2026年自主高效练八年级英语下册外研版评议教辅第46页答案
一、单词拼写
1. Every
villager
(村民) works together to keep their water source clean and safe.
2. The clean air in the
countryside
(农村) comes from many trees and plants.
3. They planted
wheat
(小麦) in the rich soil and used the sun and rain to help it grow strong.
4. The music of the violin blended
sweetly
(悦耳动听地) with her voice.

答案

1. villager 2. countryside 3. wheat 4. sweetly

解析

【分析】
本题为单词拼写题,需结合中文提示、句子语境及词性要求,写出正确的英文单词:第1题“村民”是可数名词,every后接单数形式;第2题“农村”对应固定词汇;第3题“小麦”为不可数名词,直接用原形;第4题“悦耳动听地”是副词,用于修饰动词blended。
【解析】
1. 句意:每个村民都一起努力保持水源干净安全。“村民”的英文是villager,every后接单数名词,故填villager。
2. 句意:农村的清新空气来自很多树木和植物。“农村”的英文是countryside,符合语境,故填countryside。
3. 句意:他们在肥沃的土壤里种了小麦,用阳光雨水帮助生长。“小麦”的英文是wheat,为不可数名词,故填wheat。
4. 句意:小提琴的音乐和她的声音悦耳地融合。修饰动词blended需用副词,“悦耳动听地”的英文是sweetly,故填sweetly。
【答案】
1. villager 2. countryside 3. wheat 4. sweetly
【知识点】
单词拼写、名词运用、副词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础核心词汇的拼写与运用,难度较低,只要掌握课标内的基础词汇即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、语法填空迁移练
5. Every spring, the farmers hurry
to plant
(plant) seeds when the rain comes.
6. Solar power is one of the cleanest
energies
(energy) we can use.
7. Many people in cities long
to spend
(spend) more time in nature.

答案

5. to plant 6. energies 7. to spend

解析

【分析】
第5题考查动词固定搭配,hurry的常用结构为hurry to do sth,意为“匆忙做某事”,此处需用动词不定式作宾语;第6题考查“one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”的固定句式结构,energy表示“能源”时为可数名词,需用复数形式;第7题考查动词固定搭配,long作动词意为“渴望”,常用结构为long to do sth,需用动词不定式作宾语。
【解析】
5. 固定搭配hurry to do sth,故填to plant;
6. “one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构要求名词用复数,energy表“能源”是可数名词,故填energies;
7. 固定搭配long to do sth,故填to spend。
【答案】
5. to plant 6. energies 7. to spend
【知识点】
动词固定搭配;名词复数;固定句式结构
【点评】
本题为语法填空基础题型,考查高频动词短语和名词的数,需牢记常见固定搭配与句式规则,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
三、根据句意,在空白处填入一个适当的词
8. The fishermen live
by
catching fish in the clean lake.
9. We can use both the sun
and
the wind to make clean energy.
10. Many animals live
in
the forests, so we must protect their homes.

答案

8. by 9. and 10. in

解析

【分析】先通读每个句子理解句意,再结合英语常用固定搭配、介词及连词的用法来填空。第8题需对应“靠做某事为生”的固定搭配;第9题对应“两者都”的固定连词搭配;第10题对应“居住在某地”的固定介词搭配,据此确定每个空的单词。
【解析】8. 句意:渔民靠在干净的湖里捕鱼为生。固定搭配“live by + 动名词”表示“靠做某事为生”,故填by。
9. 句意:我们可以利用太阳和风来制造清洁能源。固定搭配“both...and...”用于连接两个并列成分,表示“两者都”,故填and。
10. 句意:许多动物住在森林里,所以我们必须保护它们的家园。固定搭配“live in + 地点名词”表示“居住在某地”,故填in。
【答案】8. by 9. and 10. in
【知识点】英语固定搭配、介词用法、连词用法
【点评】本题考查英语基础固定搭配,属于简单的语法应用题目,只要掌握常见短语搭配即可轻松作答,适合巩固基础知识点。
【难度系数】0.8
四、根据英文释义,在空白处填入一个适当的词
11. He sang much more
sweetly
than ever. (to describe a sound that is nice to listen to)
12. The beautiful
countryside
provides a healthy home for both people and animals. (land that is away from cities and towns, with fields, forests, and farms)
13. We can make bread from
wheat
that grows in our own field. (a plant that is grown for its grain, which is used to make bread and other food)

