到对应答案；2. 代词指代题需要往前追溯代词所在句的前文内容，找到指代的核心对象，避免被局部举例内容误导；3. 举例作用题优先找例子前的观点句，例子都是为了支撑就近提出的观点；4. 篇章结构题逐段概括段意，梳理段落间的逻辑关系，就能判断出文章整体架构。
【解析】
32. 细节理解题：回原文第一段定位关键词"the biggest rainforest"，原文明确说明"But the biggest rainforest is in South America"，对应选项C。
33. 代词指代题：划线词them所在句的前文提到"About 75 per cent of animals live in rainforests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on"，鸟类、昆虫都属于前文提到的动物范畴，因此them指代的是这些动物，对应选项A。
34. 推理判断题：第四段的观点句是"the rainforests are in danger"，紧接着用"For example"引出爪哇的案例，说明当地曾经的大片雨林如今已经消失，举这个例子就是为了证明雨林正在消失、处境危险，对应选项B。
35. 篇章结构题：第1段介绍雨林的分布区域，第2段介绍雨林内的生物环境，第3段介绍雨林对人类的重要作用，前三段属于分别介绍雨林的基础相关信息，第4段点明雨林濒危的现状，呼吁人们行动起来保护雨林，对应正确的篇章结构，选A。
【答案】
32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A
【知识点】
细节理解，代词指代，篇章结构
【点评】
本题属于环保主题的基础说明文阅读，覆盖了初中英语阅读最常见的三类核心考点，既考察学生快速定位原文信息的能力，也引导学生梳理文本逻辑，同时传递了保护雨林的环保理念，整体考点设置梯度合理。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍雨林的说明文阅读，解题时可以按照不同题型的特点逐一突破：1. 细节题直接根据题干关键词回原文定位，就能快速找到对应答案；2. 代词指代题需要往前追溯代词所在句的前文内容，找到指代的核心对象，避免被局部举例内容误导；3. 举例作用题优先找例子前的观点句，例子都是为了支撑就近提出的观点；4. 篇章结构题逐段概括段意，梳理段落间的逻辑关系，就能判断出文章整体架构。
【解析】
32. 细节理解题：回原文第一段定位关键词"the biggest rainforest"，原文明确说明"But the biggest rainforest is in South America"，对应选项C。
33. 代词指代题：划线词them所在句的前文提到"About 75 per cent of animals live in rainforests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on"，鸟类、昆虫都属于前文提到的动物范畴，因此them指代的是这些动物，对应选项A。
34. 推理判断题：第四段的观点句是"the rainforests are in danger"，紧接着用"For example"引出爪哇的案例，说明当地曾经的大片雨林如今已经消失，举这个例子就是为了证明雨林正在消失、处境危险，对应选项B。
35. 篇章结构题：第1段介绍雨林的分布区域，第2段介绍雨林内的生物环境，第3段介绍雨林对人类的重要作用，前三段属于分别介绍雨林的基础相关信息，第4段点明雨林濒危的现状，呼吁人们行动起来保护雨林，对应正确的篇章结构，选A。
【答案】
32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A
【知识点】
细节理解，代词指代，篇章结构
【点评】
本题属于环保主题的基础说明文阅读，覆盖了初中英语阅读最常见的三类核心考点，既考察学生快速定位原文信息的能力，也引导学生梳理文本逻辑，同时传递了保护雨林的环保理念，整体考点设置梯度合理。
【难度系数】
0.7
