二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. In the northern areas, children love to skate on the (freeze) lake in cold winter.
7. We are supposed (greet) each other politely when we meet for the first time.
8. Children under 18 (allow) to watch this show without their parents.
9. There is a small village on the (east) side of the mountain.
10. Without teamwork, it is impossible (win) the basketball match.

6. frozen 7. to greet 8. aren't allowed 9. eastern 10. to win

【分析】
1. 第6题：空格后是名词lake，需用形容词作定语修饰名词，动词freeze的形容词形式为frozen，意为“结冰的”，故填该词。
2. 第7题：考查固定搭配be supposed to do sth，意为“应该做某事”，此处需用动词不定式，故填to greet。
3. 第8题：主语Children under 18是动作allow的承受者，需用被动语态；结合句意“18岁以下孩子无父母陪同不能看该节目”，用一般现在时的否定被动形式，故填aren't allowed。
4. 第9题：空格后是名词side，需用形容词作定语，名词east的形容词形式为eastern，意为“东方的”，故填该词。
5. 第10题：考查固定句型It is + adj + to do sth，其中it是形式主语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式，故填to win。
【解析】
6. 修饰名词lake需用形容词，freeze的形容词为frozen，故填frozen。
7. 固定搭配be supposed to后接动词不定式，故填to greet。
8. 主语是动作的承受者，用一般现在时被动语态，结合句意表否定，故填aren't allowed。
9. 修饰名词side需用形容词，east的形容词为eastern，故填eastern。
10. 固定句型It is + adj + to do sth，用动词不定式作真正主语，故填to win。
【答案】
6. frozen 7. to greet 8. aren't allowed 9. eastern 10. to win
【知识点】
形容词用法、固定搭配、被动语态
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础的词形转换、固定搭配及被动语态的运用，知识点均为核心基础内容，难度较低，适合巩固英语基础语法。
【难度系数】
0.8

三、按要求完成句子,每空一词。(语法专练)
11. The building was completed in 1998. (对画线部分提问)
the building completed?
12. I looked up more than 30 new words in the dictionary last night. (改为被动语态)
More than 30 new words in the dictionary last night.
13. They asked the professor a number of questions in the lecture. (改为同义句)
The professor a number of questions in the lecture.
14. She made her mother a paper purse for Mother's Day. (改为被动语态)
A paper purse her mother for Mother's Day by her.
15. The hot ice-cream scoop is used for serving really cold ice-cream. (对画线部分提问)
the hot ice-cream scoop ?

11. When was 12. were looked up 13. was asked 14. was made for 15. What is; used for

【分析】
1. 第11题：画线部分是时间状语，对时间提问用特殊疑问词When；原句是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语the building是单数，因此be动词用was，将was提前构成疑问句，故填When was。
2. 第12题：原句是一般过去时主动语态，改为被动语态时，原句宾语more than 30 new words作被动主语，是复数，be动词用were，look的过去分词是looked，故填were looked up。
3. 第13题：原句是“ask sb sth”双宾语结构，同义转换为被动结构“sb be asked sth”；原句时态为一般过去时，主语the professor是单数，be动词用was，故填was asked。
4. 第14题：原句是“make sb sth”双宾语结构，改为被动语态时，间接宾语提前需加介词for，结构为“sth be made for sb”；原句时态为一般过去时，主语a paper purse是单数，be动词用was，故填was made for。
5. 第15题：画线部分是用途，对用途提问用特殊疑问词What；原句是一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“be used for”，主语the hot ice-cream scoop是单数，be动词用is，故填What is; used for。
【解析】
11. 对时间状语提问用When，原句为一般过去时被动，主语单数，be动词提前，答案为When was。
12. 一般过去时主动转被动，主语为复数，be动词用were，look的过去分词为looked，答案为were looked up。
13. “ask sb sth”同义被动转换为“sb be asked sth”，过去时主语单数，be动词用was，答案为was asked。
14. “make sb sth”被动转换为“sth be made for sb”，过去时主语单数，be动词用was，答案为was made for。
15. 对用途提问用What，原句为一般现在时被动，结构为be used for，主语单数be动词用is，答案为What is; used for。
【答案】
11. When was 12. were looked up 13. was asked 14. was made for 15. What is; used for
【知识点】
被动语态、特殊疑问句、同义句转换
【点评】
本题为英语语法专项练习题，涵盖被动语态转换、特殊疑问句构成、同义句转换等核心基础语法，考查学生对不同句式结构及时态、主谓一致的掌握，是初中英语的重点基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.4

阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。
compete build surprise easy cheap
usual story invent say think
The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different 1. about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular
one has something to do with Lu Ban. It's 2. that once he and his wife visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. His wife said, "Let's have a 3. . Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up with a good way to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner." Lu Ban 4. it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then
he spent the whole night 5. pavilions(亭子) around the lake. He was quite proud of his work.
The next morning, when Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his wife held something 6. in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was 7. . He found that the object, made of silk and bamboo, could be opened and closed 8. . It
was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, "You win. Your invention can protect us from rain better." So the umbrella 9. .
Later, people began to use paper, which was 10. than silk. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared.

1. stories 2. said 3. competition 4. thought 5. building 6. unusual 7. surprised
8. easily 9. was invented 10. cheaper

【分析】
本题为短文选词填空，解题思路为：先通读短文理解主旨（油纸伞的发明故事），再分析每个空格的句子结构、所需词性/语法要求，结合方框词汇选择合适的词，最后根据语法规则（如名词复数、动词时态、非谓语、词性转换等）变换为正确形式，代入验证是否符合语境。
【解析】
1. 空格前有different，需填可数名词复数，方框中story的复数为stories，故填stories；
2. 固定搭配it is said that（据说），故填said；
3. 空格前有a，需填名词，方框中compete的名词形式为competition，have a competition意为“进行一场比赛”，故填competition；
4. 全文为过去时态，空格处为谓语动词，方框中think的过去式为thought，故填thought；
5. 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.，方框中build的动名词为building，故填building；
6. 结合语境，妻子拿的是不寻常的物品，方框中usual的反义词为unusual，故填unusual；
7. 主语是人Lu Ban，需用形容词surprised（感到惊讶的），故填surprised；
8. 空格处修饰动词短语be opened and closed，需用副词，方框中easy的副词形式为easily，故填easily；
9. 伞是被发明的，用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was+过去分词，主语the umbrella为单数，故填was invented；
10. 空格后有than，需用形容词比较级，方框中cheap的比较级为cheaper，故填cheaper。
【答案】
1. stories 2. said 3. competition 4. thought 5. building 6. unusual 7. surprised 8. easily 9. was invented 10. cheaper
【知识点】
英语词汇形式变化、固定搭配、动词时态语态
【点评】
本题结合油纸伞的发明故事语境，考查方框内词汇的正确形式运用，涉及名词复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、被动语态等基础知识点，需学生具备语境理解和语法转换能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6