一、完形填空
体裁：记叙文 主题：哲理感悟 难度：★★★★ 建议用时：8 min 正确率： /15
William used to be a kid who never dared to express(表达) his true thoughts. He always agreed with everything his friends said.
One day, he and his friends were whether middle school students should bring their phones to school. His friends all thought they should but William didn't agree. However, he didn't dare to share his opinion, he chose to agree with them. But always going against his own will to agree with others made him very . So he got up the courage to tell his mom about this.
“I just can't tell people what I really think or want. It's too for me.”
“You can't or you don't want to?” Mom asked patiently(耐心地).
“You are right. I guess I don't want to. I'm afraid to be ,” answered William.
His mom and handed him a famous book—The Analects of Confucius(《论语》). William didn't know what his mom , but he started reading the book every night before bed. One day, he read a phrase, “Gentlemen have but disagree; flunkies(小人) agree but have no peace.” He didn't it, so he asked his mom.
“It means gentlemen achieve harmony(和谐), but they don't just blindly others. They have their own ideas and they can tell the bravely(勇敢地). Flunkies agree , but they don't really work together,” his mom explained.
Suddenly, William realized that having different is not a bad thing at all. He was very to the book. He decided to express his own thoughts. He did as he said. From then on, he was no longer to speak his mind. To his surprise, he found that the friendship with his friends became even stronger!
1. A. showing B. deciding C. discussing D. shouting ＞＞上下文语境
2. A. if B. because C. when D. though
3. A. unsure B. unable C. unhealthy D. uncomfortable
4. A. sad B. difficult C. important D. interesting
5. A. angry B. outgoing C. similar D. different
6. A. said B. won C. smiled D. reached
7. A. meant B. hoped C. asked D. answered
8. A. danger B. peace C. noise D. worry
9. A. understand B. help C. touch D. choose
10. A. give up B. turn down C. agree with D. laugh at
11. A. truth B. love C. secret D. result
12. A. carefully B. hardly C. bravely D. easily
13. A. decisions B. reasons C. grades D. ideas
14. A. glad B. thankful C. sorry D. friendly ＞＞上下文语境
15. A. excited B. lucky C. afraid D. certain

1. C 根据后文“whether middle school students should bring their phones to school. His friends all thought they should but William didn't agree.”可知，此处是讨论中学生是否能带手机到学校的问题。故选C。
＞＞ 上下文语境
2. B 根据语境“he didn't dare to share his opinion, he chose to agree with them”可知，他不敢分享自己的观点，因此他选择同意别人的观点，前后是因果关系，前面是原因，后面是结果，用because引导。故选B。
3. D 根据后文“So he got up the courage to tell his mom about this.”可推知，William 鼓足勇气告诉妈妈，说明他对违背自己意愿而同意别人观点的做法感到不舒服。故选D。
4. B 根据前文“I just can't tell people what I really think or want.”可知，“我”不能将“我”真正想的或想要的告诉别人，说明这对“我”来说太难了。故选B。
＞＞ 上下文语境
5. D 根据前文“I guess I don't want to. I'm afraid to be ...”以及William不敢表达自己的观点可知，William害怕跟别人不一样。故选D。
6. C 根据前文“Mom asked patiently.”并结合选项可推知，妈妈是笑着将书递给他。故选C。
＞＞ 上下文语境
7. A 根据前文“His mom ... and handed him a famous book—The Analects of Confucius.”可知，William向妈妈求助，妈妈却递给他一本《论语》，所以他不理解他妈妈给他这本书的意思。故选A。
8. B 根据后文“flunkies agree but have no peace”可知，君子和小人应该是相反的，即君子和而不同。故选B。
9. A 根据“so he asked his mom”可知，他不理解，所以他询问妈妈。故选A。
10. C give up放弃；turn down拒绝；agree with同意；laugh at嘲笑。根据“It means gentlemen achieve harmony, but they don't just blindly ... others.”可知，君子不会盲目地同意别人。故选C。
11. A 根据“They have their own ideas and they can tell the ... bravely.”可知，他们勇敢地讲真话。故选A。
12. D 根据“flunkies agree but have no peace”并结合选项可知，小人同而不和，小人很容易就同意别人的观点。故选D。
13. D 根据前文“It means gentlemen achieve harmony, but they don't just blindly ... others.”可知，William从《论语》中了解到君子和而不同的观点，意识到有不同的观点并不是坏事。故选D。
14. B 根据后文“He decided to express his own thoughts.”可知，William决定表达自己的观点，说明他对这本书很感激。故选B。
＞＞ 上下文语境
15. C 根据语境“he was no longer ... to speak his mind”和前文William不敢表达自己的真实想法可知，现在他不再害怕说出自己的想法。故选C。

【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文，把握文章主旨（本文讲述了William从不敢表达真实想法，到受《论语》启发学会勇敢表达自我的哲理故事），再结合上下文语境、句子间的逻辑关系（因果、转折等）、词义辨析逐一分析每个空，最后验证答案是否符合文章主旨和逻辑。
【解析】
1. 根据后文“whether middle school students should bring their phones to school”可知，此处指他们在讨论中学生是否能带手机到学校的话题，故选C（discussing）。
2. 前后句为因果关系，“不敢分享自己的观点”是原因，“选择同意别人”是结果，用because引导原因状语从句，故选B。
3. 由后文“鼓足勇气告诉妈妈”可推知，违背自己意愿同意别人的做法让William感到不舒服，故选D（uncomfortable）。
4. 根据前文“不能说出真实想法”可知，这对William来说太难了，故选B（difficult）。
5. William不敢表达自己的观点，说明他害怕和别人不一样，故选D（different）。
6. 妈妈耐心询问后，笑着递给他一本书，符合语境，故选C（smiled）。
7. William不理解妈妈递给他《论语》的意图，所以向妈妈询问，故选A（meant）。
8. 对应《论语》中“君子和而不同，小人同而不和”的含义，此处指君子的状态是“和”，即peace，故选B。
9. William不理解书中的内容，所以向妈妈询问，故选A（understand）。
10. 君子追求和谐，但不会盲目同意别人的观点，agree with符合语境，故选C。
11. 君子有自己的想法，会勇敢说出真相，tell the truth是固定搭配，故选A。
12. 小人同而不和，很容易就同意别人的观点，easily符合语境，故选D。
13. William意识到有不同的观点并不是坏事，ideas符合文意，故选D。
14. William受《论语》启发决定表达自己的想法，说明他对这本书很感激，thankful符合语境，故选B。
15. 从前文“不敢表达真实想法”可知，现在他不再害怕说出自己的想法，afraid符合文意，故选C。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.D 13.D 14.B 15.C
【知识点】
上下文语境理解、逻辑关系辨析、词义辨析
【点评】
本文以William的成长经历为载体，传递了“君子和而不同”的哲理，引导学生学会勇敢表达自我，理解不同观点的价值。文章逻辑清晰，结合经典文化内容，既考查完形填空的解题能力，又能让学生感悟成长意义，是一篇兼具知识性与教育性的完形材料。
【难度系数】
0.4