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(B)
Water is very special because it's the only thing on Earth that can be liquid at the
right temperatures for life. It helps all living things grow and stay healthy! Water is
also a great cleaner. It can mix with lots of things, like when it carries food to our
bodies and takes away waste.
Another cool thing about water is that when it freezes, it becomes less heavy and
floats. This happens because the tiny pieces of water spread out when they freeze,
making ice lighter than liquid water. If ice didn't float, it would keep forming on top.
Over time, this would cover all the water on Earth with ice, making it impossible for
life to survive.
Water is truly amazing and it helps keep life on Earth going. But most of the
Earth's water, about 96.5%, is in the oceans. Less than 1% is in the air, lakes, and
rivers, which are sources of water that can be easily used. About 2% is frozen in ice
and snow, and about 1.6% is deep underground. Even though there's so much water
on Earth, most of it can't be used by us, so we must take care of the water we have!
46. What is special about water?
A. It is the heaviest thing on Earth.
B. It is only found in lakes and rivers.
C. It is the only thing that can freeze on Earth.
D. It is the only liquid at the right temperatures for life.
47. Why does water help living things grow and stay healthy?
A. It brings food and takes away waste.
B. It makes things freeze.
C. It turns into ice and floats.
D. It makes the Earth warm.
48. What happens to water when it freezes?
A. It keeps forming on top. B. It stays the same weight.
C. It becomes less heavy and floats. D. It covers all the water completely.
49. Why is it important that ice floats?
A. It helps keep the water cool.
B. It keeps the water from melting.
C. It allows the water to keep freezing.
D. It protects underwater life by limiting further freezing.
50. How much of the Earth's water can easily be used by humans?
A. About 96.5%. B. About 70%.
C. Less than 1%. D. About 2%.
Water is very special because it's the only thing on Earth that can be liquid at the
right temperatures for life. It helps all living things grow and stay healthy! Water is
also a great cleaner. It can mix with lots of things, like when it carries food to our
bodies and takes away waste.
Another cool thing about water is that when it freezes, it becomes less heavy and
floats. This happens because the tiny pieces of water spread out when they freeze,
making ice lighter than liquid water. If ice didn't float, it would keep forming on top.
Over time, this would cover all the water on Earth with ice, making it impossible for
life to survive.
Water is truly amazing and it helps keep life on Earth going. But most of the
Earth's water, about 96.5%, is in the oceans. Less than 1% is in the air, lakes, and
rivers, which are sources of water that can be easily used. About 2% is frozen in ice
and snow, and about 1.6% is deep underground. Even though there's so much water
on Earth, most of it can't be used by us, so we must take care of the water we have!
