四、阅读理解
One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy food. But before you can
throw it away, your mother stops you. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to
do this?
Mold can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold is usually green, white, black or grey.
Mold makes food soft and changes its colour. Moldy food tastes quite bad and it's not safe to
eat. If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot
dogs, usually holds water. This makes mold easily grow below its surface. Bacteria can
also grow along with it.
But it's easy to remove mold from hard food. The mold can't grow very far inside this kind
of food. According to the BBC, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and below the mold to
remove it. It's OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is
totally covered with mold, you should still throw it away.
Most kinds of mold are bad for us. But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For
example, penicillium can be used to make many types of cheeses, such as blue
cheese. These cheeses are safe to eat and they're quite delicious as well.
()1. How does the writer start the passage?
A. By telling stories. B. By giving numbers.
C. By asking questions. D. By answering questions.
()2. What should you do if you find mold on a hot dog?
A. You can eat it as usual.
B. You should throw it away.
C. You can cut off the moldy part and eat the rest.
D. You can boil it in hot water first and then eat it.
()3. What does the underlined word "This" refer to in Paragraph 2?
A. Food. B. Bread. C. Tomato. D. Water.
()4. What do we know about mold?
A. Moldy food is not safe to eat.
B. We can't see it with our eyes.
C. It is more likely to grow on hard top.
D. All kinds of mold are bad for our health.
()5. In which unit of a textbook can the passage be found?
A. Unit 1 The Animal World. B. Unit 2 Food and Health.
C. Unit 3 Plans and Dreams. D. Unit 4 The World of Technology.

1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先可以先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍食物发霉相关的食品安全常识，之后带着每道题的问题回到原文对应段落定位信息，逐一比对选项，排除不符合原文内容的错误选项，就能快速得到正确答案。遇到指代类题目要重点看划线词的前一句内容，遇到主题类题目要结合全文的核心话题判断所属范畴。
【解析】
1. 定位文章第一段，作者先描述了生活中妈妈切掉发霉食物的坏部分、食用剩余部分的场景，最后抛出问题"Is it safe to do this?"引出下文的科普内容，是通过提问的方式开启全文的，对应选项C。
2. 定位文章第二段，原文明确说明"If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs, usually holds water"，热狗属于含水的软质食物，发霉后必须直接丢弃，对应选项B。
3. 定位划线词所在句的前一句，前文提到软质食物通常含有水分，正是这些水分让霉菌很容易在食物表面下生长，所以划线的"This"指代的是water，对应选项D。
4. 逐一比对选项：A选项原文明确提到"Moldy food tastes quite bad and it's not safe to eat"，表述正确；B选项文中说明霉菌通常是绿、白、黑、灰色，肉眼可以看见，表述错误；C选项霉菌更容易在含水的软质食物中生长，不是硬质食物，表述错误；D选项文中提到大部分霉菌有害，但部分霉菌可以用来制作奶酪，并非所有霉菌都对健康有害，表述错误。因此选A。
5. 全文围绕食物发霉的相关食品安全知识展开，核心话题属于食物与健康范畴，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，代词指代判断，主旨匹配
【点评】
这是一篇贴近生活的科普类阅读，大部分题目都可以通过直接回原文定位得到答案，仅指代题和主题匹配题需要结合上下文逻辑简单推导，整体难度不高，同时还能让学生了解食物发霉的相关健康常识，实用性很强。
【难度系数】
0.8