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四、词汇运用(每小题1分,满分10分)
A)根据所给汉语提示或首字母提示写出单词。
41. The doctor asked me to see him again if I didn't feel any better after taking the
42. If you can
43. —How powerful the Chinese army looks during the military parade!
—I agree. It made everyone p
44. The door is too n
45. These old photos of my family remind me of my happy c
B)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
46. —Do you understand what I mean? —Not really. I am a bit
47.
48. People have hobbies because they can give us friendship, relaxation and
49. To cross the road
50. Last term, I wasn't doing very well in school because I only
A)根据所给汉语提示或首字母提示写出单词。
41. The doctor asked me to see him again if I didn't feel any better after taking the
medicine
.42. If you can
follow
your heart and never give up, your dream will come true in the future.43. —How powerful the Chinese army looks during the military parade!
—I agree. It made everyone p
proud
of our country.44. The door is too n
narrow
for two people to pass. Let's try another door.45. These old photos of my family remind me of my happy c
childhood
.B)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
46. —Do you understand what I mean? —Not really. I am a bit
lost
.47.
Luckily
, the little boy was saved by the passengers and sent to the hospital in time.48. People have hobbies because they can give us friendship, relaxation and
enjoyable
experience.49. To cross the road
safely
, we should know about the road safety
.50. Last term, I wasn't doing very well in school because I only
focused
on speed.答案
A)41. medicine 42. follow 43. proud 44. narrow
45. childhood
B)46. lost 47. Luckily 48. enjoyable 49. safely; safety
50. focused
45. childhood
B)46. lost 47. Luckily 48. enjoyable 49. safely; safety
50. focused
解析
【分析】
这道题是初中英语典型的词汇运用题型，分为A、B两个模块：A模块的解题思路是先通读完整句子理解整体语义，结合给出的提示（首字母/隐含的搭配提示），联想对应的核心词汇，同时验证词汇是否符合句子的固定结构、语义逻辑；B模块的解题思路是先分析空格在句子中充当的成分，判断需要的词性（形容词/副词/名词/动词对应形式），再结合时态、固定搭配规则，把括号内给出的基础单词转换为正确的适当形式，确保填入后句子语法通顺、语义合理。
【解析】
A) 根据提示写单词：
41. 句意为：医生让我吃完药之后如果感觉没有好转就再去找他。固定搭配take the medicine表示“吃药”，因此填medicine。
42. 句意为：如果你能追随你的内心、永不放弃，你的梦想未来就会实现。固定搭配follow your heart表示“追随内心”，情态动词can后接动词原形，因此填follow。
43. 对话表示阅兵式上中国军队气场强大，让所有人都为自己的国家感到自豪。固定搭配make sb. proud of sth.表示“让某人为……感到骄傲”，因此填proud。
44. 句意为：这个门太窄了，两个人没法同时通过，我们试试另一扇门。结合首字母n和语义，填形容词narrow表示“狭窄的”，符合too+形容词+for sb. to do的结构。
45. 句意为：我家的这些老照片让我想起了我快乐的童年。结合首字母c和语义，填名词childhood表示“童年”。
B) 用所给单词适当形式填空：
46. 前半句表示“不太懂”，说明我有点茫然不知所措，a bit后接形容词lost，表示“茫然的、困惑的”，符合语境。
47. 空格放在句首修饰整个句子，需要把名词luck变为副词Luckily，表示“幸运的是”，首字母大写。
48. 空格修饰后面的名词experience，需要把动词enjoy变为形容词enjoyable，表示“愉快的”，作定语修饰名词。
49. 第一空修饰动词短语cross the road，需要用副词safely表示“安全地”；第二空是固定搭配road safety表示“道路安全”，需要用名词形式safety。
50. 时间状语last term表示过去时态，固定搭配focus on表示“专注于”，动词focus要变为过去式focused。
【答案】
41. medicine
42. follow
43. proud
44. narrow
45. childhood
46. lost
47. Luckily
48. enjoyable
49. safely; safety
50. focused
【知识点】
