核心词汇
知识点 congratulation 教材 p23 Congratulations on winning the prize at the school music festival!

【情境运用】
用 congratulation 的适当形式填空。
（1）He received many on his progress.
（2）I would like to you on your success.
（3）Please send my to your friend.

1. congratulations 2. congratulate 3. congratulations

【分析】首先明确congratulation的两种词性及对应用法：①作名词时，常用复数形式congratulations，常见搭配有“congratulations on sth（对某事表示祝贺）”“send one's congratulations to sb（向某人致以祝贺）”；②作动词时，原形为congratulate，用法是“congratulate sb on sth（祝贺某人某事）”。再结合每个小题的语法结构判断：（1）空格前有many，需用可数名词复数；（2）would like to后接动词原形；（3）是固定短语send one's congratulations to sb，据此填空。
【解析】1. 空格前有many（修饰可数名词复数），congratulation作“祝贺”讲时常用复数congratulations，故填congratulations；2. would like to do sth是固定搭配，to后接动词原形，congratulation的动词原形是congratulate，故填congratulate；3. send one's congratulations to sb是固定短语，意为“向某人致以祝贺”，此处需用名词复数congratulations，故填congratulations。
【答案】1. congratulations 2. congratulate 3. congratulations
【知识点】congratulation的用法、名词复数、动词用法
【点评】本题围绕核心词汇congratulation的词性与固定搭配展开考查，属于基础词汇运用题，需准确掌握其名词复数形式及动词的用法，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3

一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Our class teacher (attend) an important meeting this morning.
2. The top three students will get different (prize) in the English contest.
3. He looks (serious), but he is a friendly person.
4. Twins can look very similar but have different (personality).
5. The teacher (spare) me 20 minutes after school to explain the maths problem. Now I understand it.

1. attended 2. prizes 3. serious 4. personalities 5. spared

【分析】本题为英语词汇适当形式填空题，需结合句子时态、词性、固定搭配等规则变形。第1题根据时间状语判断时态；第2、4题依据different后接可数名词复数的规则变形；第3题根据系动词的用法确定词性；第5题结合语境判断时态。
【解析】1. 句中时间状语为this morning（今天早上），表过去的时间，句子用一般过去时，attend的过去式为attended；2. different后接可数名词复数，prize的复数形式是prizes；3. look是系动词，后接形容词作表语，故用serious原形；4. different后接可数名词复数，personality的复数形式为personalities；5. 由后句可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，spare的过去式为spared。
【答案】1. attended 2. prizes 3. serious 4. personalities 5. spared
【知识点】一般过去时、可数名词复数、形容词作表语
【点评】本题考查英语基础词汇的形式变化，涉及时态运用、名词复数规则、系动词用法，是初中英语基础题型，注重核心知识点的掌握。
【难度系数】0.7