Ⅲ. Read and match the sentences with the options in the box.
()12. A sweat a day keeps the doctor away.
()13. Reading is to the mind while exercise is to the body.
()14. Just as a wall depends on a strong foundation, a healthy body depends on regular exercise.
()15. Sport is the source of health and also the secret of longevity.
A. 读书健脑,运动强身。
B. 练出一身汗,小病不用看。
C. 运动是健康的源泉,也是长寿的秘诀。
D. 墙靠基础坚,身强靠锻炼。

12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C

【分析】
这是一道英汉谚语匹配题，解题思路非常清晰：首先逐句提取每个英文句子里的核心关键词，再和右侧中文选项的核心表意逐一比对匹配即可。第一步先识别12题里的核心名词sweat（汗水），直接对应带“汗”的中文选项；第二步13题抓住reading（阅读）、exercise（运动）两个核心主体，匹配对应读书、运动相关的选项；第三步14题提取wall（墙）、foundation（基础）两个关键词，对应带墙和基础的中文表述；第四步15题抓住health（健康）、longevity（长寿）两个核心词，匹配对应健康、长寿的选项，就能快速得到正确答案。
【解析】
12. 英文句子"A sweat a day keeps the doctor away."核心表意是日常出汗能减少生病，和选项B“练出一身汗,小病不用看”含义完全对应，因此选B。
13. 英文句子"Reading is to the mind while exercise is to the body."表意是阅读滋养心智，运动强健身体，和选项A“读书健脑,运动强身”完全匹配，因此选A。
14. 英文句子"Just as a wall depends on a strong foundation, a healthy body depends on regular exercise."表意是墙体依靠牢固的基础才能稳固，健康的身体依靠规律锻炼才能强健，和选项D“墙靠基础坚,身强靠锻炼”对应，因此选D。
15. 英文句子"Sport is the source of health and also the secret of longevity."表意是运动是健康的来源，也是长寿的诀窍，和选项C“运动是健康的源泉,也是长寿的秘诀”完全一致，因此选C。
【答案】
12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C
【知识点】
英语谚语识记，英汉语义匹配
【点评】
本题围绕运动健康主题设置中英谚语匹配，难度较低，主要考察学生对核心词汇的理解能力，不需要复杂的翻译技巧，通过抓取关键词就能快速完成匹配，同时也能帮助学生积累和健康主题相关的常用中英俗语。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅳ. Opening questions.
16. Among the sports listed in Exercise Ⅰ above, which is your favourite? Why? (Answer within 15 words)

17. What benefits does it bring to you? (Answer within 15 words)

16. My favourite sport is swimming, because it
makes me relaxed and strong as well.（答案不
唯一,言之有理即可）
17. Swimming brings me much fun and helps me
sleep better at night.（答案不唯一,言之有理
即可）

【分析】
这是两道英语情景开放问答题，首先要明确题干核心要求：两道题的作答词数都需要控制在15词以内。解第16题时，首先要清晰点明自己最喜欢的运动名称，再搭配1-2个简短合理的理由，选择自己熟悉的运动相关词汇组织语言即可；解第17题时，要对应上一题提到的运动，列举该运动给自己带来的实际益处，表述简洁通顺，符合日常表达逻辑就可以，不需要使用复杂句式。
【解析】
1. 第16小题：首先选定一个常见的运动项目，用简单的主系表结构说明自身喜好，再补充简短理由，整体控制词数不超过15，表述符合英语表达习惯即可，无固定唯一答案。示例作答：My favourite sport is swimming, because it makes me relaxed and strong as well.
2. 第17小题：对应前一题选定的运动，列举2个左右对应的正向益处，控制总词数在15以内，逻辑自洽即可。示例作答：Swimming brings me much fun and helps me sleep better at night.
【答案】
16. My favourite sport is swimming, because it makes me relaxed and strong as well.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
17. Swimming brings me much fun and helps me sleep better at night.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
【知识点】
运动类话题表达；英语短句写作；情景问答规范
【点评】
本题属于基础的英语应用类开放题，没有硬性固定答案，主要考察学生运动相关词汇的积累和简单口语化表达的组织能力，作答时只需注意满足题干的词数限制，表述通顺逻辑合理即可得分，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.9