答案

11. sweetly 12. countryside 13. wheat

解析

【分析】
这类题目要求根据英文释义填写合适的单词,解题思路为:先明确每小题的英文释义,再结合句子的语法结构(判断所缺成分的词性),匹配对应的正确单词。具体来看,第11题需修饰动词,要用副词;第12题需名词作主语;第13题需名词作介词宾语,结合释义即可选出对应词汇。
【解析】
11. 空格处修饰动词sang,需用副词;释义为“描述好听的声音”,对应副词sweetly,符合要求。
12. 空格处作主语,需用名词;释义为“远离城镇,有田野、森林、农场的土地”,对应名词countryside,符合语境。
13. 空格处作介词from的宾语,需用名词;释义为“产谷物用于制作面包等食物的植物”,对应名词wheat,正确。
【答案】
11. sweetly 12. countryside 13. wheat
【知识点】
词汇释义匹配、词性辨析
【点评】
本题为基础词汇题,考查学生对核心词汇的英文释义掌握及词性运用能力,难度较低,平时积累常见词汇即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】
0.3
五、完形填空
Rivers are one of our most important natural resources. Many of the world's great
A
14
are located on rivers, and almost every
C
15
has at least one river flowing through it that plays an important part in the
D
16
of its people.
Since the beginning of history, people have used rivers ______ 17 ______ transport. The longest one in the USA is the Mississippi. The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile. To the people of India, the Ganges is great, but it is also ______ 18 ______ for transport—ships can travel along it for a thousand miles. Other great ______ 19 ______ are the Congo in Africa and the Mekong in Southeast Asia. The greatest river of all for navigation(航海) is the Amazon in Brazil(巴西). It is ______ 20 ______ wide and deep that large ships can go about two thousand miles upon it.
Besides transportation, rivers give
C
21
to eat, water to drink, water for crops, and
B
22
for fun and recreation for the people who live
C
23
their banks. In order to provide enough water for crops,
B
24
sometimes build a dam(大坝) across a river and let a lake form behind the dam. Then people can use the water not only to irrigate(灌溉) their
A
25
but also to make electricity(发电) for their homes and industries.
D
26
, large cities and industries that are located on rivers often cause problems. As the cities grow in size and industries increase in
D
27
, the water in the rivers becomes polluted with chemicals and other materials. People are learning the importance of doing more to keep their rivers
A
28
if they want to enjoy the benefits of this natural resource.
(
A
)14. A. cities B. houses C. gardens D. streets
(
C
)15. A. town B. city C. country D. area
(
D
)16. A. manners B. cases C. blocks D. lives
(
D
)17. A. to B. in C. with D. for
(
C
)18. A. empty B. friendly C. important D. interesting
(
A
)19. A. rivers B. mountains C. lakes D. seas
(
D
)20. A. too B. enough C. such D. so
(
C
)21. A. animals B. fruit C. food D. vegetables
(
B
)22. A. purposes B. opportunities C. gifts D. subjects
(
C
)23. A. across B. through C. along D. straight
(
B
)24. A. scientists B. engineers C. villagers D. farmers
(
A
)25. A. fields B. trees C. wheat D. flowers
(
D
)26. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whoever D. However
(
D
)27. A. height B. weight C. skill D. number
(
A
)28. A. clean B. narrow C. similar D. proper

答案

14.A 15.C 16.D 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.D 21.C 22.B 23.C 24.B 25.A 26.D 27.D 28.A

解析

【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文,把握文章主旨(本文围绕河流对人类的重要性展开,涵盖运输、资源利用及污染问题),再结合上下文语境、词义辨析、固定搭配逐一分析选项,最后验证答案是否符合逻辑。
【解析】
14题:根据前文“河流是重要自然资源”及常识,世界上的大城市多位于河流沿岸,选A(cities)。
15题:此处指“几乎每个国家都至少有一条河流经”,country符合语境,选C。
16题:河流在人们的生活中起重要作用,lives(生活)符合,选D。
17题:固定搭配“use sth for sth”表示“用某物做某事”,此处指用河流运输,选D。
18题:根据后文“船只可沿恒河航行千里”,可知恒河对运输也很重要,important符合,选C。
19题:前文围绕河流展开,此处举例其他伟大的河流,rivers符合,选A。
20题:固定结构“so + adj. + that + 从句”表示“如此……以至于……”,此处指亚马逊河又宽又深,选D。
21题:河流提供食物、饮用水等资源,food符合语境,选C。
22题:河流还提供娱乐和休闲的机会,opportunities(机会)符合,选B。
23题:人们住在河岸,along(沿着)符合,选C。
24题:建大坝的主体是工程师,engineers符合,选B。
25题:建大坝蓄水用于灌溉田地,fields(田地)符合,选A。
26题:前文讲河流的益处,后文讲污染问题,是转折关系,however符合,选D。
27题:工业数量增加,number(数量)符合,选D。
28题:要享受河流带来的益处,需保持河流干净,clean符合,选A。
【答案】
14.A 15.C 16.D 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.D 21.C 22.B 23.C 24.B 25.A 26.D 27.D 28.A
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本文主题明确,围绕河流的重要性展开,考查学生词汇辨析、固定搭配掌握及上下文逻辑理解能力,难度适中,是典型的语境型完形填空。
【难度系数】
0.6