46. What is special about water?
A. It is the heaviest thing on Earth.
B. It is only found in lakes and rivers.
C. It is the only thing that can freeze on Earth.
D. It is the only liquid at the right temperatures for life.
47. Why does water help living things grow and stay healthy?
A. It brings food and takes away waste.
B. It makes things freeze.
C. It turns into ice and floats.
D. It makes the Earth warm.
48. What happens to water when it freezes?
A. It keeps forming on top. B. It stays the same weight.
C. It becomes less heavy and floats. D. It covers all the water completely.
49. Why is it important that ice floats?
A. It helps keep the water cool.
B. It keeps the water from melting.
C. It allows the water to keep freezing.
D. It protects underwater life by limiting further freezing.
50. How much of the Earth's water can easily be used by humans?
A. About 96.5%. B. About 70%.
C. Less than 1%. D. About 2%.
答案
46.D 47.A 48.C 49.D 50.C
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍水的特性与地球水资源现状的科普类阅读理解题，全部以细节理解类题型为主。解题时首先可以先浏览所有题干，标记每道题的核心提问关键词，之后带着关键词返回原文对应段落精准定位相关语句，将选项内容和原文表述逐一比对，排除与原文不符的干扰选项，即可快速选出正确答案。
【解析】
46. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段第一句"Water is very special because it's the only thing on Earth that can be liquid at the right temperatures for life."，可知水的特殊性在于它是唯一能在适宜生命的温度下保持液态的物质。A选项说水是地球上最重的物质、B选项说水仅存在于河湖中、C选项说水是地球上唯一能结冰的物质，均与原文表述不符，因此选D。
47. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段末尾"It can mix with lots of things, like when it carries food to our bodies and takes away waste."，可知水可以为生物体运送营养、带走代谢废物，以此帮助生物生长保持健康。B、C、D选项描述的内容都不是水帮助生物生长健康的原因，因此选A。
48. 细节理解题：定位原文第二段第一句"Another cool thing about water is that when it freezes, it becomes less heavy and floats."，可知水结冰后重量会变轻、可以漂浮在水面上。A是冰不漂浮才会出现的现象，B说重量不变、D说会完全覆盖所有水体均不符合原文表述，因此选C。
49. 推理判断题：定位原文第二段后两句"If ice didn't float, it would keep forming on top. Over time, this would cover all the water on Earth with ice, making it impossible for life to survive."，反推可知冰漂浮的特性可以避免水体持续完全冻结，以此保护水下生命存活。A、B、C选项均不符合原文逻辑，因此选D。
50. 细节理解题：定位原文最后一段"Less than 1% is in the air, lakes, and rivers, which are sources of water that can be easily used."，可知人类可轻易使用的地球水资源占比不到1%。A是海洋水占比，B原文未提及，D是封存在冰雪中的无法轻易使用的水资源，因此选C。
【答案】
46.D 47.A 48.C 49.D 50.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，科普短文信息提取，原文内容匹配
【点评】
本题属于低难度的科普类阅读题，绝大多数考点都可以在原文中直接找到对应依据，仅第49题需要简单反向推理，学生只要掌握细节题回文定位的基本解题方法，认真比对选项和原文的表述差异，就能顺利完成作答，同时还能积累水资源相关的科普常识，建立节约用水的意识。
【难度系数】
0.85
这是一篇介绍水的特性与地球水资源现状的科普类阅读理解题，全部以细节理解类题型为主。解题时首先可以先浏览所有题干，标记每道题的核心提问关键词，之后带着关键词返回原文对应段落精准定位相关语句，将选项内容和原文表述逐一比对，排除与原文不符的干扰选项，即可快速选出正确答案。
【解析】
46. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段第一句"Water is very special because it's the only thing on Earth that can be liquid at the right temperatures for life."，可知水的特殊性在于它是唯一能在适宜生命的温度下保持液态的物质。A选项说水是地球上最重的物质、B选项说水仅存在于河湖中、C选项说水是地球上唯一能结冰的物质，均与原文表述不符，因此选D。
47. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段末尾"It can mix with lots of things, like when it carries food to our bodies and takes away waste."，可知水可以为生物体运送营养、带走代谢废物，以此帮助生物生长保持健康。B、C、D选项描述的内容都不是水帮助生物生长健康的原因，因此选A。
48. 细节理解题：定位原文第二段第一句"Another cool thing about water is that when it freezes, it becomes less heavy and floats."，可知水结冰后重量会变轻、可以漂浮在水面上。A是冰不漂浮才会出现的现象，B说重量不变、D说会完全覆盖所有水体均不符合原文表述，因此选C。
49. 推理判断题：定位原文第二段后两句"If ice didn't float, it would keep forming on top. Over time, this would cover all the water on Earth with ice, making it impossible for life to survive."，反推可知冰漂浮的特性可以避免水体持续完全冻结，以此保护水下生命存活。A、B、C选项均不符合原文逻辑，因此选D。
50. 细节理解题：定位原文最后一段"Less than 1% is in the air, lakes, and rivers, which are sources of water that can be easily used."，可知人类可轻易使用的地球水资源占比不到1%。A是海洋水占比，B原文未提及，D是封存在冰雪中的无法轻易使用的水资源，因此选C。
【答案】
46.D 47.A 48.C 49.D 50.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，科普短文信息提取，原文内容匹配
【点评】
本题属于低难度的科普类阅读题，绝大多数考点都可以在原文中直接找到对应依据，仅第49题需要简单反向推理，学生只要掌握细节题回文定位的基本解题方法，认真比对选项和原文的表述差异，就能顺利完成作答，同时还能积累水资源相关的科普常识，建立节约用水的意识。
【难度系数】
0.85
