训练1 体裁：议论文 主题：哲理感悟 难度：★★★★ 建议用时：8 min 正确率： /15
新素养·思维品质（原创）Have you ever heard of minimalism(极简主义)? It is the practice of making life 1 by decluttering(清理) and letting go, trying to make life easier and happier. For example, minimalists 2 things they don't need and focus on building strong friendships instead of having too many friends they don't care much about.
With the increasing 3 of minimalism, many people share their minimalistic habits online. “It helps me 4 why I care so much about material things instead of myself,” shared one person.
While minimalism has its 5, I believe it also has some problems. Minimalists often try to 6 every part of their lives, which can lead to worrying too much and chasing perfection.
“To avoid buying things I don't need, I spend too much time looking at the good and bad sides instead of just 7,” one person shared online. “I've done this before; it's a 8 of time.”
The 9 to make every part of life perfect can make people feel nervous and stressed. When they can't 10 this idea, they may feel upset.
Some young people even take minimalism too far. 11 cutting additional spending, they might cut back on social activities and spend less time with others. Without a strong support system, people may feel 12 and miss out on help when facing challenges. This can prevent them from trying new things or dreaming big, hurting their 13 and excitement for life in the process.
In short, while minimalism encourages people to live more 14, taking it too far can make life feel less rich. Young people should try to find a 15 ground, living simply while staying active and connected.
1. A. simpler B. smoother C. stranger D. safer
2. A. put away B. take away C. give away D. throw away ＞＞ 逻辑关系
3. A. popularity B. position C. purpose D. power
4. A. recall B. review C. reflect D. repeat
5. A. attention B. agreement C. achievements D. advantages
6. A. cancel B. control C. connect D. complete
7. A. deciding B. doubting C. discussing D. discovering
8. A. method B. matter C. war D. waste
9. A. progress B. pressure C. project D. pattern
10. A. catch up with B. meet up with C. keep up with D. come up with ＞＞ 逻辑关系
11. A. Without B. Besides C. As for D. Rather than ＞＞ 逻辑关系
12. A. lonely B. crazy C. absent D. independent ＞＞ 逻辑关系
13. A. honesty B. experience C. creativity D. influence
14. A. normally B. peacefully C. bravely D. wisely
15. A. familiar B. middle C. high D. safe

训练 1 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了极简主义的优缺点。
1. A 根据空后“trying to make life easier and happier”可知极简主义通过清理(物品)和放手让生活更简单快乐。故选 A。
2. D put away 收起；take away 拿走；give away 捐赠；throw away 扔掉。根据上文$“It is the practice of making life \underline{1} by decluttering and letting go, trying to make life easier and happier.”$可知极简主义通过清理和放手让生活更简单快乐，由此可推知极简主义者会扔掉他们不需要的东西。故选 D。
＞＞ 解释关系
3. A 根据空后“many people share their minimalistic habits online”可知许多人在网上分享极简主义习惯，由此可知极简主义日益流行。故选 A。
4. C 根据空后“why I care so much about material things instead of myself”可知极简主义有助于人们反思为什么关心物质而不是自己。故选 C。
5. D 根据空后“I believe it also has some problems”并结合上文内容可知，上文提到了极简主义的优点，但作者认为极简主义也会带来问题。故选 D。
6. B 根据空后“which can lead to worrying too much and chasing perfection”和下文$“The \underline{9} to make every part of life perfect”$可知极简主义者想让生活的每一部分都完美，由此可知他们试图控制生活的每一部分。故选 B。
7. A 根据空前“To avoid buying things I don't need, I spend too much time looking at the good and bad sides”可知极简主义者为了避免购买不需要的东西，会花太多时间考虑物品的优缺点，而不做出决定。故选 A。
8. D 根据上文“I spend too much time looking at the good and bad sides”可知购物前花太多时间考虑物品的优缺点，会浪费时间。故选 D。
9. B 根据空后“make people feel nervous and stressed”可知让人感到紧张和焦虑的是“让生活的每一部分都完美”的压力。故选 B。
10. C catch up with 赶上；meet up with 偶遇；keep up with 跟上(人、潮流、形势等)；come up with 想出。根据上文$“The \underline{9} to make every part of life perfect can make people feel nervous and stressed.”$和空后“they may feel upset”可知当极简主义者无法跟上让生活的每一部分都完美的想法时，他们可能会感到沮丧。故选 C。
＞＞ 时间关系
11. B 根据空后“cutting additional spending, they might cut back on social activities and spend less time with others”可知一些极简主义者除了削减额外开支外，还可能减少社交活动以及与他人相处的时间。故选 B。
＞＞ 递进关系
12. A 根据空后“miss out on help when facing challenges”可知没有强大的支持系统，人们在面对挑战时可能会感到孤独，错过帮助。故选 A。
＞＞ 并列关系、时间关系
13. C 根据空前“This can prevent them from trying new things or dreaming big”可知阻止人们尝试新事物或敢于梦想会伤害他们的创造力。故选 C。
14. D 根据上文$“It is the practice of making life \underline{1} by decluttering and letting go, trying to make life easier and happier.”$可知极简主义通过清理和放手让生活更简单快乐，由此可知极简主义鼓励人们更明智地生活。故选 D。
15. B 根据上文$“while minimalism encourages people to live more \underline{14}, taking it too far can make life feel less rich”$可知极简主义鼓励人们更明智地生活，但做得过头会让生活不丰富，由此可知应该试着找到中间地带。故选 B。