固定搭配，词性转换，语境词义
【点评】
本题覆盖了初中阶段核心词汇的基础应用，既考查常见固定短语的识记，也考查学生根据句子成分判断词性转换的能力，所有考点都贴合课标要求，没有偏难怪题，适合用来巩固基础词汇的场景运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这道题是初中英语典型的词汇运用题型，分为A、B两个模块：A模块的解题思路是先通读完整句子理解整体语义，结合给出的提示（首字母/隐含的搭配提示），联想对应的核心词汇，同时验证词汇是否符合句子的固定结构、语义逻辑；B模块的解题思路是先分析空格在句子中充当的成分，判断需要的词性（形容词/副词/名词/动词对应形式），再结合时态、固定搭配规则，把括号内给出的基础单词转换为正确的适当形式，确保填入后句子语法通顺、语义合理。
【解析】
A) 根据提示写单词：
41. 句意为：医生让我吃完药之后如果感觉没有好转就再去找他。固定搭配take the medicine表示“吃药”，因此填medicine。
42. 句意为：如果你能追随你的内心、永不放弃，你的梦想未来就会实现。固定搭配follow your heart表示“追随内心”，情态动词can后接动词原形，因此填follow。
43. 对话表示阅兵式上中国军队气场强大，让所有人都为自己的国家感到自豪。固定搭配make sb. proud of sth.表示“让某人为……感到骄傲”，因此填proud。
44. 句意为：这个门太窄了，两个人没法同时通过，我们试试另一扇门。结合首字母n和语义，填形容词narrow表示“狭窄的”，符合too+形容词+for sb. to do的结构。
45. 句意为：我家的这些老照片让我想起了我快乐的童年。结合首字母c和语义，填名词childhood表示“童年”。
B) 用所给单词适当形式填空：
46. 前半句表示“不太懂”，说明我有点茫然不知所措，a bit后接形容词lost，表示“茫然的、困惑的”，符合语境。
47. 空格放在句首修饰整个句子，需要把名词luck变为副词Luckily，表示“幸运的是”，首字母大写。
48. 空格修饰后面的名词experience，需要把动词enjoy变为形容词enjoyable，表示“愉快的”，作定语修饰名词。
49. 第一空修饰动词短语cross the road，需要用副词safely表示“安全地”；第二空是固定搭配road safety表示“道路安全”，需要用名词形式safety。
50. 时间状语last term表示过去时态，固定搭配focus on表示“专注于”，动词focus要变为过去式focused。
【答案】
41. medicine
42. follow
43. proud
44. narrow
45. childhood
46. lost
47. Luckily
48. enjoyable
49. safely; safety
50. focused
【知识点】
固定搭配，词性转换，语境词义
【点评】
本题覆盖了初中阶段核心词汇的基础应用，既考查常见固定短语的识记，也考查学生根据句子成分判断词性转换的能力，所有考点都贴合课标要求，没有偏难怪题，适合用来巩固基础词汇的场景运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
五、阅读与回答问题(每小题2分,满分10分)
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题。
新素材 新型锻炼模式 Getting Up to Speed
The best way to begin training is by alternately walking and running. This allows your
body to become used to the challenge of running without overdoing it. Begin your first week
with running for two minutes and walking for four minutes. Do this sequence five times in a row,
four times a week.
If you feel comfortable doing this sequence after a week, you're ready for the next level. If it still
feels challenging, continue with it for another week.
When you decide to move to the next level, you'll run three minutes and walk for three minutes.
Continue to progress each week, increasing the time you spend running and decreasing the time
you spend walking, until you reach 30 minutes of continuous running.
When you are running, you should be able to comfortably talk with your running friend. If you are
pushing yourself too hard, talking will be difficult because you'll be short of breath.
The days of the week that you don't run, try some different kinds of fitness activities, like hiking,
ice skating, jumping rope, or playing basketball. You'll find that these activities use more different
muscles than running does. This kind of cross-training can help you get into even better shape
than only repeating a single activity. Don't forget to schedule at least one day of rest every week. It's
always a good idea to give your body a chance to recover from your daily workouts.
