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Ⅳ. Task reading.
Let's learn more about water!
Earth is often called the "blue planet", because about 71% of its surface is covered with water. But do you know how much fresh water we can use?
Nearly 97.5% of Earth's water is salt water in oceans. We can't drink or use salt water for farming. Only about 2.5% of Earth's water is fresh water. However, most of the fresh water is locked in glaciers（冰川）and ice at the North and South Poles. We can't use it easily. Less than 1% of Earth's water is fresh water that we can use, such as water in rivers, lakes and underground.
People, animals and plants all need fresh water. Fresh water is very precious（珍贵的）. So we must save every drop of water in our daily life.
Task 1: Read and choose.
()1. Why is Earth called the "blue planet"?
A. Because it has many blue houses.
B. Because about 71% of its surface is water.
C. Because there is much blue land.
()2. How much of Earth's water is salt water?
A. About 71%.
B. About 2.5%.
C. Nearly 97.5%.
()3. Can we use salt water for farming?
A. Yes, we can.
B. No, we can't.
C. We don't know.
()4. Most fresh water is in
A. rivers and lakes
B. glaciers and ice at the poles
C. underground
()5. How much usable fresh water is there on Earth?
A. Less than 1%.
B. About 2.5%.
C. About 97.5%.
Task 2: Read and answer.
1. Is fresh water very precious?
2. Who needs fresh water?
Let's learn more about water!
Earth is often called the "blue planet", because about 71% of its surface is covered with water. But do you know how much fresh water we can use?
Nearly 97.5% of Earth's water is salt water in oceans. We can't drink or use salt water for farming. Only about 2.5% of Earth's water is fresh water. However, most of the fresh water is locked in glaciers（冰川）and ice at the North and South Poles. We can't use it easily. Less than 1% of Earth's water is fresh water that we can use, such as water in rivers, lakes and underground.
People, animals and plants all need fresh water. Fresh water is very precious（珍贵的）. So we must save every drop of water in our daily life.
Task 1: Read and choose.
()1. Why is Earth called the "blue planet"?
A. Because it has many blue houses.
B. Because about 71% of its surface is water.
C. Because there is much blue land.
()2. How much of Earth's water is salt water?
A. About 71%.
B. About 2.5%.
C. Nearly 97.5%.
()3. Can we use salt water for farming?
A. Yes, we can.
B. No, we can't.
C. We don't know.
()4. Most fresh water is in
B
.A. rivers and lakes
B. glaciers and ice at the poles
C. underground
()5. How much usable fresh water is there on Earth?
A. Less than 1%.
B. About 2.5%.
C. About 97.5%.
Task 2: Read and answer.
1. Is fresh water very precious?
2. Who needs fresh water?
答案
Task 1: 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A
Task 2: 1. Yes, it is. 2. People, animals and plants all need fresh water.
Task 2: 1. Yes, it is. 2. People, animals and plants all need fresh water.
解析
【分析】
本题为任务型阅读理解题，解题思路为：先通读全文，把握文章关于地球水资源的核心信息；针对Task1的选择题，每个小题回到原文定位对应句子，找到答案依据；针对Task2的问答题，定位原文相关句子，整理成规范回答即可。
【解析】
Task 1:
1. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第一段“because about 71% of its surface is covered with water”可知，地球被称为“蓝色星球”是因为约71%的表面被水覆盖，故选B。
2. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第二段“Nearly 97.5% of Earth's water is salt water”可知，地球上近97.5%的水是盐水，故选C。
3. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第二段“We can't drink or use salt water for farming”可知，盐水不能用于农业，故选B。
4. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第二段“most of the fresh water is locked in glaciers and ice at the North and South Poles”可知，大部分淡水在南北极的冰川和冰中，故选B。
5. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第二段“Less than 1% of Earth's water is fresh water that we can use”可知，地球上可用的淡水占比不到1%，故选A。
Task 2:
1. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第三段“Fresh water is very precious”可知，淡水非常珍贵，故答案为Yes, it is.
2. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第三段“People, animals and plants all need fresh water”可知，人、动物和植物都需要淡水，故答案为People, animals and plants all need fresh water.
【答案】
Task 1: 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A；Task 2: 1. Yes, it is. 2. People, animals and plants all need fresh water.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解题
【点评】
本题是任务型阅读理解题，主要考查学生快速定位原文细节信息的能力，题目难度不大，只要认真阅读原文，找准对应语句即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为任务型阅读理解题，解题思路为：先通读全文，把握文章关于地球水资源的核心信息；针对Task1的选择题，每个小题回到原文定位对应句子，找到答案依据；针对Task2的问答题，定位原文相关句子，整理成规范回答即可。
【解析】
Task 1:
1. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第一段“because about 71% of its surface is covered with water”可知，地球被称为“蓝色星球”是因为约71%的表面被水覆盖，故选B。
2. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第二段“Nearly 97.5% of Earth's water is salt water”可知，地球上近97.5%的水是盐水，故选C。
3. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第二段“We can't drink or use salt water for farming”可知，盐水不能用于农业，故选B。
4. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第二段“most of the fresh water is locked in glaciers and ice at the North and South Poles”可知，大部分淡水在南北极的冰川和冰中，故选B。
5. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第二段“Less than 1% of Earth's water is fresh water that we can use”可知，地球上可用的淡水占比不到1%，故选A。
Task 2:
1. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第三段“Fresh water is very precious”可知，淡水非常珍贵，故答案为Yes, it is.
2. 本题为细节理解题，根据文章第三段“People, animals and plants all need fresh water”可知，人、动物和植物都需要淡水，故答案为People, animals and plants all need fresh water.
【答案】
Task 1: 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A；Task 2: 1. Yes, it is. 2. People, animals and plants all need fresh water.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解题
【点评】
本题是任务型阅读理解题，主要考查学生快速定位原文细节信息的能力，题目难度不大，只要认真阅读原文，找准对应语句即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
