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四、阅读与表达（共 4 小题，41 - 43 小题，每小题 2 分，44 小题 4 分；满分 10 分）
阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
Everyone knows Confucius (孔子), he is a great thinker in Chinese history. He was born in Qufu in Shandong Province during the Spring and Autumn Period. He is from a rich family. Confucius lives for 73 years. He lived longer than other most people at his age. He has a long life and has a set of ways to keep good health.
First, he has a big heart and he opens it up to everyone. He has a simple life. He always says, “People can eat coarse grains (粗粮) and drink cold water, bend arms as a pillow (枕头). ”
Second, Confucius is very careful about his eating because he thinks it's good for his mind and body. He never eats food that becomes bad. He never speaks while eating or sleeping time.
Last, he likes music and exercise. He can play the piano. He also likes to travel around the world.
As students in the 21st century, we should have an open heart, big dreams and good living habits. We should also work hard from now on.
41. When was Confucius born?
42. How long does Confucius live?
43. Why is Confucius very careful about his eating?
44. What do you do to keep healthy? (List at least three ways. )
阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
Everyone knows Confucius (孔子), he is a great thinker in Chinese history. He was born in Qufu in Shandong Province during the Spring and Autumn Period. He is from a rich family. Confucius lives for 73 years. He lived longer than other most people at his age. He has a long life and has a set of ways to keep good health.
First, he has a big heart and he opens it up to everyone. He has a simple life. He always says, “People can eat coarse grains (粗粮) and drink cold water, bend arms as a pillow (枕头). ”
Second, Confucius is very careful about his eating because he thinks it's good for his mind and body. He never eats food that becomes bad. He never speaks while eating or sleeping time.
Last, he likes music and exercise. He can play the piano. He also likes to travel around the world.
As students in the 21st century, we should have an open heart, big dreams and good living habits. We should also work hard from now on.
41. When was Confucius born?
He was born during the Spring and Autumn Period./During the Spring and Autumn Period.
42. How long does Confucius live?
He lives for 73 years./For 73 years.
43. Why is Confucius very careful about his eating?
Because he thinks it's good for his mind and body.
44. What do you do to keep healthy? (List at least three ways. )
I have good eating habits. I eat more fruit and vegetables.
I often go to bed early and get up early.
Also, I do sports every day. (开放试题, 言之有理, 言之有物即可)
答案
41. He was born during the Spring and Autumn Period./During the Spring and Autumn Period.
42. He lives for 73 years./For 73 years.
43. Because he thinks it's good for his mind and body.
44. I have good eating habits. I eat more fruit and
vegetables. I often go to bed early and get up early.
Also, I do sports every day. (开放试题, 言之有理,
言之有物即可)
42. He lives for 73 years./For 73 years.
43. Because he thinks it's good for his mind and body.
44. I have good eating habits. I eat more fruit and
vegetables. I often go to bed early and get up early.
Also, I do sports every day. (开放试题, 言之有理,
言之有物即可)
解析
【分析】
解答本题需先通读短文理解大意，再针对每个问题定位原文对应内容：第41题询问孔子的出生时间，需在原文中找到对应时间信息；第42题询问孔子的寿命，直接定位原文相关表述；第43题询问孔子注意饮食的原因，查找原文中说明原因的句子；第44题为开放题，需结合自身实际列出至少三种保持健康的合理方式。
【解析】
41. 原文第一段第二句明确提到孔子出生于春秋时期，据此得出答案；
42. 原文第一段倒数第二句直接说明孔子活了73年，据此得出答案；
43. 原文第三段第一句指出孔子注意饮食的原因是认为饮食对身心有益，据此得出答案；
44. 本题为开放类试题，需结合自身健康习惯，列出至少三点合理的保持健康的方式，言之有理即可。
【答案】
41. He was born during the Spring and Autumn Period.
42. He lives for 73 years.
43. Because he thinks it's good for his mind and body.
44. I have good eating habits. I eat more fruit and vegetables. I often go to bed early and get up early. Also, I do sports every day.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找、开放类表达
【点评】
本题考查学生的英语阅读能力，要求学生能快速定位原文细节信息，同时具备一定的语言组织能力完成开放类试题，贴近学生日常学习生活，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.8
解答本题需先通读短文理解大意，再针对每个问题定位原文对应内容：第41题询问孔子的出生时间，需在原文中找到对应时间信息；第42题询问孔子的寿命，直接定位原文相关表述；第43题询问孔子注意饮食的原因，查找原文中说明原因的句子；第44题为开放题，需结合自身实际列出至少三种保持健康的合理方式。
【解析】
41. 原文第一段第二句明确提到孔子出生于春秋时期，据此得出答案；
42. 原文第一段倒数第二句直接说明孔子活了73年，据此得出答案；
43. 原文第三段第一句指出孔子注意饮食的原因是认为饮食对身心有益，据此得出答案；
44. 本题为开放类试题，需结合自身健康习惯，列出至少三点合理的保持健康的方式，言之有理即可。
【答案】
41. He was born during the Spring and Autumn Period.
42. He lives for 73 years.
43. Because he thinks it's good for his mind and body.
44. I have good eating habits. I eat more fruit and vegetables. I often go to bed early and get up early. Also, I do sports every day.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找、开放类表达
【点评】
本题考查学生的英语阅读能力，要求学生能快速定位原文细节信息，同时具备一定的语言组织能力完成开放类试题，贴近学生日常学习生活，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.8
好的饮食习惯决定你的健康，影响你的成绩，拥有好的饮食习惯很重要。请根据下列提示写一篇短文，向我们介绍下你的习惯吧。
要点提示：
1. 好的饮食习惯的重要性。
2. 介绍你的好的饮食习惯。
3. 发出倡议，发扬好习惯。
要求：
1. 词数：80 词左右。
2. 短文应包含以上全部内容，并适当发挥。
3. 语法正确，符合逻辑，书写规范。
要点提示：
1. 好的饮食习惯的重要性。
2. 介绍你的好的饮食习惯。
3. 发出倡议，发扬好习惯。
要求：
1. 词数：80 词左右。
2. 短文应包含以上全部内容，并适当发挥。
3. 语法正确，符合逻辑，书写规范。
One possible version:
Good eating habits are very important for healthy
body and mind. We can also grow strong by eating well.