Keep a runner's log or journal. You can record the weather, your route, the distance you
ran, and how you felt. You might notice that you prefer running early in the day or that eating an
orange before you go for a run gives you a good boost in energy.
Most of all, remember to have fun. Running is just one of many different activities you can do to
stay in shape. Change your routine enough to keep it interesting, and bring along a friend to keep you
company. Note: Children under the age of 14 should not regularly run more than three miles at a time.
Children's bones are still growing, and their cartilages at the ends of the bones are softer than
adult cartilages, which means that it is easier to get hurt.
51. What fitness activities does the passage mention besides running or walking?
52. Write a summary sentence for Paragraph 5.
53. What kind of information could record in a runner's log?
54. Why shouldn't children under the age of 14 regularly run more than three miles at a time?
55. What do you think the writer is trying to persuade us to do?
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题。
新素材 新型锻炼模式 Getting Up to Speed
The best way to begin training is by alternately walking and running. This allows your
body to become used to the challenge of running without overdoing it. Begin your first week
with running for two minutes and walking for four minutes. Do this sequence five times in a row,
four times a week.
If you feel comfortable doing this sequence after a week, you're ready for the next level. If it still
feels challenging, continue with it for another week.
When you decide to move to the next level, you'll run three minutes and walk for three minutes.
Continue to progress each week, increasing the time you spend running and decreasing the time
you spend walking, until you reach 30 minutes of continuous running.
When you are running, you should be able to comfortably talk with your running friend. If you are
pushing yourself too hard, talking will be difficult because you'll be short of breath.
The days of the week that you don't run, try some different kinds of fitness activities, like hiking,
ice skating, jumping rope, or playing basketball. You'll find that these activities use more different
muscles than running does. This kind of cross-training can help you get into even better shape
than only repeating a single activity. Don't forget to schedule at least one day of rest every week. It's
always a good idea to give your body a chance to recover from your daily workouts.
Keep a runner's log or journal. You can record the weather, your route, the distance you
ran, and how you felt. You might notice that you prefer running early in the day or that eating an
orange before you go for a run gives you a good boost in energy.
Most of all, remember to have fun. Running is just one of many different activities you can do to
stay in shape. Change your routine enough to keep it interesting, and bring along a friend to keep you
company. Note: Children under the age of 14 should not regularly run more than three miles at a time.
Children's bones are still growing, and their cartilages at the ends of the bones are softer than
adult cartilages, which means that it is easier to get hurt.
51. What fitness activities does the passage mention besides running or walking?
Hiking, ice skating, jumping rope, and playing basketball.
52. Write a summary sentence for Paragraph 5.
Cross-training can help you.
53. What kind of information could record in a runner's log?
He/She can record the weather, his/her route, the distance he/she ran, and how he/she felt.
54. Why shouldn't children under the age of 14 regularly run more than three miles at a time?
Because it is easier to get hurt.
