Ⅴ.阅读理解
Eyes are important for seeing and understanding the world. They work tirelessly
every day, whether you're doing homework, watching TV, or playing sports. They
are often thought to be "windows to the soul" because they can help you express your
emotions from happiness to sadness. They can help you connect with others. For
example, your eyes might look big and shiny when you're happy to see someone.
Scientists explain that eyes work by seeing light and helping the brain turn this
light into images. Eyes are even busy when you sleep. Every night you go through a
period of sleep called rapid eye movement(REM). Your eyes move rapidly from side
to side during this period. At the same time, your breathing and heartbeat become
fast.
Like any other part of your body, your eyes get tired, too. When this happens,
they may feel sore and dry, and you may not see things clearly. This happens
especially when you don't get enough sleep, or spend too much time staring at
screens.
To keep your eyes healthy, the National Eye Institute(NEI) advises following a
balanced diet. Doctors suggest eating a "rainbow" every day, with as many different
coloured fruits and vegetables as possible. If you spend a lot of time looking at
screens, take breaks every 20 minutes to rest your eyes and remember to blink(眨
眼). If you feel like you have trouble seeing things at school, feel free to tell your
parents or teachers.
()39. What does the underlined word "emotions" in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Movements. B. Thanks.
C. Feelings. D. Dreams.
()40. What happens to us during REM sleep?
A. Our heartbeat slows.
B. Our eyes stop moving.
C. Our body temperature drops.
D. Our breathing becomes faster.
()41. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Eyes only work when we are awake, like reading or playing sports.
B. Eyes can receive light and turn the light into images.
C. If we don't get enough sleep, our eyes may feel sore and dry.
D. To keep eyes healthy, we should eat the same kind of food every day.
()42. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To give advice.
B. To explain reasons.
C. To show problems.
D. To compare differences.
()43. Who is the passage most probably written for?
A. Doctors. B. Students.
C. Teachers. D. Scientists.

Ⅴ.39.C 40.D 41.C 42.A 43.B

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，可按照不同题型的对应思路解题：1. 词义猜测题先定位划线词所在句，结合后文给出的举例信息推断词义；2. 细节理解题带着题干的关键词回到原文对应段落查找原句，将选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除不符合的干扰项；3. 主旨目的题通读对应段落的全部内容，提炼段落核心作用；4. 推断文章受众题，从原文里找指向目标读者的专属提示信息，最终锁定答案。
【解析】
39. 定位第一段划线词emotions的后文“from happiness to sadness”，开心、难过都属于人的情绪/感受，选项A（动作）、B（感谢）、D（梦想）均不符合语境，只有C（Feelings，感受）和词义匹配，故选C。
40. 定位第一段关于REM睡眠的描述，原文明确提到“At the same time, your breathing and heartbeat become fast”，即REM阶段呼吸和心跳都会变快，A（心跳减慢）、B（眼睛停止移动）和原文内容相反，C（体温下降）原文未提及，只有D（呼吸变得更快）符合原文，故选D。
41. 逐一核对选项：
A选项：原文提到“Eyes are even busy when you sleep”，说明眼睛睡着时也在工作，“只在醒着时工作”表述错误；
B选项：原文说明是眼睛接收光线，帮助大脑把光线转化为图像，并非眼睛自己转化图像，表述错误；
C选项：原文第二段提到眼睛疲劳时会酸涩发干，尤其是在睡眠不足的情况下，表述完全符合原文，正确；
D选项：原文建议均衡饮食，多吃不同颜色的蔬果，并非每天吃同一种食物，表述错误。
因此本题选C。
42. 最后一段开头就点明“To keep your eyes healthy, the National Eye Institute(NEI) advises...”，后文全部是介绍保护眼睛的各类可行建议，因此段落的核心目的是给出护眼建议，故选A。
43. 原文末尾提到“If you feel like you have trouble seeing things at school, feel free to tell your parents or teachers”，出现了“在学校”的专属场景提示，说明文章的目标读者是学生，故选B。
【知识点】
词义猜测，细节定位，主旨推断
【点评】
本篇是和用眼健康相关的科普类阅读理解，整体贴近学生日常生活，绝大多数题目都可以通过回文定位直接找到对应依据，仅个别干扰项需要仔细比对原文细节的表述差异，能够有效锻炼学生快速查找文本信息的阅读能力，同时也能帮助学生掌握科学的护眼常识。
【难度系数】
0.7