Ⅴ. Reading comprehension.
On 19th April, there was a half marathon in Beijing, China. About 12,000 runners took part in it. 21 human-like robots also joined the same race. It was the first race of its kind.
There have been robot races before, but never over such a long distance. A half marathon is 21 km long. The race offered a good chance to see how the robots worked under real-life conditions(条件). The goal of the race wasn't to win but to finish. And six of the robots met that goal.
The robots in the race were of different sizes. The largest, called "Tiangong Ultra", was 180 cm tall. The smallest, called "Little Giant", was just 75 cm tall. To join the race, the robots had to run on two feet, like humans.
As with human runners, low battery was a problem for the robots, too.
Tiangong fell once because of low energy. The same thing happened to other robots, too.
The biggest problem was probably overheating. It was cool in the morning, but as the temperature climbed, workers had to help cool the robots down. At one point, smoke even came out of Little Giant's head.
The first robot to run across the finish line was Tiangong. It finished the race in 2 hours, 40 minutes, and 42 seconds. That was far behind most human runners. Still, the race was a success even for the robots that didn't finish, as it will help scientists develop better human-like robots in the future.
()18. How many robots finished the race in the end?
A. 6. B. 21. C. 180. D. 12,000.
()19. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The sizes of the robots. B. The names of the robots.
C. The goal of having the race. D. The way of running the race.
()20. What does the underlined word "overheating" mean?
A. Falling down. B. Cooling down.
C. Becoming too hot. D. Running too quickly.
()21. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Human-Like Robots in China
B. Fast Runners Finished a Marathon
C. Robot Runners Won the Race
D. A Special Half Marathon in Beijing

18.A 19.A 20.C 21.D

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，我们可以按照题型特征逐个突破：首先明确4道题分别对应细节查找、段落主旨、词义猜测、全文标题选择四类常规阅读考点，先带着每道题的题干关键词回原文精准定位：第18题定位和完赛机器人数量相关的语句，第19题直接通读第三段提取核心描述对象，第20题结合划线词所在段落的上下文线索推导词义，第21题梳理全文核心事件，排除片面的干扰选项，就能顺理成章选出正确答案。
【解析】
18. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段最后一句“The goal of the race wasn't to win but to finish. And six of the robots met that goal.”可知，一共有6个机器人达成了完赛的目标，对应选项A。
19. 段落大意题：第三段开篇点明核心“The robots in the race were of different sizes.”，后续分别介绍了最大、最小的参赛机器人的身高参数，核心围绕参赛机器人的尺寸展开，对应选项A。
20. 词义猜测题：划线词所在段落提到“早晨天气凉爽，随着气温攀升，工作人员不得不帮忙给机器人降温，甚至有机器人头部冒出了烟”，可以推导出overheating指的是机器人温度过高、变得太热的故障，对应选项C。
21. 主旨大意题：全文围绕北京举办的国内首场有类人机器人参与的半程马拉松展开，A选项仅提及类人机器人过于片面，B选项不符合机器人完赛速度远慢于人类的事实，C选项机器人并没有赢得比赛，只有D选项“北京的一场特殊半程马拉松”完整覆盖全文核心事件，对应选项D。
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位；词义猜测；主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本篇是难度适中的说明类阅读，覆盖了中小学英语阅读的所有常规考点，能够帮助学生巩固“题干关键词回原文定位”的基础解题技巧，引导学生避免主观臆断，做主旨类题目时注意排除以偏概全的干扰项，养成依托原文线索推导答案的好习惯。
【难度系数】
0.8