I have some good eating habits. I like to eat more fruit
and vegetables. I hardly ever eat fast food. They are
bad for my health. I always eat three meals a day and
eat breakfast on time so that I can focus on my study at
school. Also, I drink a glass of milk before going to
bed. It gives me enough energy. Let's improve good
eating habits and give up bad habits.
答案
One possible version:
Good eating habits are very important for healthy
body and mind. We can also grow strong by eating well.
I have some good eating habits. I like to eat more fruit
and vegetables. I hardly ever eat fast food. They are
bad for my health. I always eat three meals a day and
eat breakfast on time so that I can focus on my study at
school. Also, I drink a glass of milk before going to
bed. It gives me enough energy. Let's improve good
eating habits and give up bad habits.
Good eating habits are very important for healthy
body and mind. We can also grow strong by eating well.
I have some good eating habits. I like to eat more fruit
and vegetables. I hardly ever eat fast food. They are
bad for my health. I always eat three meals a day and
eat breakfast on time so that I can focus on my study at
school. Also, I drink a glass of milk before going to
bed. It gives me enough energy. Let's improve good
eating habits and give up bad habits.
解析
【分析】
首先明确写作任务：围绕“好的饮食习惯”写80词左右的短文，需包含三个要点：1. 好的饮食习惯的重要性；2. 自身的好的饮食习惯；3. 发出养成好习惯的倡议。写作思路为：开篇点明好的饮食习惯对健康和学习的重要性；接着结合自身实际介绍具体好习惯（如饮食选择、规律用餐等）；最后发出倡议，号召大家养成好习惯。需注意语言通顺、语法正确，适当补充细节使内容充实，控制词数。
【解析】
按照写作思路组织内容：① 开篇阐述重要性：Good eating habits are very important for our health and study. They help us stay strong and focus on our work. ② 介绍自身习惯：I have some good eating habits. I like to eat more fruit and vegetables. I hardly ever eat fast food because it’s bad for health. I always eat three meals a day and eat breakfast on time so that I can focus on my study at school. I also drink a glass of milk before going to bed. ③ 发出倡议：Let's improve good eating habits and give up bad habits. 调整语句使其流畅，符合词数要求。
【答案】
One possible version:Good eating habits are very important for healthy body and mind. We can also grow strong by eating well.I have some good eating habits. I like to eat more fruit and vegetables. I hardly ever eat fast food. They are bad for my health. I always eat three meals a day and eat breakfast on time so that I can focus on my study at school. Also, I drink a glass of milk before going to bed. It gives me enough energy. Let's improve good eating habits and give up bad habits.
【知识点】
英语应用文写作、饮食习惯话题表达、英语句子运用
【点评】
本文紧扣写作要求，完整覆盖所有要点，结构清晰（重要性→个人习惯→倡议），语言简洁准确，符合初中英语写作的规范，适当补充了细节（如睡前喝牛奶），逻辑连贯，是一篇合格的范文。
【难度系数】
0.7
首先明确写作任务：围绕“好的饮食习惯”写80词左右的短文，需包含三个要点：1. 好的饮食习惯的重要性；2. 自身的好的饮食习惯；3. 发出养成好习惯的倡议。写作思路为：开篇点明好的饮食习惯对健康和学习的重要性；接着结合自身实际介绍具体好习惯（如饮食选择、规律用餐等）；最后发出倡议，号召大家养成好习惯。需注意语言通顺、语法正确，适当补充细节使内容充实，控制词数。
【解析】
按照写作思路组织内容：① 开篇阐述重要性：Good eating habits are very important for our health and study. They help us stay strong and focus on our work. ② 介绍自身习惯：I have some good eating habits. I like to eat more fruit and vegetables. I hardly ever eat fast food because it’s bad for health. I always eat three meals a day and eat breakfast on time so that I can focus on my study at school. I also drink a glass of milk before going to bed. ③ 发出倡议：Let's improve good eating habits and give up bad habits. 调整语句使其流畅，符合词数要求。
【答案】
One possible version:Good eating habits are very important for healthy body and mind. We can also grow strong by eating well.I have some good eating habits. I like to eat more fruit and vegetables. I hardly ever eat fast food. They are bad for my health. I always eat three meals a day and eat breakfast on time so that I can focus on my study at school. Also, I drink a glass of milk before going to bed. It gives me enough energy. Let's improve good eating habits and give up bad habits.
【知识点】
英语应用文写作、饮食习惯话题表达、英语句子运用
【点评】
本文紧扣写作要求，完整覆盖所有要点，结构清晰（重要性→个人习惯→倡议），语言简洁准确，符合初中英语写作的规范，适当补充了细节（如睡前喝牛奶），逻辑连贯，是一篇合格的范文。
【难度系数】
0.7