55. What do you think the writer is trying to persuade us to do?
The writer is trying to persuade us to get up to run.（合理即可）
答案
51. Hiking, ice skating, jumping rope, and playing basketball.
52. Cross-training can help you.
53. He/She can record the weather, his/her route, the distance he/she ran, and how he/she felt.
54. Because it is easier to get hurt.
55. The writer is trying to persuade us to get up to run.（合理即可）
52. Cross-training can help you.
53. He/She can record the weather, his/her route, the distance he/she ran, and how he/she felt.
54. Because it is easier to get hurt.
55. The writer is trying to persuade us to get up to run.（合理即可）
解析
【分析】
做这类阅读回答问题，首先要先明确每道题的题干要求，带着关键词回原文精准定位：1. 细节类题目直接锁定对应段落，提取原文给出的明确信息即可，注意不要遗漏要点；2. 主旨归纳类题目要通读指定段落，提炼段落核心表述，剔除冗余内容；3. 推理类题目要结合全文的核心介绍内容，合理总结作者的写作目的，符合逻辑即可。比如第51题找除了走跑之外的运动，直接定位介绍非跑步日活动的段落就能找到列举的项目，第52题读第5段，核心讲交叉训练的益处，提炼出核心主旨句，剩下的细节题都能在对应段落直接找到答案，最后一道开放题结合全文介绍科学跑步入门方法的内容，合理作答即可。
【解析】
51. 定位到原文第5段第一句"The days of the week that you don't run, try some different kinds of fitness activities, like hiking, ice skating, jumping rope, or playing basketball."，直接提取列举的运动名称即可。
52. 通读第5段，段落核心介绍了跑步之外做其他不同类型健身活动的交叉训练模式，说明它能帮助我们获得更好的锻炼效果，提炼核心得到总结句。
53. 定位到原文倒数第2段"You can record the weather, your route, the distance you ran, and how you felt."，提取对应的记录内容即可。
54. 定位到原文最后一段"Children's bones are still growing, and their cartilages at the ends of the bones are softer than adult cartilages, which means that it is easier to get hurt."，直接提取最终指向的原因作答。
55. 全文都在介绍循序渐进的科学跑步入门训练方法，搭配交叉训练、记录运动日志等注意事项，目的是说服我们用科学的方式开始跑步锻炼保持健康，表述合理即可。
【答案】
51. Hiking, ice skating, jumping rope, and playing basketball.
52. Cross-training can help you.
53. He/She can record the weather, his/her route, the distance he/she ran, and how he/she felt.
54. Because it is easier to get hurt.
55. The writer is trying to persuade us to get up to run.（合理即可）
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位
段落主旨归纳
阅读推理判断
【点评】
本题选取新型锻炼模式的健康类新素材，贴合生活实际，题型覆盖细节查找、主旨归纳、开放推断，难度梯度合理，既考查学生的信息提取能力，也引导学生了解科学运动的相关常识，开放题允许合理表述，不会过度限制学生发挥。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类阅读回答问题，首先要先明确每道题的题干要求，带着关键词回原文精准定位：1. 细节类题目直接锁定对应段落，提取原文给出的明确信息即可，注意不要遗漏要点；2. 主旨归纳类题目要通读指定段落，提炼段落核心表述，剔除冗余内容；3. 推理类题目要结合全文的核心介绍内容，合理总结作者的写作目的，符合逻辑即可。比如第51题找除了走跑之外的运动，直接定位介绍非跑步日活动的段落就能找到列举的项目，第52题读第5段，核心讲交叉训练的益处，提炼出核心主旨句，剩下的细节题都能在对应段落直接找到答案，最后一道开放题结合全文介绍科学跑步入门方法的内容，合理作答即可。
【解析】
51. 定位到原文第5段第一句"The days of the week that you don't run, try some different kinds of fitness activities, like hiking, ice skating, jumping rope, or playing basketball."，直接提取列举的运动名称即可。
52. 通读第5段，段落核心介绍了跑步之外做其他不同类型健身活动的交叉训练模式，说明它能帮助我们获得更好的锻炼效果，提炼核心得到总结句。
53. 定位到原文倒数第2段"You can record the weather, your route, the distance you ran, and how you felt."，提取对应的记录内容即可。
54. 定位到原文最后一段"Children's bones are still growing, and their cartilages at the ends of the bones are softer than adult cartilages, which means that it is easier to get hurt."，直接提取最终指向的原因作答。
55. 全文都在介绍循序渐进的科学跑步入门训练方法，搭配交叉训练、记录运动日志等注意事项，目的是说服我们用科学的方式开始跑步锻炼保持健康，表述合理即可。
【答案】
51. Hiking, ice skating, jumping rope, and playing basketball.
52. Cross-training can help you.
53. He/She can record the weather, his/her route, the distance he/she ran, and how he/she felt.
54. Because it is easier to get hurt.
55. The writer is trying to persuade us to get up to run.（合理即可）
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位
段落主旨归纳
阅读推理判断
【点评】
本题选取新型锻炼模式的健康类新素材，贴合生活实际，题型覆盖细节查找、主旨归纳、开放推断，难度梯度合理，既考查学生的信息提取能力，也引导学生了解科学运动的相关常识，开放题允许合理表述，不会过度限制学生发挥。
【难度系数】
0.7
